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Query: UMLS:C0003864 (arthritis)
 69,039 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Perfluoroctylbromide (PFOB), a perfluorocarbon macrophage-labeling contrast agent, was applied to computed tomographic imaging of septic and aseptic arthritis models in rabbits. Marked enhancement of induced pyarthrosis was observed in both the knee and the sacroiliac joint. Moderate enhancement was noted in tetracycline-induced synovitis of the knee. Sterile synovitis of the sacroiliac joint and simple knee joint effusion showed no enhancement. These results suggest that PFOB is a useful contrast medium for the diagnosis of and distinction between septic and sterile arthritis.
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PMID:Perfluoroctylbromide as a contrast agent for computed tomographic imaging of septic and aseptic arthritis. 394 57

Lyme disease is a newly recognized, multi-system disorder that may be associated with chronic arthritis. Of 25 patients with severe arthritic manifestations the most frequent radiographic finding was knee joint effusion. Intra-articular edema was often accompanied by a continuum of soft-tissue changes involving the infrapatellar fat pad, periarticular soft tissues, and the entheses, which were sometimes thickened, calcified, or ossified. Later in the illness, the joints of some patients showed typical changes of an inflammatory arthritis, including juxta-articular osteoporosis, cartilage loss, and cortical or marginal bone erosions. Less commonly, other patients demonstrated changes more characteristic of degenerative arthritis, including cartilage loss, subarticular sclerosis, and osteophytosis. Joint involvement of Lyme disease has similarities to juvenile arthritis and Reiter syndrome, but can usually be distinguished clinically and serologically from these entities.
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PMID:Lyme arthritis: radiologic findings. 396 49

Acute arthritis and periarthritis are known to develop in patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis; however, the long-term consequences of hemodialysis on joint structure and function have not been thoroughly evaluated in a cohort of patients. All patients (11) undergoing hemodialysis for 10 or more years were evaluated for symptoms, joint function, and radiographic abnormalities. Eight patients had joint symptoms, excluding those from a septic or traumatic process. Only four patients had acute episodes of arthritis. Nine patients had abnormalities on physical examination, including decreased range of motion, joint effusion, crepitance, or deformity. Nine patients had abnormal findings on radiography, including narrowing, erosions, and calcification. Those with more severe disease were younger and had been receiving dialysis treatments longer. It is concluded that prolonged hemodialysis is associated with a progressive deterioration of joint structure and function with or without acute episodes of synovitis.
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PMID:Chronic arthropathy in long-term hemodialysis. 396 93

Treatment with isotretinoin (retinoic acid), which is frequently used in the control of acne, is associated with transient arthralgias in up to 16% of patients. We encountered two cases of acute, aseptic arthritis of the knee in male patients receiving isotretinoin, during the third week and third month of therapy. Synovial fluid obtained from one of the patients was noninflammatory. The drug concentration in the synovial fluid was 131 ng/mL--a level that was compatible with diffusion from the blood (simultaneous serum concentration, 229 ng/mL). Arthritis resolved in both patients without sequelae, despite continuation of drug treatment in one of them. This observation indicates that arthritis with joint effusion may complicate isotretinoin use; it also suggests that alternative measures should be considered before administering the drug to patients with rheumatologic disorders.
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PMID:Acute arthritis during isotretinoin treatment for acne. 623 65

A middle-aged man with diabetes mellitus and cardiomyopathy developed both cryptococcal arthritis and cellulitis. Unusual aspects included the benign nature of the joint effusion and lack of contiguous osteomyelitis.
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PMID:Cryptococcal arthritis and cellulitis. 674 13

The influence of chronic synovial inflammation and effusion on the juxta-articular bone haemodynamics in the juvenile knee was studied in 12 immature dogs with Carragheenin-induced unilateral arthritis. Using a fluid filled electromanometric pressure recording system simultaneous pressure measurements were taken from the distal femoral metaphysis, juxta-articular epiphyses and knee joint cavity in general anaesthesia followed by intraosseous phlebographies. During resting conditions the intraosseous pressure of the distal femoral epiphysis and the intra-articular pressure was significantly elevated. The phlebographies showed increased accumulation of contrast in arthritic femoral epiphyses with decreased contrast clearance rate. During increasing intra-articular pressure an augmented vulnerability of the blood supply of the arthritic femoral epiphyses was demonstrated. The results suggests that joint effusion may play an important role in the bone changes in juvenile degenerative arthritis of the knee.
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PMID:Relationship between intraosseous pressures and intra-articular pressure in arthritis of the knee. An experimental study in immature dogs. 684 93

We describe 3 children with Lowe's syndrome who developed joint manifestations--a previously rarely recognized feature. Two children had swelling and contractures of large and small joints; the third child had a small joint effusion and hypermobile joints. None of them had antinuclear antibody or rheumatoid factor; synovial effusions and biopsies showed no evidence of inflammatory cell infiltration. By light microscopy, profuse fibrous tissue and sparse synovial lining cells were found. Electron microscopy of the synovium of 2 patients showed large amounts of normal appearing collagen, unidentified thin fibrils, and focal profuse granular and fibrillar basement membrane-like material around small vessels, similar to findings described in other tissues in this syndrome. Whether these clinical and pathologic findings are results of the still incompletely understood basic metabolic defect or not, they should be recognized as features that may be seen in patients with Lowe's syndrome.
Arthritis Rheum 1983 Jun
PMID:Arthropathy of Lowe's (oculocerebrorenal) syndrome. 686 Mar 74

A 34-year-old man, in whom sacroiliitis had been diagnosed 5 years previously, presented in July 1982 with reactive arthritis following Campylobacter jejuni enteritis. Diarrhoea was stopped by erythromycin but joint effusion recurred. In order to clarify the relationship between Campylobacter jejuni and the immunological system, we proceeded with a study of the synovial complement. The results were compared with those obtained in some other arthropathies.
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PMID:Symmetrical reactive oligoarthritis after Campylobacter jejuni enteritis--case report and study of the synovial complement. 688 Apr 9

Candida albicans arthritis in the pediatric patient is rarely reported. In each instance, the patient has had one of the factors that predispose to fungal sepsis: broad spectrum antibiotic therapy, hyperalimentation, prematurity, abdominal surgery, corticosteroid or immunosuppressive therapy, malnutrition, maternal vaginal candidiasis, or lymphoproliferative disorders. To avoid the potentially fatal consequences of delayed treatment, early recognition of the disease is imperative. The patient usually refuses to use the affected joint and plain radiography shows a joint effusion with soft tissue swelling. Osteomyelitis develops in approximately half of the cases. Arthrocentesis with fungal cultures is the best method to make the diagnosis. Treatment is primarily chemotherapeutic and the drug of choice is the membrane inhibitor amphotericin B given intravenously. The antimetabolite 5-fluorocytosine is a second-line drug to be used if resistance develops. All cases before the present one involved the knee joint initially. The case presented involved the left hip and was successfully treated with intravenous amphotericin B.
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PMID:Pediatric Candida albicans arthritis: case report of hip involvement with a review of the literature. 714 47

The concentration of synovial fluid lactate was determined by an enzymatic kit method in 16 patients with various types of monoarticular arthritis and in 2 patients with non-inflammatory lesions and no joint effusion. Lactate concentrations in control cases were 1.2 mmol/l, in septic arthritis above 10 mmol/l, in pseudogout and yersinia arthritis around 7 mmol/l, and in other cases of inflammatory, nonseptic arthritis around 3.0 mmol/l.
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PMID:Synovial fluid lactate determinations as a diagnostic aid in cases of monoarticular arthritis. 731 79


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