Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0003864 (arthritis)
 69,039 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Reactive arthritis are definied as steriles arthropathies using classic bacteriological techniques. They are due to extra articular infection and are often associated with HLA B27. The outcome of these arthritis is characterised by the recurrence of flares with sometimes appearition of ankylosing spondylitis. The pathogenesis of reactive arthritis is modified when bacterial antigens or alive micro-organisms are discovered in involved joints. Several current works have underlined the interest of antibiotic therapy in the chlamydial reactive arthritis. Chronic forms can justify the use of anti-rheumatic drugs such as salazopyrine.
 ...
PMID:[Reactive arthritis]. 1582 6

Ankylosing spondylitis is the prototype of related diseases commonly called spondylarthropathies which include reactive arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, arthritis associated with inflammatory bowel diseases (enteropathic arthritis) and undifferentiated spondylarthropathies. Ankylosing spondylitis and spondylarthropathies are generally observed in young patients but can be observed later in life or in persons >50 years of age. All the spondylarthropathy subgroups are represented in the elderly with some features particular to this age group. Indeed, radiological aspects of ankylosing spondylitis may be difficult to interpret because of the radiological changes induced by aging. Late-onset peripheral spondylarthropathies are characterised by severe disease, marked elevation of laboratory parameters of inflammation, oligoarthritis involving the lower limbs and oedema of the extremities. Psoriatic arthritis is more severe in the elderly and is associated with worse outcomes than in young patients. The clinical presentation of undifferentiated spondylarthropathy is as varied in the elderly as in young and middle-aged adults. Reactive arthritis and enteropathic arthritis are observed in the elderly more rarely. The effects of aging on drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics, together with the existence of co-morbidities and polypharmacy, are responsible for difficulties in the therapeutic management of late-onset ankylosing spondylitis or spondylarthropathies. Indeed, NSAIDs should be used with caution in older patients because of the high risk of serious gastrointestinal complications. Sulfasalazine and methotrexate have been used as disease-controlling drugs but did not prove very effective. Pamidronate and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha antagonists offer a therapeutic alternative but have not been specifically tested in the elderly. Pamidronate has been tested in young-onset ankylosing spondylitis and spondylarthropathies with conflicting results but can be used in older patients without risk of major adverse effects. TNFalpha antagonists have been adequately evaluated in ankylosing spondylitis and spondylarthropathies and are associated with dramatic improvement in clinical and biological parameters of disease activity. However, the safety profile of these agents in the elderly is not currently known and careful surveillance, in particular for the risk of infection such as tuberculosis, and/or exacerbation of chronic heart failure, is thus required when using these drugs in this age group.
 ...
PMID:Late-onset ankylosing spondylitis and related spondylarthropathies: clinical and radiological characteristics and pharmacological treatment options. 1597 37

The character of arthritis has not received the same attention in Pan paniscus as it has in P. troglodytes. Reactive arthritis (a form of spondyloarthropathy) in the latter has been considered to be either a sexually transmitted or an infectious-agent diarrhea-related disorder. The unique sexual promiscuity of P. paniscus enables us to distinguish between those hypotheses. The macerated skeletons of 139 adult P. paniscus, P. troglodytes troglodytes, and P. troglodytes schweinfurthii were macroscopically analyzed for osseous and articular pathologies. The sex of the animal was recorded at the time of acquisition. Twenty-one percent of the P. paniscus, 28% of the P. t. troglodytes, and 27% of the P. t. schweinfurthii specimens had peripheral and central joint erosive disease characteristic of spondyloarthropathy. Subchondral pauciarticular distribution and reactive new bone clearly distinguish this disease from rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and direct bone/joint infection. The fact that P. paniscus and P. t. troglodytes were similar in terms of disease frequency makes the notion of sexual transmission unlikely. While the frequencies of spondyloarthropathy were indistinguishable among all species/subspecies studied, the patterns of joint involvement were disparate. The Pan paniscus and P. t. troglodytes home ranges are geographically separate. We assessed possible habitat factors (e.g., exposure to specific infectious agents of diarrhea) by comparing P. paniscus and P. t. troglodytes with P. t. schweinfurthii. The latter shared similar patterns and habitats (separated by the Congo River) with P. paniscus. The explanation offered for habitat-specific patterns is differential bacterial exposure-most likely Shigella or Yersinia in P. paniscus and P. t. schweinfurthii.
 ...
PMID:Etiology of reactive arthritis in Pan paniscus, P. troglodytes troglodytes, and P. troglodytes schweinfurthii. 1601 57

Reactive arthritis (ReA) was known as Reiter's disease or Fiessinger-Leroy disease for nearly 100 years. However, during the past 30 years the disease has been known as reactive arthritis, a member of the spondyloarthritis family. Despite knowing the initiating event (infection) and genetic constitution (many patients have HLA-B27) of ReA, a model of interplay between environment and genetics, its pathogenesis is still incompletely known. This review covers the epidemiology, clinical features, treatment, and prognosis of ReA.
 ...
PMID:Reactive arthritis. 1619 57

