Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0003873 (rheumatoid arthritis)
 53,068 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Bleomycin labeled with 57Co was used as a tumor-localizing agent in 132 patients. In patients with pulmonary tumors the primary localization concentrated radioactivity in 52 of the 54 appropriate cases; out of the 22 clinically known metastases, 19 were visible on the scan; 40 unknown metastases especially in hilus and mediastinum were found by the method and subsequently confirmed. In 22 patients with malignant lymphomas, 18 out of 22 known pathologic lymph glands above the diaphragm were visible on the scan; below the diaphragm the results of scanning in lymph glands and spleen were disappointing, probably because of the disturbing concentration of radioactivity in the kidneys, the bladder, the liver, and sometimes the gut. In 25 patients with various other tumors, 16 out of 22 known localizations above the diaphragm were visible; 2 were uncertain and 4 negative. Below the diaphragm the results were usually negative. In 24 patients with benign lesions, uptake of 57Co-bleomycin was visible on the scintigram in 4 patients with cavitating pulmonary tuberculosis, in 2 with pulmonary infections, in 1 with Caplan lesions of rheumatoid arthritis in the lung, and in 1 with sinusitis ethmoidalis. The significance of these results is discussed.
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PMID:Some experience with 57Co-labeled bleomycin as a tumor-seeking agent. 5

Cholera toxin was orally administered to mice concurrently receiving sulphasalazine (SASP) dissolved in L-lysine, or a control substance (L-lysine alone). Circulating antibodies to cholera toxin of IgM, IgG and IgA class were determined by direct ELISA at day 7, 14, 21 and 28. Although both groups made a significant antibody response to the antigen, mice receiving SASP tended to produce lower levels. These were significant for IgA on day 21 (P = 0.013), and for days 7-28 (P = 0.009), and 14-28 (P = 0.007). Overall, considering all antibody classes together from day 7 to 28, there was a significant effect in the SASP treated group (P = < 0.04). It appears that SASP exerts a mild immunomodulatory effect on the mucosal immune system. Further work is obviously required to substantiate these findings. The effect on the gut mucosal immune system of a drug known to ameliorate rheumatoid arthritis may offer an insight into the aetiopathogenesis of this disease.
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PMID:Effect of sulphasalazine on antibody response to oral antigen. 136 Aug 61

Some conditions may present with gastrointestinal and rheumatological manifestations. Salmonella osteomyelitis results from direct infection of bone following gut infection and bacteraemia, but in other conditions the pathogenesis is less clear. There may be a microbial cause for rheumatoid arthritis; however, this theory remains unproven.
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PMID:Rheumatology and the gut. 139 33

In the last decade the possible role of dietary therapy in the treatment of different rheumatic diseases has undergone serious reconsideration. Elimination diets may be useful in a subgroup of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, in whom food antigens probably play an important role in the onset and perpetuation of the inflammatory process. In mixed cryoglobulinemia a low-antigen-diet might reduce the amount of macromolecular food antigens which cross the mucosal barrier of the gut and cause either an immune response and/or compete with the immune complexes in the mononuclear phagocytic system. Supplementing the diet with essential fatty acids (omega-3 and/or omega-6) may inhibit the production of some of the mediators of inflammation, such as leukotriene-B4 and interleukin-1. However, currently employed doses often result in only modest or moderate clinical improvement. Controlled studies in a larger number of patients and with differentiated treatment protocols are needed to establish to what extent dietary therapy may improve the course of different rheumatic diseases, and to determine whether this therapy might be used in association with or even substitute for other well recognized treatments.
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PMID:[The diet therapy of rheumatic diseases]. 149 11

Mononuclear cells isolated from paired blood and synovial fluid of seven patients with rheumatoid arthritis showed cytoadherence to porcine Peyer's patch high endothelial venules using the Stamper-Woodruff method. A significantly greater proportion of binding was found among the synovial fluid lymphocytes. These would appear to be a population of cells that share adherence characteristics with cells known to be of gut mucosal origin, suggesting that in rheumatoid arthritis some lymphocytes derived from mucosa migrate to joints.
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PMID:Adhesion of rheumatoid peripheral blood and synovial fluid mononuclear cells to high endothelial venules of gut mucosa. 163 72

A 78-year-old man with rheumatoid arthritis, arteriosclerosis and cardiac arrhythmias (Lown grade IVb) was admitted to hospital because of haematemesis. Gastroscopy revealed a narrow, deformed duodenal bulb with a bleeding ulcer crater on the posterior wall and a mucosal protrusion 1 cm in diameter. In the course of the illness the duodenal bulb obstruction increased further and there was recurrent vomiting. Repeat gastroscopy 7 days later showed a gallstone, about 4 cm in diameter, which had perforated into the duodenal bulb and could not be removed endoscopically. Because of the serious nature of the other diseases an operation was not undertaken, but an ultrasound-guided extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy was performed. In three sessions this succeeded without complication to break up the stone, the larger fragments of which were then removed endoscopically while the small ones passed through the gut spontaneously. Subsequent ultrasonography demonstrated a shrunk, stone-free gallbladder with a cholecystoduodenal fistula. Afterwards the patient was again able to take food by mouth without any problems.
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PMID:[Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy in gallstone perforation]. 155 1

