Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0003873 (rheumatoid arthritis)
 53,068 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Seventy patients, averaging 82 years of age, were referred for low back pain and/or a suspected herniated disk. Objective neurological deficits consistent with L5 or S1 root involvement were identified in 5 of the 70 patients. Trochanteric bursitis (TB), often mimicking radiculitis, was diagnosed in 31 patients. Trochanteric bursitis was associated with lumbosacral strain and lumbar osteoarthrosis in 21 of 31 patients and with an S1 disk in 1 of those 31 patients. Degenerative joint disease of the ipsilateral hip was present in 4 of 20 of these patients with TB. Six patients with low back pain had both hip and knee arthritis (including two patients with rheumatoid arthritis). Three patients had degenerative hip disease without low back complaints. The remaining patient had TB associated with left hemiparesis. All patients had limitation of lumbosacral motion. Patients with arthritic hips had apparent shortening of the affected leg of one-half inch or greater. Trochanteric bursitis is a common complication of lumbosacral strain, frequently mimicking radiculopathy. Gait alteration associated with back pain or static traction on gluteal musculature during rest therapy may be predisposing factors. The association of TB with hip disease and/or leg length discrepancies was again confirmed.
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PMID:Pseudo-radiculopathy in subacute trochanteric bursitis of the subgluteus maximus bursa. 13 52

1 Nine patients with rheumatoid arthritis or non-inflammatory backache were given soluble aspirin (65 mg/kg body weight) daily. There was no significant difference between the plasma salicylate of those with rheumatoid arthritis and those with backache. 2 Two patients had plasma salicylate values that differed significantly from the remainder but neither these results nor the marginal differences between plasma salicylate levels of the others could be explained by individual variations in the capacity for excreting salicyluric acid or salicyl phenolic glucuronide. 3 Increasing the dose of aspirin in four patients demonstrated the reduced proportions of salicyluric acid and salicyl phenolic glucuronide excreted at high doses and the increased importance of unchanged salicylic acid as an excretory pathway. These findings are consistent with a limiting capacity for salicyluric acid and salicyl phenolic glucuronide synthesis and excretion. 4 The findings in one patient suggested that inter-subject variations in the capacity for producing salicyl phenolic glucuronide and salicyluric acid may have an effect on plasma salicylate levels at high doses of aspirin.
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PMID:Kinetics of salicylate metabolism. 13 63

Recent developments in genetic tissue typing have altered concepts of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) or variants of this spondylitic arthritis. It is now apparent that AS is separate and distinct from rheumatoid arthritis; and the term "rheumatoid" should be avoided except as it applies to the latter, usually characterized by rheumatoid factor or nodules and symmetrical arthritis of peripheral joints. Classical definitions of AS require X-ray evidence of sacroiliitis and/or restriction of chest expansion. Recent studies suggest that many patients, especially women, may have symptoms of AS without typical roentgenographic or clinical findings. Use of the HL-A B27 genetic test is useful for identifying AS patients. Radioisotope bone or joint scanning techniques further augment present diagnostic capabilities. Atypical AS may be a very common form of morbidity among patients with back pain in the United States. Since patients have a tendency to form osseous reankylosis after total hip replacement, it is especially important for orthopedic surgeons to identify incipient AS and related disorders. Inappropriate treatment or procedures may be avoided by use of these newer clinical tools in the evaluation of patients with chronic back or skeletal pain.
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PMID:Ankylosing spondylitis and its variants. A review of recent developments for orthopedic surgeons. 60 74

