Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0003864 (arthritis)
 69,039 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In these studies we investigated the modifying effect of sex hormones on both the levels of induced antibodies after immunization with single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and the levels of spontaneously produced anti-T cell antibodies (NTA). To learn whether the responses were genetically determined or under hormonal regulation, we analyzed hybrids produced by crossing the autoimmune NZB strain with the nonautoimmune DBA/2 strain. For both anti-ssDNA and NTA, males usually had a lower response than females; this difference could largely be removed by castration of the males. Females given testosterone implants also had decreased antibody levels. The higher responses in females and suppression by testosterone were true for all mice studied except NZB mice. NZB mice appear to have an insensitivity to the suppressive effects of testosterone.
Arthritis Rheum 1979 Nov
PMID:Studies of the effects of sex hormones on autosomal and X-linked genetic control of induced and spontaneous antibody production. 31 76

Investigators from this laboratory have been studying sex hormones in normal and autoimmune mice for the past 10 years. We have found that immune responses to DNa are influenced by sex hormones. Androgens reduce and estrogens increase both spontaneous and immunization-induced antibodies to single-stranded DNA in NZB X NZW, NZB X C3H, NZB X CBA, NZB X DBA mice. Treatment of female NZB/W mice with testosterone or 5 alpha dihydrotestosterone retards the progress of autoimmunity. Castration is not necessary for this effect. In contrast, danazol has no favorable effect on the disease process. Estrogens cause a marked acceleration of autoimmunity and a reduction in thymus weight. During the course of these studies, we found that a number of problems or variables arise in studying sex hormone effects, including: 1) X-linked genes, 2) metabolism of testosterone to estrogens, 3) dose of hormone, 4) age at which administration is initiated, 5) differential effects of sex hormones on different autoantibodies and various immune responses.
Arthritis Rheum 1979 Nov
PMID:Approach to the study of the role of sex hormones in autoimmunity. 50 71

Immunization of DBA/1 mice with type II collagen within complete Freund's adjuvant leads to arthritis, lasting more than 3 months. Injection of anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) IgG, 2 and 3 weeks after immunization prevented the development of arthritis in the following months. This treatment had no effect when started 2 months after induction of the disease. A soluble form of the human recombinant TNF receptor type-beta (rsTNFR-beta), continuously infused at a rate of 20 micrograms/day during the second and third week after immunization, also had a long-term protective effect. Anti-TNF antibody had no effect upon the production of anti-type II collagen antibodies. These results indicate that TNF is critically involved in an early phase of this arthritis.
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PMID:Evolution of collagen arthritis in mice is arrested by treatment with anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) antibody or a recombinant soluble TNF receptor. 133 34

In order to study how inflammatory cells including autoimmune lymphocytes interact with each other to develop collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), we injected monoclonal antibodies against mouse LFA-1 and ICAM-1 into DBA/1 mice immunized with type II collagen (CII). Both antibodies suppressed the development of CIA. These antibodies showed no effect on anti-CII antibody response, although they both significantly suppressed DTH response. It was suggested that anti-adhesion molecule antibodies suppress CIA mainly through their effect on cell-mediated immunity, without affecting humoral immunity under the conditions used.
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PMID:The effect of anti-adhesion molecule antibody on the development of collagen-induced arthritis. 135 82

A synthetic peptide representing sequences of type II collagen, (CII 245-270), has previously been used to induce tolerance and suppress arthritis in DBA/1 mice. To determine important residues, a series of peptides, each containing one or two site-directed substitutions, was generated. Mononuclear cells from DBA/1 mice immunized with CII were cultured in the presence of each peptide and the T cell response determined by measuring IFN-gamma in culture supernatant fluids. Substitutions within the region CII 260-270 led to significant decreases in IFN-gamma responses, identifying this sequence as a T cell epitope. To determine the effects of substitutions within this epitope on arthritis, substituted peptides were administered to neonatal mice as tolerogens. Five site-directed substitutions, four of which included the insertion of a residue found in type I collagen to replace its type II counterpart, abrogated the ability of the peptides to induce tolerance and suppress arthritis. These substitutions were located at residues 260, 261, 263, 264, and 266. Two patterns of T cell reactivity were observed. Peptides containing individual substitutions at positions 261, 264, or 266 were capable of generating a significant T lymphokine response, although those containing substitutions at residues 260 or 263 were ineffective Ag. Systematic analysis of the fine structures of T cell determinants important for autoimmune arthritis can lead to strategies for therapeutic intervention.
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PMID:Characterization of a tolerogenic T cell epitope of type II collagen and its relevance to collagen-induced arthritis. 138 44

SWR/J transgenic (tg) mice were generated expressing the TCR beta chain derived from an anticollagen type II (CII) arthritogenic T cell clone. The SWR/J strain was selected because it is resistant to collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and lacks the V beta gene segment used by the T cell clone. Expression of the tg beta chain on all thymocytes and peripheral lymph node T cells led to a more efficient anti-CII immune response, but did not confer CIA susceptibility to SWR/J mice. Nevertheless, this tg beta chain enhanced predisposition to CIA as (DBA/1 x SWR) F1 beta tg mice were more susceptible than normal F1 littermates. Our results demonstrate that the expression of the tg beta chain contributes to CIA susceptibility, but by itself it is not sufficient to overcome CIA resistance in the SWR/J strain.
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PMID:Expression of a transgenic T cell receptor beta chain enhances collagen-induced arthritis. 138 71