Reactive arthritis is a disease closely related to the presence of the HLA-B27 antigen and characterized by sterile joint inflammation secondary to infection. Arthritis is only one of the clinical manifestations of this systemic disease. Its diagnosis rests on history, clinical examination and various serologies. The prognosis is generally good, but recurrences are frequent, in particular in HLA-B27 positive patients. Treatment is mainly symptomatic, and antibiotics should be prescribed only in the event of an active infection. A 3 months course of antibiotics could be beneficial on the long-term evolution in HLA-B27 positive patients, but this practice deserves to be confirmed by additional randomized controlled studies.
 ...
PMID:[Reactive arthritis]. 1660 73

A 44-year old West-African living in Germany since 18 years presented because of persistent painful swelling of both ankle joints and diffuse lymphoedema of feet occurring after a trip to Morocco. Laboratory tests revealed inflammation and eosinophilia. HLA-B27 was positive. Antinuclear antibodies and rheuma factors were not found. There was no evidence of an infection with bacteria or viruses known to cause arthritis. Filariasis was excluded. Microscopy of fresh stool revealed larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis. Symptoms resolved after specific antihelminthic therapy with ivermectin 0.2 mg kg(-1) day(-1) for 2 days and non-steroidal anti-inflammatorials. Reactive arthritis is known to be caused by various bacterial agents. In some individuals, arthritis may be due to helminths, such as S. stercoralis. Patients with strongyloidiasis may respond to non-steroidal anti-inflammatorials but must not undergo treatment with corticosteroids before having received antihelminthic therapy because immunosuppression may result in life-threatening strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome.
 ...
PMID:Arthritis associated with Strongyloides stercoralis infection in HLA B-27-positive African. 1673 88

Reactive arthritis is an important cause of lower limb oligoarthritis, mainly in young adults. It is one of the spondyloarthropathy family; it is distinguishable from other forms of inflammatory arthritis by virtue of the distribution of affected sites and the high prevalence of characteristic extra-articular lesions. Many terms have been used to refer to this and related forms of arthritis leading to some confusion. Reactive arthritis is precipitated by an infection at a distant site and genetic susceptibility is marked by possession of the HLA-B27 gene, although the mechanism remains uncertain. Diagnosis is a two stage process and requires demonstration of a temporal link with a recognised "trigger" infection. The identification and management of "sexually acquired" and "enteric" forms of reactive arthritis are considered. Putative links with HIV infection are also discussed. The clinical features, approach to investigation, diagnosis, and management of reactive arthritis are reviewed.
 ...
PMID:When is arthritis reactive? 1682 21

We describe a patient with reactive arthritis (ReA) induced by influenza vaccination. A healthy 79-year-old Japanese man began suffering from migrating polyarthritis 2 days after receiving influenza vaccine. He proved negative for rheumatoid factor, showing no evidence for microbial infections such as Streptoccocci, Chlamydia, or Parbovirus B19. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing analysis revealed positive results for HLA-B54 (22), which is one of the cross-reactive antigens to HLA-B27. His arthritis improved with administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and recovery was attained within 6 weeks. Reactive arthritis is a rare adverse effect induced by influenza vaccination; however, it is important that it is recognized by all physicians.
 ...
PMID:Reactive arthritis after influenza vaccination: report of a case. 1702 78

Reactive arthritis (ReA) has been recognized as a clinical disease entity for nearly 100 years. The prevalence is estimated to be 30-40/100,000 adults. The HLA-B27-associated form is part of the spondyloarthritis concept. According to the current hypothesis the arthritis follows a primary extra-articular infection and is characterized by the presence of bacterial antigen and/or of viable but non-culturable bacteria persisting within the joint. Pathogenesis involves the modification of host cells by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs, e.g. lipopolysaccharide), bacterial effector proteins, the adaptive immune system, and the genetic background. Up to 30% of patients develop chronic symptoms, and therapeutic options for these patients are still limited. Data for recommendations to apply conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) are rare; however, sulfasalazine seems to be effective, and first reports on agents that block tumour necrosis factor (TNF) are promising. Combination therapy of several antibiotics might open the window to curing the disease; however, controlled clinical studies are needed.
 ...
PMID:Infection and musculoskeletal conditions: Reactive arthritis. 1712

Reactive arthritis (ReA) is a sterile arthritis triggered by distal mucosal infection, which suggests a contribution from bacterial products. The pathogenesis of ReA is unclear. There are no international standards for the serological methods used to confirm ReA. In the present work, we analyzed the predominant bacterial component that triggered an immune response in a 24-year-old woman with acute ReA. The candidate bacterial trigger was investigated by measuring the antibacterial antibodies (all immunoglobulin classes and IgA) to Salmonella enteritidis, Shigella flexneri and Yersinia enterocolitica. ELISA for Salmonella gave a positive result. To identify the bacterial component triggering ReA, antibodies to crude lysate, outer membrane proteins (OMP), cytosolic fraction, supernatant proteins and lipopolysaccharide of S. enteritidis were analyzed in sera and synovial fluid (SF) by ELISA, dot blot, and Western blot. Among the antigen preparations, the antibody response to OMP was dominant in both serum and SF; a strong reaction to seven OMP bands (50-21 kDa) was observed. We concluded that OMP were the main bacterial antigens that trigged ReA in the reported case. Determining the triggering bacterial components in each case can help elucidate the precise causes of ReA and will contribute to the designing of a specific serological diagnostic method for this arthritis.
 ...
PMID:Study of predominant bacterial antigens triggering antibody response in Salmonella reactive arthritis: apropos of a case. 1764 39


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>