The paper is based on discussions which took place in a seminar at the European League against Rheumatism Meeting in Helsinki in 1975. The importance of assessing the emotional response in rheumatoid disease, as well as the disease process, is stressed. It is important to consider the effect of the discovery by the patient that severe disease is present. Considerable support by general practitioners and consultants may be necessary at this time. There has been much discussion as to whether patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis have a different type of personality than other subjects. The evidence is not convincing. The role of stress in the aetiology of rheumatoid arthritis is not properly understood. Anxiolytic and antidepressant drugs may help patients to overcome the anxiety and depression associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Children suffering from the disease present a special problem. The incapacity and isolation, especially in old age, which osteo-arthritis brings may lead to depression and antidepressant therapy is often required. When rheumatic pain seems out of proportion to the physical findings, psychogenic rheumatism should be considered. Rheumatic pains occur in masked depression and low backache may be a depressive equivalent. Pain may be used by some patients to communicate distress.
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PMID:Psyche and rheuma. 108 66

We compared the self-reported illnesses (heart disease, back pain, rheumatoid arthritis, hypertension, and pulmonary disease) and smoking histories of 100 cases and 100 controls matched for age and sex with reports of this information from proxy informants from the same household in two areas in the city of Beirut. In addition, both cases and controls were given physical examinations to evaluate the accuracy of the responses. The level of agreement between the responses of subjects and of their informants varied from one condition to the other. Heart disease had the highest level of agreement, with the proportion of agreement greater than 93% for the cases and the controls and having chi values of 0.79 and 1.0, respectively. The report of back pain exhibited the lowest level of agreement, with responses showing a proportion of agreement of 74% for the cases and 90% for the controls, with chi values of 0.49 and 0.50, respectively. In comparing the responses of subjects and proxy informants with the results of physical examinations, heart disease had the highest level of agreement (J index ranged from 0.69 to 0.84), and back pain had the lowest level of agreement (J index ranged 0.42 to 0.48). These results show that proxy informants are good respondents for members of the same household and that health interview surveys are accurate for data collection of well defined chronic conditions.
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PMID:Reliability and validity of self and proxy reporting of morbidity data: a case study from Beirut, Lebanon. 138 64

Generalized tendomyopathy (GTM), or fibromyalgia (FM), is a disease characterized by wide-spread pain in the musculoskeletal system which usually begins at a single site, e.g., as low-back pain or cervical syndrome, and develops into generalized pain over months or years. The disorder affects primarily women, beginning around the age of 35 and reaching its peak during or after the menopause. Its etiology is still unknown. Secondary forms are observed particularly in rheumatoid arthritis. In order to get more information on FM we determined the local metabolic rate of glucose in vivo in the skeletal muscle (lumbar region) with dynamic 18F-FDG positron emission tomography (PET). 2 healthy volunteers and 6 female patients with FM reaching in age from 31 to 53 years were scanned. As 18F-FDG PET scanning is a metabolic tool, it is crucial to observe standardized conditions of metabolic steady-state. We used, therefore, the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic insulin clamp technique to stimulate the myogenic glucose uptake under stable plasma-glucose levels. The local metabolic rates of glucose utilization were estimated with a non-linear least squares fit on the 3 compartment 18F-FDG-model. A lumped constant of 0.67 was assumed. Under glucose clamp conditions patients with FM showed a significantly (p < 0.001) lower metabolic rate of glucose (4.3 +/- 1.1) mumol/100 g tissue/min compared with normal volunteers (8.5 +/- 2.3 mumol/100 g/min). Due to a significantly (p < 0.005) increased glucose backflow from tissue into the vascular space (k2 in the kinetic model) the rate of phosphorylation was markedly reduced in patients with FM.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Determination of regional rate of glucose metabolism in lumbar muscles in patients with generalized tendomyopathy using dynamic 18F-FDG PET]. 147 8

