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Query: UMLS:C0003873 (rheumatoid arthritis)
 53,068 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Criteria for the specific diagnoses of the several arthritides, on the basis of exfoliative cytology examination of fluids aspirated from diseased joints, were derived from examinations of 126 specimens of synovial fluid. They were screened cytologically and wholly on the basis of the cytological findings were classified into seven groups: rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, traumatic arthritis, gouty arthritis, Reiter's syndrome, pigmented villonodualr synovitis, and septic arthritis. The cytological features of each group appeared relatively constant and reproducible. Subsequent comparison of the clinical and cytological diagnoses showed excellent correlation.
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PMID:Exfoliative cytology interpretation of synovial fluid in joint disease. 17 26

Septic arthritis is a well recognized complication of rheumatoid arthritis (British Medical Journal, 1976; Mitchell et al., 1976), particularly after joint replacement (Freeman, 1976). We report here infection with an unusual organism--Salmonella typhimurium.
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PMID:Salmonella typhimurium arthritis in rheumatoid disease. 33 39

A patient with moderately severe rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes mellitus receiving steroids developed septic arthritis due to Serratia marcescens. Treatment with a new cephalosporin analogue, intra-articular and intramuscular gentamicin, and chloramphenicol alone and in combination proved ineffective. Finally, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy, given for a protracted period, eradicated the infection without the need for surgical drainage.
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PMID:Medical treatment of Serratia arthritis with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. 35 87

A patient with rheumatoid arthritis treated with corticosteroids developed a septic arthritis of her right knee. She had been bitten on her right leg by her pet cat 2 weeks earlier. Pasteurella multocida, resistant to penicillin, was isolated from the septic joint and from the oropharynx of the cat. The arthritis was successfully treated with ampicillin. No attempt to eradicate the organism from the cat was made because of the expectation of early recolonisation.
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PMID:Septic arthritis due to Pasteurella multocida complicating rheumatoid arthritis. 49 55

Nitroblue tetrazolium test scores were obtained in 43 patients with psoriatic arthritis, 32 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and 16 patients with osteoarthrosis. The mean score in all groups was similar and was higher than previously reported in patients awaiting heart surgery or with noninfective dermatoses. The test is not thought to be helpful in differentiating psoriatic arthritis from rheumatoid arthritis, and its usefulness in the diagnosis of septic arthritis superimposed on other forms of arthropathy is limited.
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PMID:Nitroblue tetrazolium test in psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoarthrosis. 68 69

The systematic examination of synovial fluid confirms the noninflammatory nature of degenerative joint disease, is diagnostic of gout, pseudogout, and septic arthritis, and will usually allow the identification of rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and Reiter's syndrome.
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PMID:Current concepts in synovial fluid analysis. 72 54

Eighteen cases of long-standing rheumatoid arthritis and superimposed pyarthrosis were reviewed to determine the most distinguishing radiographic features. Soft-tissue changes allowed earlier diagnosis in the knee and ankle joints and consisted of large asymmetrical joint effusion and fat-pad edema. Bony articular changes were more helpful than soft-tissue changes in the wrist and hip because of the paucity of adjacent extracapsular fat and were associated with delayed radiographic recognition of superimposed pyarthrosis. These changes are presumptive evidence of complicating septic arthritis and their presence necessitates needle aspiration and culture of the joint for proper definitive treatment.
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PMID:Septic arthritis: a complication of rheumatoid arthritis. 83 Mar 30

Lysozyme and lactoferrin levels were measured in 71 synovial fluids (SF) of patients with traumatic effusions, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, pseudogout, septic arthritis, and gout, as well as in 91 synovial fluids graded according to their neutrophil count. Elevated lysozyme levels were found in all the inflammatory arthritides and also in osteoarthritis. Lactoferrin levels were not increased in osteoarthritis but displayed a close correlation to the extent of the inflammatory response as judged by SF neutrophilia. The ratio of lysozyme to lactoferrin decreased progressively with increasing SF neutrophilia. In vitro experiments showed that lactoferrin is released from neutrophils isochronously with lysozyme and beta-glucuronidase. Lactoferrin was not found in hyaline cartilage, a tissue known to contain lysozyme. These results are consistent with belief that SF lysozyme has a major derivation from both cartilage and neutrophils, and that lactoferrin arises only from neutrophils. These findings indicate that the simultaneous measurement of lysozyme and lactoferrin provides a potentially useful index of both joint inflammation and cartilage degradation.
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PMID:Lactoferrin and lysozyme levels in synovial fluid: differential indices of articular inflammation and degradation. 83 40

The sesamoids generally appear as small ovoid bones adjacent to articulations or at sites where tendons are angled about osseous surfaces. At either location they participate in joint afflictions, the pattern of abnormality being remarkably constant and predictable. Sesamoids may demonstrate osseous erosion in rheumatoid arthritis, bony proliferation or "whiskering" in rheumatoid variants, joint space narrowing and bony ankylosis in septic arthritis, and eburnation and osteophyte formation in osteoarthritis and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis. These changes become particularly important when they occur in the absence of significant adjacent articular disease. In these instances, recognition of sesamoid abnormalities allows accurate radiographic diagnosis.
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PMID:The sesamoid bones of the hands and feet: participators in arthritis. 84 74

The American Rheumatism Association sub-committe on classification criteria for gout analyzed data from more than 700 patients with gout, pseudogout, rheumatoid arthritis, or septic arthritis. Criteria for classifying a patient as having gout were a) the presence of characteristic urate crystals in the joint fluid, and/or b) a topus proved to contain urate crystals by chemical or polarized light microscopic means, and/or c) the presence of six of the twelve clinical, laboratory, and X-ray phenomena listed in Table 5.
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PMID:Preliminary criteria for the classification of the acute arthritis of primary gout. 85 19


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