Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0003864 (arthritis)
 69,039 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A simple analysis based on techniques readily available in the routine clinical laboratory has been presented for identification of patients with moderate and high levels of intermediate complexes. If the gamma-globulin concentration determined by serum protein electrophoresis minus the IgG concentration determined by radial immunodiffusion exceeds 1.0 gm/dl, intermediate complexes of IgG should be present in concentrations greater than 0.5 gm/dl. In principle, any disease association with sufficient polymerization of IgG might cause an abnormal result with this analysis. Furthermore, sera from patients with liver disease and marked beta-gamma-bridging on electrophoresis may also give abnormal values.
Arthritis Rheum 1979 Feb
PMID:Detection of intermediate complexes by evaluation of the difference between gamma-globulin and IgG concentrations. 8 76

Forty-four subjects with classic or definite rheumatoid arthritis who were on individualized chrysotherapy were observed for changes in serum protein electrophoresis, immunoglobulins, and circulating lymphocyte counts. By paired variate analysis, significant declines from pretreatment values were recorded for the following--electrophoretic protein fractions: gamma, alpha-1, alpha-2, (P less than 0.05); immunoglobulins: IgM--53% (P less than 0.001), IgG--37% (P less than 0.01), IgA--34% (P less than 0.001). Rheumatoid factor decreased in 29 of 39 subjects, 15 becoming seronegative (P less than 0.001); circulating lymphocytes decreased by 27% (P less than 0.001). The maximal suppressive effect on IgG and IgM was not achieved until the third and fourth years of therapy by sustained weekly administration of gold sodium thiomalate (one year cumulative dosage, mean 2106 mg, range 1065-2,885; greater than or equal to 4 year cumulative dosage, mean 8747 mg, range 5,385-15,160 mg). An immunosuppressive effect is suggested by these results.
Arthritis Rheum
PMID:Chrysotherapy. Suppression of immunoglobulin synthesis. 10 Jan 21

To evaluate the feasibility of oral antibiotic treatment for pyogenic arthritis, one or more oral doses of antibiotics were substituted for the drugs being used for parenteral therapy. Synovial fluid and serum specimens obtained at randomized times after an oral dose of ampicillin, cephalexin, cloxacillin, dicloxacillin, or penicillin G were assayed for antibiotic content and antibacterial activity. Seventy specimens from 21 infants and children were studied. Peak synovial fluid concentrations were greater than 60% of peak serum concentrations with all drugs tested and there was adequate inhibitory activity against bacteria commonly causing arthritis. The degree of antibiotic binding to serum protein had no apparent effect on the degree of penetration into pyogenic synovial fluid.
 ...
PMID:Oral antibiotic therapy for skeletal infections of children. I. Antibiotic concentrations in suppurative synovial fluid. 61 55

Amyloidosis is a heterogenous group of diseases characterized by deposition of a fibrillar, proteinaceous material, amyloid, in various tissues and organs. Increasing knowledge about the different proteins that constitute the amyloid fibrils has made it possible to classify amyloidosis by the fibril protein, which appears more rational than the traditional classification by its clinical expression. A serum protein is the precursor of the amyloid fibril protein in the various systemic forms of amyloidosis. Although the chemical composition of amyloid is presently well known, the pathogenetic processes that convert such proteins into a fibrillar form and lay them down in the tissues are far from clarified. This review describes the amyloid deposits, some putative pathogenetic mechanisms, and the clinical, therapeutic, and prognostic aspects of the most important forms of amyloid disease.
Semin Arthritis Rheum 1992 Oct
PMID:Amyloidosis. 143 45

