Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0003873 (rheumatoid arthritis)
 53,068 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

While in the great majority of cells the nuclear lamina is not resolved as a distinct structure separating the chromatin from the nuclear envelope, a demonstrable nuclear lamina ("fibrous lamina") of 30 to 300 nm thickness, interposed between the inner nuclear membrane and the peripheral chromatin, is characteristic for certain types of cells of vertebrates and invertebrates. We have examined whether the thick (50-70 nm) fibrous lamina of human synovial cells from patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis indeed contains the lamins found in the indiscernible lamina structures present in most normal cells. We have observed, by electron microscopic immunolocalization, that both the A and the B type lamins occur throughout the entire nuclear lamina of these cells and that this structure is also resistant to treatments with nucleases and high salt buffers. This shows that the thick fibrous lamina only seen in certain vertebrate cells is compositionally related to the "masked" nuclear lamina of most other cells which usually is identified only upon removal of the adjacent nuclear structures.
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PMID:Immunolocalization of lamins in the thick nuclear lamina of human synovial cells. 203 45

Recently, the disease activity has been believed to be effectively controlled by remission inducing agents such as gold salt and D-penicillamine in rheumatoid arthritis. However, there remain some doubts whether the prognosis of RA has been improved by these drugs or not. The frequency of complete remission in RA patients and their special features were studied to know the real state of the remission of RA under the present treatments. The subjects under investigation were 466 RA patients who were treated with remission-inducing agents for one to eight years. There were 90 male and 376 female patients diagnosed as definite or classical RA. Complete remission according to ARA criteria (Pinals R.S. et al. 1981) was noted in 33 (7.1%) of the 466 patients. However, relapse of the disease activity was observed in five patients during an observation period of two years on average. The followings were noted as the clinical and laboratory features of 26 cases with complete remission which could be observed for more than six months. A breakdown on sex revealed that the remission rate was 13.3% in male patients, compared to 5.6% in female patients. Duration of the disease for these complete remission cases was shorter for males than for females. Clinical examination of the cases with complete remission revealed that the most of them had no family history of RA, as well as no rheumatoid nodule or hip contracture.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Frequency and prognostic features of rheumatoid patients with remission-inducing agents--a comparison of different kinds of medication]. 208 55

270 psoriatic arthritis patients were studied retrospectively. 65 patients of them were treated with aurothiomalate. The drug was effective in 62% of aurothiomalate treated patients, in 35% were registrated side effects. These data correspond to the experiences with gold salt treatment in rheumatoid arthritis. Exacerbation of skin manifestation, as a special side effect occurring in psoriatic arthritis patients treated with gold salts isn't a contraindication.
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PMID:[Gold salts in the treatment of psoriatic arthritis]. 232 Mar 70

Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP) is the major inhibitor of collagenase, gelatinase, proteoglycanase, stromelysin, and metalloelastases. An imbalance between proteases and inhibitors has been implicated in numerous disease processes including tumor invasion, rheumatoid arthritis, emphysema, and aortic aneurysm disease. The purpose of this investigation was to develop a polyclonal antibody to recombinant TIMP and establish an immunoassay to measure immunoreactive protein in normal and diseased tissues. A polyclonal antibody was produced in rabbit against recombinant human TIMP which was characterized and used to establish a radioimmunoassay. The assay was used to measure immunoreactive protein in fibroblast conditioned medium, human serum, and aortic extracts. There was more immunoreactive TIMP in matrix associated urea extracts than soluble salt extracts from human aorta, suggesting that TIMP is matrix associated. The sensitivity of the assay enables the specific measurement of this inhibitor in serum, fibroblast culture medium, and tissue extracts.
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PMID:Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteases (TIMP) is matrix associated in aortic tissue: report of a radioimmunoassay. 232 85

Amiprilose hydrochloride is a carbohydrate-derived, novel anti-inflammatory with potential application in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. A spectroscopy-based approach was undertaken to assign both the relative and absolute configuration of its five chiral centers. The fully assigned 13C and 1H NMR spectra of amiprilose hydrochloride was used to establish the relative stereochemistry of four of its five chiral centers held rigid in its furanose ring system. Parallel synthesis of the enantiomer of amiprilose hydrochloride from L-glucose was followed by CD spectropolarimetry to establish that no inversion of chiral centers had occurred in the synthesis. The hydrobromide salt of amiprilose and its enantiomer were prepared and, together with amiprilose hydrochloride, were crystallized. X-ray crystallographic analysis resulted in the assignment of the absolute configuration of all five chiral centers.
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PMID:Structure of amiprilose hydrochloride, a novel anti-inflammatory agent. 232 65

