Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0003873 (rheumatoid arthritis)
 53,068 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Free and bound fractions of salicylates were separated by equilibrium dialysis and measured by spectrofluorimetry in 27 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and in 16 controls. The results showed that in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, the binding of salicylate to proteins decreased in an overproportional manner with the decrease of serum albumin concentrations. This phenomenon was linked with the severity of the inflammatory syndrome. The saturation binding capacity per unit of protein concentration was lower in the patients suffering from active forms of the condition, a finding which suggests that the changes observed are not due only to quantitative changes in the serum albumins. This study confirms the importance of determining free salicylate concentrations in the treatment of patients with inflammatory diseases.
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PMID:Decrease of in vitro serum protein binding of salicylate in rheumatoid arthritis. 674 2

The occurrence and morphology of flare-up of arthritis after intravenous (i.v.) antigen administration was investigated in mice with on-going antigen-induced arthritis (AIA). Intravenous injection of 300 micrograms methylated bovine serum albumin (mBSA) in mice with unilateral arthritis induced by mBSA, elicited 6 weeks previously, caused clear flare-up of the smouldering joint inflammation without affecting the contralateral non-arthritic knee joint. Histological signs of the flare-up reaction were already present at 6 hr after i.v. challenge and lasted for at least 4 days. Characteristic features are the presence of large numbers of granulocytes just beneath the synovial lining layer, inflammatory foci in adjacent periarticular tissues, and deposits of fibrin-like material in the joint space. Variations in the severity of the preceding arthritis and in the interval (4-12 weeks) between AIA induction and i.v. challenge had no major influence on the occurrence and degree of the flare-up phenomenon. Since exacerbations of joint inflammation are seen in rheumatoid arthritis, this phenomenon may be of importance in this disease.
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PMID:Exacerbation of antigen-induced arthritis after challenge with intravenous antigen. 684 Aug 3

The effects of chrysotherapy on various immunological parameters were studied in 60 cases of rheumatoid arthritis, either classical or as defined by the ARA. There was a significant fall in serum immunoglobulin levels and in rheumatoid factor. The serum levels of C3 and C4 did not show any significant modifications. At the same time, the serum albumin level rose, suggesting that gold salts do not inhibit protein synthesis. There was a reduction in the total number of leukocytes, affecting lymphocytes more than polymorphs. Finally, there was no significant modification of the response to mitogenes during chrysotherapy. The increase in the lymphocyte response to PHA coincided with improvement in the disease.
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PMID:[Effects of chrysotherapy on various immunological parameters in rheumatoid polyarthritis]. 687 93

The solid phase Cl1-binding assay has been adapted to an enzymatic micromethod in which alkaline phosphatase labeled soluble Staphylococcus aureus protein A is used in place of the second antibody. The assay, which is run in microtiter plates, provides a rapid, sensitive (0.030 mg/ml of human heat-aggregated IgG detected) and reproducible method for the measurement of soluble immune complexes in a large number of samples. Soluble immune complexes prepared in vitro with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and anti-BSA antibodies on a wide range of antigen to antibody ratios were all detected with this method. When applied to the screening of unselected patient sera, soluble immune complexes were frequently found in systemic lupus erythematosus (52%) and chronic active hepatitis (57%) and in lower percentages in patients with malignant melanoma (28%), rheumatoid arthritis (30%) and essential mixed cryoglobulinemia (17%).
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PMID:A Clq solid phase microenzymatic assay for the detection of soluble immune complexes. 697 86

Synovitis was induced in rabbits sensitized to bovine serum albumin (BSA) by a modification of the method of Dumonde and Glynn. Agents were administered starting on the day of initial BSA joint challenge and every weekday (14-17 doses) for 17 to 21 day periods. Synovial tissues were then excised and evaluated either (1) histologically for inflammatory cell infiltration, or (2) both histologically and for total IgG, anti-BSA, and beta-glucuronidase levels in homogenates of portions of the same tissues. By the intraperitoneal and oral routes, methylprednisolone (1 mg/kg/day), azathioprine (25-40 mg/kg/day) and cyclophosphamide (10 mg/kg/day) produced significantly decreases of 40-100% in some or all of the parameters measured. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, including phenylbutazone, ibuprofen and acetylsalicylic acid at oral doses of 75 or 100 mg/kg/day, were ineffective as were colchicine at 1 mg/kg/day and indomethacin at 5 mg/kg/day. Thus, as we have measured it, this model of rheumatoid arthritis is not affected by those agents considered to be of limited effectiveness in this chronic disease, but is ameliorated by corticoids and some slow acting agents.
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PMID:Chronic immune synovitis in rabbits. II. Modulation by anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic agents. 697 4