Matrix metalloproteinases are an important group of zinc enzymes responsible for degradation of the extracellular matrix components such as collagen and proteoglycans in normal embryogenesis and remodeling and in many disease processes such as arthritis, cancer, periodontitis, and osteoporosis. A matrixin family is defined, comprising at least seven members that range in size from Mr 28,000 to 92,000 and are related in gene sequence to collagenase. All family members are secreted as zymogens that lose peptides of about 10,000 daltons upon activation. Latency is due to a conserved cysteine that binds to zinc at the active center. Latency is overcome by physical (chaotropic agents), chemical (HOCl, mercurials), and enzymatic (trypsin, plasmin) treatments that separate the cysteine residue from the zinc. Expression of the metalloproteinases is switched on by a variety of agents acting through regulatory elements of the gene, particularly the AP-1 binding site. A family of protein inhibitors of Mr 28,500 or less binds strongly and stoichiometrically in noncovalent fashion to inhibit members of the family. The serum protein alpha 2-macroglobulin and relatives are also strongly inhibitory.
 ...
PMID:Matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in connective tissue remodeling. 185 Jul 5

We conducted followup of 264 patients with definite systemic sclerosis (SSc) who were entered into the multicenter Scleroderma Criteria Cooperative Study (SCCS) during 1973-1977. At the end of the study (average 5.2 years of followup), 38% were known to be alive, 50% were dead (68% of these deaths definitely related to SSc), and 12% were lost to followup. Survival analyses of 484 demographic, clinical, and laboratory items recorded at entry into the SCCS (within 2 years of physician diagnosis of SSc) were performed. Survival declined linearly, and the cumulative survival rate was less than 80% at 2 years, 50% at 8.5 years, and 30% at 12 years after entry. Analysis using combinations of entry variables identifying organ system involvement confirmed that renal, cardiac, pulmonary, and gastrointestinal involvement in SSc predicted reduced survival; however, data on organ system involvement at study entry could not be used to consistently predict which organ system would ultimately be involved as the primary cause of death. By survival tree analysis, the individual entry variables best predicting reduced survival included older age (greater than 64 years), reduced renal function (blood urea nitrogen greater than 16 mg/dl), anemia (hemoglobin less than or equal to 11 gm/dl), reduced pulmonary diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (less than or equal to 50% of predicted), reduced total serum protein level (less than or equal to 6 gm/dl), and reduced pulmonary reserve (forced vital capacity less than 80% with hemoglobin greater than 14 gm/dl or forced vital capacity less than 65% with hemoglobin less than or equal to 14 gm/dl). Cox proportional hazards model analysis confirmed these results. Different combinations of variables led to markedly different survival rates. The poorest prospects for survival were in patients with SSc who were less than or equal to 64 years old with a hemoglobin level less than or equal to 11 gm/dl, and in those greater than 64 years old with a blood urea nitrogen level greater than 16 mg/dl. These results may be useful in predicting individual patients at risk for shortened survival.
Arthritis Rheum 1991 Apr
PMID:Predictors of survival in systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). 190 91

We studied the effect of fibronectin (FN) on the course of chronic nephritis (induced by daily injections of ovalbumin) and on the clearance and catabolism of immune complexes in Wistar rats. Rats with chronic nephritis were treated with FN (2.5 mg/kg/48 hours) for 15 days after proteinuria was first detected. In rats with untreated nephritis, urinary protein levels increased from 40 +/- 22 mg/day (mean +/- SD) to 339 +/- 68 mg/day during the 15 days of the study (P less than 0.0005). This statistically significant increase was not observed in rats treated with FN (mean +/- SD 58 +/- 46 mg/day to 124 +/- 112 mg/day). Rats treated with FN showed a higher total serum protein level than did the untreated animals (mean +/- SD 6.4 +/- 0.3 gm/dl versus 5.1 +/- 0.5 gm/dl; P less than 0.0125), as well as a significant reduction in mesangial and glomerular basement membrane deposits. Untreated nephritic rats demonstrated delayed plasma clearance of 125I-labeled aggregated IgG (plasma half-life [T1/2] 3.03 +/- 0.6 minutes) and less catabolism of these aggregates at 30 minutes (mean +/- SD 15 +/- 1.7%) than did the normal rats (T1/2 1.5 +/- 0.2 minutes, 22 +/- 2.8%, respectively; P less than 0.0005). Both parameters were within normal limits in the FN-treated rats (T1/2 1.6 +/- 0.4 minutes, 22 +/- 6%, respectively). In vitro, FN induced a significant increase in aggregated IgG catabolism by Kupffer cells and peritoneal macrophages from normal rats. These results show that FN reduces the proteinuria and histologic lesions of chronic nephritis in rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Arthritis Rheum 1990 May
PMID:Beneficial effect of fibronectin administration on chronic nephritis in rats. 234 23