In this report we are able to show that intravenous (i.v.) application (day 0) of a nonapeptide (residues 26-34) from the human C1q A-chain (designated peptide A-C1q) prior to intradermal (i.d.) administration of chicken type II collagen (CII) in arthritis-susceptible DBA/1 mice (H2q), leads to abrogation of polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) invasion into the joints. This nonapeptide exhibits epitope characteristics and high homology to residues 137-147 of CB11 (a cyanogen bromide fragment of chicken CII, known to contain both arthritis inducing and suppressing determinants). Arthritis index was lowest in animals pretreated i.v. with CII (as internal control), though animals pretreated i.v. with peptide K (residues 137-147 with an additional glycine residue from CB11) or peptide A-C1q exhibited comparative arthritic indices. Only in the arthritis-positive control group (day 0: PBS i.v.) did i.d. application of CII lead to invasion of PMN into the synovial layer and the joint space. Analysis of antibody (Ab) responses at day 48 after i.v. immunization (day 0) and CII challenge (day 7) revealed IgE-Abs to native CII and also to native C1q. IgG titers to CII were highest in animals pretreated with peptide A-C1q. Abs from this group, exhibiting activity to peptide A-C1q (immunizing antigen), were of mainly IgG1 and IgG3 isotypes. Evaluation of the immune response following i.v. application of peptide A-C1q or CII, prior to i.d. CII administration, in DBA/1 mice, revealed IgM responses to peptide A-C1q and peptide K, but not to CII. Intravenous application of peptide A-C1q led to generation of IgG3-Abs reacting only with peptide A-C1q and peptide K, but not with native CII. Additionally, i.v. application of peptide A-C1q elicited IgG responses to a pentapeptide, resembling amino acid residues 26-30 (K-G-E-Q-G) of the C1q A-chain. This five residue antigenic determinant is present in peptide K, in chicken and human CII as well as in human C1q. No specific IgE response to any of the antigens tested could be detected. Since a peptide from the C1q A-chain is both capable of eliciting immune responses and modulating CII-induced arthritis in mice, we postulate that the collagen-like complement component C1q is involved in the development of CII-induced inflammatory arthritic lesions, and may represent, in vivo, the early antigen responsible for inducing anticollagen antibodies prior to CII in hyaline cartilage becoming available as antigen.
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PMID:Modulation of type II collagen-induced arthritis in DBA/1 mice by intravenous application of a peptide from the C1q-A chain. 139 37

We recently described a spontaneously occurring, inflammatory and erosive joint disease in male DBA/1 mice. A major question is whether specific immune reactions are involved in eliciting this disease. The possibility that collagen autoimmunity might constitute one pathogenic factor was particularly interesting as this spontaneous arthritis appears to be genetically restricted in a way similar to collagen-induced arthritis. In the present study, we demonstrate increased serum antibody levels to collagen II in a fraction of the male DBA/1 mice, but not in age-matched female controls. Administration of antibodies with an anti-idiotypic activity to anti-collagen II antibodies and with an affinity for determinants present on isolated syngeneic IgG Fc but not on intact IgG, was shown to interfere with the development of the spontaneous arthritis in a manner similar to that earlier documented for collagen arthritis. These observations suggest that mechanisms similar to those operating in collagen-induced arthritis may also be found in the spontaneously occurring arthritis in male DBA/1 mice.
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PMID:Down-regulation of a spontaneous arthritis in male DBA/1 mice after administration of monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibodies to a cross-reactive idiotope on anti-collagen antibodies. 139 61

Both tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) are found in synovial fluid from arthritic joints of humans and of rodents with experimental arthritis. The role of endogenously produced TGF-beta and TNF in the pathogenesis of collagen type II-induced arthritis (CIA) in DBA/1 mice was examined by determining the effect of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to these factors on the course of the disease. Endogenously produced as well as systemically administered TGF-beta 1 and TNF-alpha had opposite effects, since TGF-beta 1 and anti-TNF protected against CIA, whereas anti-TGF-beta and TNF-alpha increased CIA incidence and/or severity. Intraperitoneally injected TGF-beta 1 at a dose of 2 micrograms per day for 14 days significantly ameliorated arthritis, even when started at the time of arthritis development, although it did not reverse established disease. The resistance to CIA induction caused by a prior intravenous injection of collagen type II was not significantly influenced by the simultaneous injection of TGF-beta 1, TNF-alpha, or interleukin 1 alpha. It is concluded that the endogenous production of TNF and TGF-beta is important in determining the course of CIA.
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PMID:Involvement of endogenous tumor necrosis factor alpha and transforming growth factor beta during induction of collagen type II arthritis in mice. 150 48

The F1 hybrid mouse strain, from B10Q and DBA/1 parentals (the QD strain), is highly susceptible to induction of type II collagen-induced arthritis, an experimental model for rheumatoid arthritis. Males are more susceptible than females. Oophorectomy enhances susceptibility to arthritis and treatment with physiological doses of 17 beta-oestradiol (E2) suppresses disease. E2 treatment lowers the incidence of arthritis also in non-castrated and castrated males, showing that the anti-arthritic effect by oestrogen is not dependent on either sex hormone imprinting effects or interference with male sex hormones. Testosterone treatment of normal females, but not of castrated females, exaggerated development of the disease. In the testosterone-treated normal females, the oestrogen effect on vaginal smear was abolished and ovarian weight decreased, suggesting that the testosterone-mediated enhancing effect is caused by inhibition of ovarian oestrogen production. The crucial importance of oestrogens for the development of arthritis is focused on the effectiveness of treatment with gestation-related doses of E2 of normal, non-castrated females.
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PMID:Oestrogen-induced suppression of collagen arthritis; 17 beta-oestradiol is therapeutically active in normal and castrated F1 hybrid mice of both sexes. 151 60


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