IgG rheumatoid factors were demonstrated by enzyme immunoassay using, as antigen, goat antibodies to human serum albumin in the form of immune complexes. Elevated levels of IgG rheumatoid factor were noted in the majority of patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis but also relatively often in normal blood donors. Reactivity of IgG rheumatoid factor was in most instances inhibitable by IgG from various species, including man. Exceptionally, restricted specificity towards IgG from bovidae, was recognized.
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PMID:IgG rheumatoid factor. Detection by enzyme immunoassay in rheumatoid arthritis and normal subjects. 703 86

Pharmacokinetic data for diclofenac sodium has been well established in healthy volunteers, whereas in patients with rheumatoid arthritis very little information is available in the literature. A single oral dose of enteric-coated diclofenac sodium was given to 10 patients with active rheumatoid disease, adopting the same procedures used for a group of 10 healthy volunteers in whom pharmacokinetic data was already available. Plasma specimens were collected over a period of 8h following administration and concentrations of diclofenac determined by GLC. Resulting plasma concentration curves were similar to those obtained in the healthy subjects in that areas under curves and terminal half-lives were comparable. However, peak concentrations of diclofenac were significantly reduced in the rheumatoid patients. The lower peak concentrations were correlated with the lower serum albumin levels in the patients which are associated with active rheumatoid disease.
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PMID:The pharmacokinetics of diclofenac sodium in patients with active rheumatoid disease. 705 79

Protein binding of salicylates was determined in 16 control subjects and 27 patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. Results obtained after separation of the free and bound fractions by dialysis to equilibrium and measured by spectrofluorometry were analyzed using a new mathematical model. In correlation with the decrease in plasma albumin concentrations, a decrease was found in the protein binding of salicylates in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. This phenomenon was less marked in therapeutic zones and was related to the degree of severity of the inflammatory syndrome. The binding capacity per albumin molecule at saturation was decreased in patients suffering from advanced forms, suggesting that the changes seen were not due solely to quantitative variations in serum albumin levels. This study confirms the value of the determination of free salicylate levels in patients suffering from inflammatory rheumatic disorders.
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PMID:[Protein binding of salicylates in rheumatoid arthritis]. 711 23

Synovial fluids and paired sera taken from patients either before, after or at the time of diagnosis of definite rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were compared with samples from patients with unclassified inflammatory arthropathies (IA). Raised levels of immune complexes (IC) were detected in some RA patients by C1q binding activity but in the majority of both RA and IA patients by the platelet aggregation test; levels were usually higher in joint fluids than in sera. IgM rheumatoid factors (RF) and IgA RFs were lower in synovial fluids but IgF RF levels were similar in matched samples. Synovial fluid to serum albumin ratios were used to estimate synovial permeability (inflammation) and then to calculate which patients synthesized macromolecules locally in the synovium. Local synthesis of RFs was detected in a greater proportion of RA than IA patients and only two patients formed RFs locally in the first months of symptoms. Half the patients in both groups however appeared to synthesize or trap IC constituents and in many patients there was evidence of local synthesis within 6 months after their symptoms had started. We conclude that local synthesis of large amounts of RFs is uncommon in the early stages of RA but that IC of unknown composition are synthesized or localized in the affected joints of many patients with RA and inflammatory arthropathies shortly after their symptoms appear.
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PMID:Immune complexes in early arthritis. II. Immune complex constituents are synthesized in the synovium before rheumatoid factors. 712 2

A solid-phase radioimmunoassay capable of detecting nanogram quantities of human IgM rheumatoid factor (RF) in biologic fluids has been developed. Binding curves for monoclonal IgM RF and polyclonal IgM rheumatoid factors were similar under the conditions utilized for the assay. Human IgG did not interfere with the detection of IgM RF by this method. Small quantities (less than or equal to 0.2%) of nonspecific binding by nonRF IgM to the human IgG coated tubes utilized in the assay were corrected for by assaying samples in parallel bovine serum albumin coated control tubes. As expected, patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) had significantly higher concentrations of IgM RF than seronegative RA patients (mean +/- 1 SD = 652 +/- 553 microgram/ml versus 11.3 +/- 13.3 microgram/ml, P less than 0.001). In contrast, all normal control sera assayed to date contained less than 0.1 microgram/ml of IgM RF. The capacity of the assay to detect nanogram quantities of IgM RF should permit investigation of the cellular mechanisms underlying RF production.
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PMID:A sensitive radioimmunoassay for quantitation of IgM rheumatoid factor. 736 81


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