Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0003873 (rheumatoid arthritis)
 53,068 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

D-pencillamine, a stable not physiological amino acid, has a manifold mode of action. Of special importance there is its influence on the collagen-metabolism, the gelose of heavy metals and the effect on immunologic processes. The use of D-penicillamine is possible in different diseases, such as Wilson's syndrome, collagenoses of diverse kinds, especially the rheumatoid arthritis, further chronic hepatitis and lung fibrosis. In this paper we report about 52 children, who were treated with D-penicillamine. The biggest group presented chronic liver diseases in 24 patients and rheumaoid arthritis in 21 patients. The therapy was carried out for a longer time, in some cases over years. The dose varied from 15 to 35 mg/kg of body weight. The number of side-effects was lower in children than in adults. They were more frequent in the group of collagenoses than in the group of liver diseases. Whether later on liver damages will occur is not predictable by the pediatrician. The results were excellent for the chronic active hepatitis; we can recommend D-penicillamine for such affections. Also for the rheumatoid arthritis we could partially obtain good successes, but not as convincing as in liver-diseases.
 ...
PMID:[D-penicillamine in various diseases in childhood (author's transl)]. 46 39

In rheumatoid arthritis (RA) the synovial fluid lymphocyte count closely parallels the synovial fluid dialysable hydroxyproline, a marker of collagen resorption. This observation stresses the primordial role of lymphocytes in RA joint injury. The actual and eventually potential destruction of any single joint, as expressed by synovial fluid dialysable hydroxyproline levels, seems to reflect the general picture of disease activity as evaluated by the number of active joints (joint count), ESR and rheumatoid factor titres (latex fixation). Although urinary hydroxyproline levels are generally within the normal range in RA, they can be used as index of articular tissue destruction and as a parameter of overall disease activity when groups of patients are studied longitudinally in detail. The present study sheds no further light on the significance of synovial fluid and blood non-dialysable hydroxyproline levels.
 ...
PMID:Synovial fluid and serum hydroxyproline fractions in rheumatoid arthritis. 49 92

Sera from 23 patients with chronic low back pain, 20 rheumatoid patients and 16 normal controls were tested for antibodies to collagen types I, II and III, both native and denatured, by haemagglutination. Weak reactions against denatured collagen types I and II were found in 30-40% of the sera. Sera from individuals with rheumatoid arthritis or chronic low back pain behaved similarly, while only one normal serum showed any positive reaction. Reactions to denatured collagen type III and to native collagen of all 3 types were largely negative. Non-antibody serum components were thought to be responsible for these haemagglutination reactions since weakly positive reactions were abolished by cryoprecipitation and could not be confirmed by a solid-phase fluorimetric assay. Using the latter technique sera from 62 rheumatoid patients were screened for antibodies to type II collagen (native and denatured) and only one positive serum found. We conclude that haemagglutination is subject to false positive reactions and that the incidence of anticollagen antibodies in sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis or chronic low back pain is low.
 ...
PMID:Anomalous reactions in the haemagglutination assay for anti-collagen antibodies: studies on patients with rheumatoid arthritis or chronic low back pain. 51 69

1. Osteo-articular manifestations in the context of osteoarthropathia psoriatica are characterized by two completely different processes. 2. The intra-capsular synovitis does not differ qualitatively in respect to twelve morphological characteristics from that of rheumatoid arthritis. Only RA-necroses never occur in psoriatic arthritis. 3. The extra-capsular process occurs at the compact as well as the spongy bone of the phalanges. The process shows no sign of a previous or current inflammation or of osteoclast activity. It is characterized by a focal loss of proteoglycan interstitial substance and the exposure of the collagen fiber matrix. 4. This focal proteoglycan loss sets off a process which takes place in four phases: a) Loss of proteoglycan interstitial substance and exposure of the preserved collagen fiber matrix of the bone. b) Deposition of osteoblast chains to the area of the exposed bone and formation of osteoid within the old collagen fiber framework. c) Remodelling of bone defects through filling in of the preserved collagen fiber matrix with newly formed woven bone. d) Reconstruction of this bone into lamellar bone, whereby excessive bone structure ("protuberances") may develop, but final balance of bone remains negative. 5. The described process, which begins with proteoglycan loss, is considered as an enzymatic disturbance, which is causatively connected to the skin process. Scintigraphic examinations indicate that this extra-articular process in the bone, in contrast to arthritis, in part clinically unobserved, is to a high percentage connected to the skin process and is, therefore, probably an integral part of psoriatic disease.
 ...
PMID:Extra-articular processes in osteoarthropathia psoriatica. 52 25

Although D-Penicillamine (D-PeA) administration is getting popular in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the mechanism by which D-PeA produced therapeutic effect has not been fully elucidated. D-PeA had been shown to exert an antivitamine B6 effect. However, it has not been precisely confirmed if clinical dose of D-PeA induces vitamine B6 (VB6) deficiency. In order to clarify these questions, biochemical analyses of bone and skin collagens and determination of VB6 content in soft tissues have been performed in the rats administrated therapeutic dose of D-PeA. VB6 deficiency was not observed in the brain and skin from rats fed on normal diet containing D-PeA (13.0--33.5 mg/kg wt). There were no significant changes in the stability of collagen from bone and skin. On the other hand, significant VB6 deficiency and reduced stability of collagen were observed in rats fed on VB6 deficient diet containing the same amount of D-PeA. Aldehyde formation of collagen molecule and cross-link formation of collagen were also found to be suppressed. The same results were obtained from analyses in rats fed on VB6 deficient diet without D-PeA administration. These data indicate that D-PeA is not capable of producing VB6 deficiency in the dosage employed in patients. However, in the treatment for patients who are not taking enough nutrition, the possibility of VB6 deficiency can not be neglected. Once VB6 deficiency is induced by D-PeA administration, severe connective tissue disorder may be produced, since VB6 is required for enzymic activity of lysyl oxidase. It is unlikely that the therapeutic effects of D-PeA in the treatment of RA are produced the the disturbance of collagen cross-link formation as discussed before. Immunologic reactions of D-PeA may play more important role in the improvement of clinical symptoms of this disease.
 ...
PMID:[Effect of D-penicillamine on vitamine B6 and collagen metabolism (author's transl)]. 52 98