We undertook a prospective study of 23 male patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) (New York Criteria), 18 HLA-B27 positive and 5 HLA-B27 negative, five of them had hyperuricemia. The following data of evolution were taken into consideration: age at onset of disease, time course of the disease, presence of urolithiasis, heart disease, flares of uveitis. Clinical activity and degree of disability were evaluated every one to 3 months; on each visit, every patient had determinations of serum and urinary uric acid levels, serum and phosphorus, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), serum protein electrophoresis, as well as X-ray films of the vertebral spine and pelvis. Three groups of patients were detected, all of them with equal age at onset, duration of disease, frequency of B27, peripheral arthritis, and leukocytosis. One group had hyperuricemia (5 of 23 patients, 80% of them HLA-B27 positive) and a lesser degree of clinical activity of the disease (p less than .001, a higher frequency of uveitis (40%, lower levels of serum gammaglobulins (p less than 0.05) and ESR (p less than 0.05), a lesser degree of ankylosis of the spine, and a better functional prognosis than the other groups. Another group (8 of 23 patients, 75% of them were HLA-B27 positive) had normouricemia and hyperuricosuria, and showed a higher frequency of fever (50%), an abnormal urinalysis, and urolithiasis (25%).
 ...
PMID:[Purine metabolism in ankylosing spondylitis: clinical study]. 260 1

The analgesic response-serum concentration relationship (pharmacodynamics) of a representative nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, diflunisal, was examined after an acute dose in adjuvant arthritic and control rats. The analgesic response was 2-fold higher in the arthritic animals compared to controls. In parallel with this, there was a 2-fold increase in the serum free concentrations of diflunisal in the arthritic rats. Thus, the increase in diflunisal analgesic response in arthritis may be attributed to pharmacokinetic perturbations, resulting from alterations in serum protein binding and not to changes in drug pharmacodynamics. Endogenous binding inhibitors in adjuvant arthritis may contribute to the observed decreased in diflunisal protein binding.
 ...
PMID:Diflunisal pharmacodynamics in experimental arthritis in rats. 326 49

Although nailfold capillary abnormalities associated with connective tissue disease (CTD) have been studied by direct in vivo microscopy, little is known of the underlying histology and morphology of this tissue. This report summarizes light microscopic study of glycolmethacrylate embedded nailfold biopsies from 13 CTD patients (9 scleroderma, 2 CREST, 2 undifferentiated CTD), 2 subjects with Raynaud's phenomenon alone, and 9 normal volunteers of similar age and sex distribution. The most striking and consistent finding was the presence of globular, eosinophilic, PAS-positive deposits in the cuticles of 14 of 15 patients and none of the controls. This material, identified by immunofluorescent staining as serum protein exudates, was associated with pronounced parakeratosis and elevated epithelial mitotic activity. Capillary ectasia with thinning of the basement membrane was often present in CTD biopsies. Occasional signs of endothelial swelling and proliferation were encountered in both populations. Inflammatory changes were rarely seen. In quantitative comparison with control tissues, the superficial dermis from CTD patients contained significantly fewer capillaries, cutaneous nerve bundles, and interstitial fibroblasts per unit area and fewer papillary capillaries per unit of epidermal length. Measures of capillary density in sectioned tissue correlated well with the results of in vivo microscopic examination.
Arthritis Rheum 1984 Jan
PMID:Nailfold biopsy in scleroderma and related disorders. Correlation of histologic, capillaroscopic, and clinical data. 669 62


1 2 3 Next >>