During the last few years epidemiologic research on rheumatic diseases in the Federal Republic of Germany has been sponsored, primarily, by the Ministry of Research and Technology. The projects, either completed, ongoing or planned, concentrate on health services research, population studies of the prevalence of specific diseases or complaints (rheumatoid arthritis, back pain, juvenile chronic arthritis, osteoarthritis) and clinical epidemiology, especially concerning early arthritis. As a result of the general shortage of public funds, less projects could be sponsored than expected. The aim of the Ministry to establish research organizations that will continue to exist even if public funding is curtailed seems to be jeopardized. Therefore, not only the federal government, but also the federal states and institutions like the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft should be engaged in this field. More groups should have the opportunity to work in epidemiology of rheumatic diseases, and groups which are able to work in close connection with basic scientists and rheumatological clinicians should be institutionally affiliated on a permanent basis. This is critical for the further development of this discipline which is important for health services research, quality assurance, as well as for analytical research and prevention.
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PMID:[Epidemiology of rheumatic diseases in the German Federal Republic-- current state and perspectives]. 157 31

The purpose of this examination was to examine the practising physiotherapist's way of treating patients with nine selected diagnoses (fibrosites, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, cervical slipped disc, lumbar slipped disc, generalized lumbar/back pain, generalized bursitis, generalized tendinitis, and sprains). In addition, nine different forms of therapy were examined (hot packs, infra-red light, ice packs, short waves, microwaves, diadynamic current, ultrasound, transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation and laser). All in all, 41 clinics with 2,018 treatment confrontations in the examination period, the last week of March 1990, took part in the survey. The majority of therapists were in possession of short wave, hot packs, ultrasound and laser which are also the four forms of therapy most frequently used for treatment. Compared to a Swedish examination from 1979, there is a doubling in ultrasound treatments from 24% to 48%, while the amount of short wave and microwave treatment remained unchanged. There was a remarkable variation in the physiotherapist's choice of therapy in each different diagnosed case. This can be due to the lack of specification of the diagnosis, so that different symptoms, course and stage of illness changed the treatment pattern elected.
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PMID:[Use of thermotherapy, ultrasound and laser by practising physiotherapists. Physiotherapists' choice of treatment]. 159 17

Tenoxicam administered orally, rectally or parenterally is an effective analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent for the symptomatic treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and various rheumatic conditions such as tendinitis, bursitis, sciatica, back pain and gouty arthritis. In clinical trials its efficacy is at least equivalent to that of other NSAIDs and it is at least as well tolerated as piroxicam and probably better tolerated than diclofenac, indomethacin and ketoprofen. Compared with many other NSAIDs, tenoxicam offers certain advantages in that it is conveniently administered once daily and dosage adjustment is not required in the elderly or in patients with renal or hepatic impairment.
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PMID:Tenoxicam. An update of its pharmacology and therapeutic efficacy in rheumatic diseases. 171 63

Many difficulties were encountered in a population survey of rheumatic complaints in a remote village area in the Philippines affecting the reliability of estimates of population prevalence. In phase I, a simple questionnaire identified 269 adults out of 950 who had rheumatic symptoms. In Phase II, 234 or 87% of positive respondents were requestioned using a more detailed pro forma. There were 196 with peripheral joint pain, 67 with neck pain and 137 with back pain. One third attributed their symptoms to work and 127 subjects had to stop work because of their complaints. Disability, including an inability to carry loads, affected nearly 1.8% of the population. Questions designed to detect rheumatoid arthritis and gout were not satisfactorily answered. Of those with complaints, 82% indicated that they still required help for their symptoms. In phase III, 166 subjects were medically examined. Osteoarthritis of the knee was found in 25 and 17 had Heberden's nodes. There were 16 with epicondylitis; 16 had rotator cuff pain and 35 had levator scapulae insertion pain. Three of these and three others had neck or shoulder swellings related to carrying loads on poles. Definite rheumatoid arthritis was diagnosed in two subjects and gout in five. No case of ankylosing spondylitis was identified. Thus, rheumatic complaints were common in this rural community and were frequently severe enough to cause disability and loss of time from work. Health worker education is required on how to handle these problems.
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PMID:Rheumatic disease in a Philippine village. II: a WHO-ILAR-APLAR COPCORD study, phases II and III. 178 84


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