Several studies pointed out an altered stool pattern as the most common side effect of auranofin therapy. The major mechanism in the aetiology of auranofin-induced impairment in bowel habit seems to be the inhibition of Na+/K+ ATPase in the gut. In vitro experiments proved that auranofin can affect active bile acid (BA) reabsorption in rat terminal ileum; this action, due to the ability of the drug to reduce Na+ pump activity by inhibiting Na+/K+ ATPase, may make a significant contribution to the auranofin-induced diarrhoea. The ability of auranofin to reduce the Na+ gradient necessary for active BA reabsorption, however, could cause a decrease of serum BA levels in patients taking auranofin before or without the development of an overt diarrhoea. We measured fasting and postprandial serum conjugated BA levels in 10 female rheumatoid arthritis patients before and after one month and two months' auranofin treatment. No patient developed diarrhoea during the chrysotherapy. When oral gold salt therapy was started, we observed a slight decrease in serum BA levels, but difference was not statistically significant. We can conclude that auranofin therapy does not cause BA malabsorption in patients who do not develop diarrhoea during the treatment.
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PMID:Effect of oral gold salt therapy on bile acid absorption in rheumatoid arthritis patients. 233 51

Superoxide anion (O2-), generated and released by mononuclear phagocytes (M phi), plays significant roles in tissue damage accompanying inflammatory and immunological reactions. N-(2-carboxyphenyl)-4-chloroantranilic acid disodium salt (CCA), is a newly synthesized immunomodulator for which therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been reported. In this investigation, we have examined the effect of CCA on concanavalin A (Con A)-induced O2- release in human M phi. Exposure of M phi to Con A induced a large increase of O2- release. Preincubation of M phi with CCA suppressed O2- release induced by Con A almost to a control level. On the contrary, CCA itself did not have a significant effect on basal O2- release from M phi. These results indicate that the inhibition of O2- release from activated M phi may be an important factor in the anti-inflammatory effects of this drug.
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PMID:The effect of N-(2-carboxyphenyl)-4-chloroantranilic acid disodium salt (CCA) on concanavalin A-induced superoxide anion release in human mononuclear phagocytes. 302 65

The therapeutic efficacy of the immunomodulator OM-8980 in rheumatoid arthritis was compared with that of auranofin, an oral gold salt, in a double blind, randomised multicentre study lasting six months. Seventy patients were treated with auranofin and 75 with OM-8980. The patients of both groups improved significantly at three and six months for all the clinical parameters observed: Ritchie index, number of swollen joints, morning stiffness, pain, grip strength, intake of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. No serious side effects were observed in either group. The patients receiving auranofin had more adverse reactions, mainly affecting the gastrointestinal system.
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PMID:A double blind multicentre study of OM-8980 and auranofin in rheumatoid arthritis. 304 24

The present review concentrates on environmental factors which influence the outcome of peptic ulcer disease by acting from the outside. Endogenous risk factors, such as acid output, pepsin secretion and serum pepsinogen, gastritis and mucosal defense, blood group, and secretor status, are only dealt with when they help to explain the mechanism by which exogenous risk factors affect the upper gastrointestinal mucosa. After outlining the wax and wane of peptic ulcer, it is concluded that these changes resulted from similar temporal patterns of occupational workload in the general population. Cross sectional studies also support the contention of occupational workload being a risk factor in peptic ulcer, explaining several characteristic features of peptic ulcer, such as its sex, race, and social class distribution, increased incidence in immigrant workers, seasonal variation, healing by bed rest, and urban versus rural distribution. Susceptible subjects may react to a rise in occupational workload and acute exposure to stressful life events by increased gastric secretion which, in turn, leads to ulceration and symptoms. Cigarette smoking, intake of aspirin and related drugs, dietary salt, and alcohol abuse represent additional environmental risk factors, which form the etiologic link of the association of peptic ulcer with chronic lung disease, rheumatoid arthritis, hypertensive disease, and liver cirrhosis, respectively.
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PMID:Factors which influence the incidence and course of peptic ulcer. 307 62

Gold salt therapy-induced pneumonitis is a rare complication in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We studied HLA-A, B, C, D/DR, and complement factor B (Bf) and C4 alleles in 17 patients with RA and gold-induced pneumonitis and found that these patients had strikingly homogeneous major histocompatibility complex (MHC) markers. Eight of them (47 percent) had the alleles HLA-A3 B35 Dwl BfF C4A3,2 (BO), which were shown by family studies of some patients to be inherited as an extended MHC-haplotype with an apparent gene duplication in the C4A locus. The other high-risk phenotype, HLA-B40 with a C4 null allele, was found in eight patients (47 percent). All but three of the 17 patients had at least one of the two high-risk markers, the frequency of these combinations being clearly higher than in the two control groups: patients with RA but with no gold-induced side effects and healthy individuals. Our study shows that use of several MHC markers together results in a strong association between the markers and the disease.
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PMID:Patients with rheumatoid arthritis and gold-induced pneumonitis express two high-risk major histocompatibility complex patterns. 311 96


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