Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0003864 (arthritis)
 69,039 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty seven infections due to "Haemophilus influenzae" b were registered from January 1979 to December 1983. The organism was isolated from blood and/or CSF in all cases. Relation with sex or season predominance was not observed. Children's age was 1 day to 9 years, 83% were below 2 years. They were 16 meningitis (43.2%); 10 pneumonias (27.0%); 4 epiglottitis (10.8%); 4 bacteremias; 2 perinatal infections and 1 case of arthritis. Six cases (16.2%) were hospital infections. Age for meningitis and pneumonias was significantly lower than for epiglottitis. Eight strains were ampicillin resistant (21.6%). In meningitis 31.1% and in pneumonias 30.0% of the strains were resistant. There were no resistances in other localizations. One strain resistant to both, ampicillin and chloramphenicol was treated with cefotaxim.
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PMID:[Haemophilus influenzae systemic infections in a children's hospital]. 387 16

Spirochetes were cultivated from 17% of 114 Ixodes ricinus ticks in the Stockholm area. Three strains of these spirochetes were selected for studies by electron microscopy. These three strains had definite morphological similarities to spirochetes of the genus Borrelia, as judged by the number of flagella, absence of cytoplasmic tubules, and dimensions. The three strains were not identical, but seemed to consist of two different kinds of cells, one with eight and one with eleven flagella. The three strains were also shown to react with a monoclonal antibody that reacts with Lyme disease spirochetes (Borrelia burgdorferi), but not with strains of other Borreliae, Treponemes, or Leptospiras. These results indicate the possibility of transmission of Borrelia spirochetes from ticks to humans in Sweden. The antibody response to one of the spirochetal strains isolated from Swedish I. ricinus was studied in 37 patients with the typical clinical picture of erythema chronicum migrans (ECM), in 45 patients with chronic meningitis (CMe) cured by high-dose intravenous penicillin, in 298 patients with post-infectious arthritis, and in controls. The antibody response was estimated by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The antibody levels differed significantly between patients with CMe and healthy individuals (p less than 0.001), both with respect to serum antibody levels and CSF-antibody levels. The antibody levels also differed significantly between patients with ECM and healthy controls as measured by ELISA (p less than 0.05), whereas the difference was not significant as measured by IFA. Five of 298 patients with post-infectious arthritis had higher titers than any of the controls, and two of these five patients had titers higher than any patient with CMe or ECM. These results indicate spirochetal aetiology of ECM, and in some patents with CMe or postinfectious arthritis. As a diagnostic test for ECM, both IFA and ELISA were of limited value, since only 5/37 (14%) ECM patients were positive by IFA, and 14/37 (38%) by ELISA. Regarding patients with CMe, 23/45 (51%) were seropositive by IFA and 30/45 (67%) by ELISA. However, measurement of CSF-antibodies were found to be a more sensitive method than measurement of serum antibodies both by IFA and ELISA, since 38/45 (84%) CMe patients were positive by IFA, and 41/45 (91%) by ELISA. In addition, estimation of CSF antibodies was also found to be a more specific method than estimation of serum antibodies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Tick-borne Borrelia infection in Sweden. 390 77

The onset of multiple sclerosis (MS) after age 60 is uncommon. The clinical features of three such cases are described. Considerable diagnostic delay was seen in each case as symptoms were initially attributed to other conditions that more commonly afflict the elderly, including atypical facial pain, neuropathy, peripheral and cerebral vascular disease, arthritis, benign prostatic hypertrophy, and ischemic optic neuropathy. Although MS should be considered a diagnosis of exclusion in this age group, cerebral evoked potentials and CSF immunoglobulin studies can increase the diagnostic yield and may be helpful in the appropriate clinical context.
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PMID:Multiple sclerosis with onset after age 60. 619 35