Sixteen patients with active rheumatoid arthritis were treated with phthalylsulphathiazole (4 g/day) over a period of 24 weeks. Although there was some statistically significant improvement in plasma viscosity, IgM, pain score, morning stiffness and summated change score, this was either intermittent or not maintained. Five patients withdrew from the trial before completion, four (25%) with non-serious adverse reactions and one patient from lack of efficacy; only one patient elected to remain on the drug beyond the 24-week period. Low free and total sulphathiazole serum concentrations were found, confirming that most of the drug remained within the gut. This investigation suggests, certainly at the dose used, that phthalylsulphathiazole does not have the properties of a second-line agent. Higher doses of the drug will not be ethically feasible.
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PMID:Phthalylsulphathiazole in rheumatoid arthritis. 162 69

In order to study the function of the intestinal epithelium in the terminal ileum, the Schilling test was performed in 10 patients with Yersinia-triggered reactive arthritis, in 10 patients who had recovered from Yersinia enteritis without complications, and in five patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents. The Schilling test indicates absorption of vitamin B12 in the terminal ileum, i.e. the area affected by Yersinia and inflamed in patients with reactive arthritis. The findings obtained demonstrate increased uptake through the epithelium in this area of the intestine in patients with Yersinia-triggered reactive arthritis. There are two possible explanations. First, Yersinia infection may have a long-term effect on the gut mucosa. Secondly, some individuals may, at the level of the terminal ileum, show enhanced absorption of vitamin B12 and/or other substances such as microbes or their components, resulting in increased susceptibility to certain infections.
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PMID:Function of terminal ileum in patients with Yersinia-triggered reactive arthritis. 164 Jan 95

Tetracyclines have long been considered useful adjuncts in peridontal therapy based on their antimicrobial efficacy against putative periodontopathogens. However, recently these drugs were found to inhibit mammalian collagenases and several other matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) by a mechanism independent of their antimicrobial activity. Evidence is presented that this property may be therapeutically useful in retarding pathologic connective tissue breakdown, including bone resorption. The experiments leading to this discovery are described and possible mechanisms are addressed, including the specificity of tetracyclines' anti-collagenase activity, the role of the drugs' metal ion (Zn2+, Ca2+)-binding capacity, and the site on the tetracycline molecule responsible for this nonantimicrobial property. Of extreme interest, the tetracycline molecule has been chemically modified in multiple ways, generating a new family of compounds called CMTs (chemically modified tetracyclines) that lack antimicrobial but still retain anti-collagenase activity. The first of these CMTs, 4-de-di-methylaminotetracycline, was found not to produce a major side-effect of antimicrobial tetracycline therapy--its administration to experimental animals did not result in the emergence of tetracycline-resistant microorganisms in the oral flora and gut. Numerous examples of the clinical potential of this non-antimicrobial property of tetracyclines in the treatment of periodontal and several medical diseases (e.g., sterile corneal ulcers, rheumatoid arthritis, skin bullous lesions, tumor-induced angiogenesis and metastasis) are discussed.
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PMID:Tetracyclines inhibit connective tissue breakdown: new therapeutic implications for an old family of drugs. 165 39

Gut permeability as measured by the 51Cr-EDTA resorption test was determined in 56 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 73 patients with spondyloarthropathies (SpA), 18 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and 97 controls (42 patients with no inflammatory rheumatic diseases and 55 healthy controls). Gut permeability was found to be increased in the 3 patient groups, partially due to the intake of antiinflammatory drugs. When only patients not taking these drugs were considered, an increased gut permeability was found in patients with SpA and IBD. In patients with RA gut permeability could not be evaluated as they were all taking antiinflammatory medication. Ileocolonoscopy with biopsies of the gut was performed in 62 of the 73 patients with SpA and disclosed subclinical gut inflammation in 21. No difference in gut permeability was found between patients with or without gut inflammation. However, when the type of gut inflammation was considered, a significant increase of gut permeability was found in patients with chronic gut inflammation compared with patients presenting acute lesions. Our findings again suggest that the chronic gut inflammation seen in SpA is fundamentally different from acute gut inflammation and possibly related to the gut inflammation of IBD.
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PMID:Intestinal mucosal permeability in inflammatory rheumatic diseases. II. Role of disease. 190 39


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