The inflammatory role of immune complexes trapped in joint collagenous tissues has been investigated. Joint collagenous tissues obtained from rabbits with antigen-induced arthritis generated mediators of acute inflammation when incubated with fresh normal rabbit serum as a source of complement. The role of trapped immune complexes in chronic inflammation was also studied by the surgical insertion of menisci, obtained from arthritic and control joints, into the suprapatellar pouches of previously immunized or naive recipient animals. It was shown that when immune complex containing menisci were inserted into immune rabbits, a chronic inflammatory capsule developed around the donor tissue, reminiscent of the inflammatory pannus seen in rheumatoid cartilage. Normal menisci and immune complex containing menisci inserted in naive animals developed capsules rich in fibroplasts and collagen fibres. Since we have previously shown the presence of immune complexes in the great majority of joint collagenous tissues obtained from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, our results suggest that these complexes may play a role in the formation of pannus, which constitutes a major mechanism responsible for cartilage destruction.
 ...
PMID:The inflammatory role of immune complexes trapped in joint collagenous tissues. 58 61

Punch biopsy specimens from the cartilage of the lateral condyle of the femur in 29 patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis were taken during surgical synovectomy of knee joints and investigated by light or electron microscopy. Eleven patients had never received osmic acid injections in this particular joint, whereas 18 had had such injections 1-24 months prior to surgery. By light microscopy only minor differences could be seen between controls and cartilage treated with osmic acid, whereas with electron microscopy, increased amounts of dark-staining cell debris were visible in samples taken after osmic acid treatment. The perilacunar matrix appeared normal. There was no irregularity of collagen fibres at the surface of the cartilage. It is concluded that osmic acid causes limited superficial damage to the cartilage. The question whether this is of any clinical consequence in the form of subsequent degenerative joint disease, must be solved by clinical follow-up studies.
 ...
PMID:Morphological findings in joint cartilage after osmic acid treatment. 60 91

Connective tissue fibroblasts undergo cytopathic degenerative changes during certain long-term inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis. The failure of inflamed tissues to repair properly may result from functional alterations of fibroblasts within the affected tissues. Numerous previous studies indicate that direct cytotoxicity by bacterial or other substances may be responsible for the cellular alterations observed in vivo. We have tested this hypothesis by exposing cultures of human diploid fibroblasts to homogenates of Actinomyces viscosus (a microorganism associated with periodontitis and capable of causing other chronic inflammatory diseases) and analyzing the effects on cell viability, morphology, and function. The cells bind and subsequently engulf relatively large quantities of the bacterial substances. These substances do not appear to be toxic to fibroblasts as determined by 51Cr release and microcytotoxicity assays, although there is a slight but significant decrease in protein synthesis (P less than 0.01) as measured by the incorporation of [14C]proline. However, collagen production was not altered, and the cytopathic alterations observed in diseased tissues in vivo did not occur in the exposed cells. These findings suggest that A. viscosus substances do not directly cause injury to connective tissue fibroblasts in periodontal disease but may, through cell-surface binding, mark these cells for subsequent immune-mediated damage.
 ...
PMID:Morphological features and functional properties of human fibroblasts exposed to Actinomyces viscosus substances. 62 91

The leucocytes of 22 patients with classic rheumatoid arthritis were investigated with the direct leucocyte migration inhibition technique in agarose as described by Clausen. The leucocytes of 9 patients with degenerative joint diseases and of 9 healthy persons served as controls. Collagen type I and collagen type III were used as antigens. The leucocytes of 22 patients with rheumatoid arthritis showed in 15 cases a migration inhibition with collagen type III and in 10 cases with collagen type I. The inhibition with collagen type III was stronger and more frequent than with collagen type I. The frequent leucocyte migration inhibition with collagen type III in classic rheumatoid arthritis seems to be an expression of possible cell mediated reactivity against that type of collagen which appears especially in rheumatoid synovial tissue.
 ...
PMID:Leucocyte migration inhibition with collagen type I and collagen type III in rheumatoid arthritis and degenerative joint diseases. 63 69

Twenty-seven synovial fluids from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and 17 synovial fluids from controls were investigated in a new radioimmunoassay for anticollagen antibodies. In vitro labeled human 14C-collagen of type I in native or denatured state was used as antigen. Passive hemagglutination was used in comparison. Parameters for defining positive results in radioimmunoassay were evaluated on the basis of control synovial fluids. Synovial fluids from 20 RA patients (74%) showed antibodies to denatured collagen; synovial fluids from 8 RA patients (30%) also demonstrated antibodies to native collagen. Control fluids of posttraumatic effusions were negative; among the other controls synovial fluid from 1 psoriatic arthritis patient reacted positively. Inhibition experiments showed that antibodies to denatured collagen cross-reacted with native collagen. Inhibition with human denatured type III collagen displayed strong cross-reactivity of anti-type I collagen antibodies with type III collagen.
 ...
PMID:Demonstration of anticollagen antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluids by 14C-radioimmunoassay. 63 91


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>