An unusual case of Whipple's disease is reported. The diagnosis was difficult as the characteristic digestive sign and symptoms (malabsorption, diarrhea, mucosal infiltration by PAS-positive macrophages) were absent. After a ten-year history of seronegative arthritis, myocardiopathy, with aortic insufficiency, basilar pulmonary infiltrates, enlarged lymph nodes, the patient, a 56 years old man, was referred to us for a severe vegetative and neurological dysfunction: stupor, dysarthria, akinesia, hypertonia, hypothermia and abnormal thirst. A CT-scan showed a low-density area of the right hypothalamus, and PAS-positive macrophages were found in a lymph node, in the CSF and in a cerebral biopsy. The patient then received a classical antibiotic treatment, yet the neurologic dysfunction remained severe. Finally, a trial with rifampicin brought a striking improvement of the patient's condition, which has now lasted for three years.
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PMID:[Hypothalamic form of Whipple's disease. Favorable effect of rifampicin]. 619 50

Nine previously healthy children were seen with unique, and in several instances, unreported manifestations of acute histoplasmosis. Presenting manifestations included: obstructive airway disease; subacute parotitis; unilateral cervical lymphadenopathy; anterior mediastinal mass-simulating neoplasm; immune hemolytic anemia; a cutaneous lesion with regional lymphadenopathy; mediastinal mass and pericardial effusion; pulmonary infarction; and a symptom complex of cervical lymphadenopathy, CSF pleocytosis, arthritis, and interstitial nephritis. In eight children histoplasmosis was not initially considered, and the correct diagnosis was made only after complex, and sometimes invasive, diagnostic evaluation and considerable delay. All patients recovered fully without antifungal therapy. Reports of uncontrolled trials of new antifungal agents for treatment of histoplasmosis in immunocompetent hosts should be cautiously evaluated.
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PMID:Unusual manifestations of histoplasmosis in childhood. 686 97

Three unrelated children (one girl and two boys) have had since birth a syndrome characterized by a permanent skin rash which becomes more intense during flare-ups associated with fever, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and arthritis symmetrically involving the large joints. In one boy, typical psoriasis was observed at age 3 years. In two patients, roentgenograms of the joints showed early patellar ossification and an abnormal epiphyseal appearance. The three children also had neurologic involvement, with mental retardation, enlarged head circumference, eye lesions, late closure of the anterior fontanel, and a chronic meningitis with infiltration by polymorphonuclear cells. No immunologic abnormalities were found, but polymorphonuclear cells infiltrated the skin, lymph nodes, synovial fluid, and CSF.
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PMID:Arthropathy with rash, chronic meningitis, eye lesions, and mental retardation. 725 69

Eight-six children with meningococcal meningitis or bacteremia were evaluated prospectively between 1977 and 1979 to determine the incidence of complications and features predictive of their development. The majority (83%) of these infections were caused by serogroup B strains. Twenty-seven percent of survivors experienced one or more suppurative, allergic, or neurologic complications. Hearing loss, noted in 9% of children, occurred significantly more often in patients with admission leukocytosis or leukopenia, or with CSF leukocytosis greater than 10,000/mm3 than in those with an uncomplicated course (P less than 0.01). Ten percent of survivors developed allergic complications manifested as cutaneous vasculitis or arthritis with onset five to eight days after admission. Shock, purpuric skin lesions, and fever persisting longer than five days occurred significantly more often in these children than in those who developed hearing loss or those with an uncomplicated course (P less than 0.05). Resolution of allergic complications occurred within 14 days of their onset. Compared to Neisseria meningitidis groups A and C, group B strains appear to be intermediate in their potential for allergic complications associated with childhood infection.
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PMID:Complications and sequelae of meningococcal infections in children. 727 93

Experimental data strongly suggest that the nervous and immune systems are interrelated. One example of this interrelation is anatomical and is represented by innervation of the lymphoid organs by substance P (SP) immunoreactive fibers, among others. Neurotransmitters/neuropeptides can exert functional receptor-mediated immunologic responses. SP binding to its receptor induces cytokine production in macrophages and T cells and stimulates IgG secretion from B cells. SP has also been associated with inflammation and other immune-mediated diseases such as arthritis. We have previously reported an in vitro stimulatory effect of SP on hematopoiesis that was mediated mostly by the induction of two relevant hematopoietic growth factors, IL-3 and granulocyte-macrophage-CSF (GM-CSF). In this study, we have shown that SP, through the carboxyl terminus, induces the production of IL-3 and GM-CSF in bone marrow mononuclear cells. This production requires de novo synthesis and is blocked by two different SP-R antagonists, spantide and CP-96,345-1. The induction of IL-3 and GM-CSF is partially mediated by IL-1 and IL-6, which are also produced by bone marrow mononuclear cells. Furthermore, the production of IL-3 and GM-CSF correlated with an accumulation of their respective steady state mRNAs. T cells found within the bone marrow are responsible for most of the induced IL-3. Because SP mediates the release of IL-1, IL-3, IL-6, and GM-CSF, all important hematopoietic regulators, by bone marrow cells, this study further suggests the possibility of a regulatory role of the nervous system in hematopoiesis mediated by neuropeptides such as SP.
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PMID:Induction of IL-3 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor by substance P in bone marrow cells is partially mediated through the release of IL-1 and IL-6. 751 64

A 73-year-old woman was diagnosed with seropositive destructive rheumatoid arthritis in 1981. She was treated with cortisone, chloroquine, and cyclophosphamide (Sendoxan) in 1982 and 1984 and contracted severe neutropenia. After that she only received cortisone. During 1991, again low neutrophilic counts were registered, especially granulocytopenia. At first, B-cell lymphoma was suspected, but later Felty's syndrome was established. The patient was treated with high-dose cortisone with some success and had a few minor septic episodes. In May 1992 she contracted a traumatic wound on the back of the lower leg. Conservative treatment resulted in a worsening of the condition and an increased wound area, most likely related to the neutropenic condition. In mid July the patient was hospitalized. Bacterial isolates yielded mixed gram-negative enteric bacteria from the wound. Parenteral antibiotic treatment was started, followed by oral drugs, rhG-CSF (filgrastim) was given subcutaneously once a day, starting 3 days after admission. This resulted in increased numbers of peripheral granulocytes. The ulcer started to heal and by mid August the patient received a transplant with autologous skin grafting. In mid September the wound was completely healed. It is concluded that the combination of antibiotics, skin transplantation, and G-CSF was necessary for the successful result. Actually, the bacterial growth did not call for antibiotics, but it was considered necessary to cover for staphylococci. No worsening of the underlying arthritis was observed.
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PMID:Successful treatment of chronic wound infection in neutropenia and rheumatoid arthritis with filgrastim (rhG-GSF) 752 58

Parallel time courses of preclinical and behavioural pain-related parameters and levels of substance P-like immunoreactivity in plasma (plasma-SPLI) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF-SPLI) were studied in 2 groups of rats injected with an arthritogenic solution (concentrated Freund adjuvant) over a 9-week post-infection (PI) period; 1 group was pretreated with saline (control) and 1 pretreated with diluted Freund adjuvant (immunized). In control rats all symptoms of adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) developed while in immunized rats AIA symptoms were significantly reduced or did not appear. A significant increase in plasma-SPLI was obvious as early as the 2nd week PI and remained at this level in both groups of animals until the end of the 9-week PI observation period, but with a significantly higher increase in control versus immunized group at all stages. In contrast, CSF-SPLI transiently peaked only in the control group at 3 weeks PI whereas CSF-SPLI values did not differ from one week to another in both groups of rats. These results suggest that successive injections of diluted Freund adjuvant impairs the development of chronic inflammation and pain in AIA in rats, as well as the transient increase in SP release in CSF at 3 weeks PI, but not the long-lasting increased SP release in plasma. Since there is a clear dissociation between our biochemical and preclinical and behavioral data, this study does not provide evidence for the role of substance P as a possible biologic marker of chronic pain either in plasma or in CSF.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Prevaccination with diluted Freund adjuvant prevents the development of chronic pain and transient release of cerebrospinal fluid substance P in adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. 752 93


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