Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0003864 (arthritis)
 69,039 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Primary and passaged human synovial cell cultures inoculated with wild-type and vaccine strains of rubella virus were incubated at 32 C and 37 C. At 32 C, the temperature close to that in human peripheral joints, infection persisted with extracellular virus titers of approximately 10(4) fluorescent focus-forming units/ml. Extracellular titers at 37 C first stabilized at one-tenth the level of the titers at 32 C and then declined after 20 days to undetectable levels. Cellular expression of viral antigen rose at 32 C and fell at 37 C. Infection was noncytocidal at all stages. Virus yields reflected the temperature in the subsequent incubation rather than during virus adsorption. Interferon was found only in cultures held at 37 C and was mainly alpha with a minor beta fraction, a result suggesting retention of functional characteristics of the type A macrophage-like synovial cell. We conclude that persistent infection of synovial tissue in vivo is a feasible explanation for the presence of rubella virus in peripheral joints of patients with chronic arthritis.
 ...
PMID:Persistent rubella virus infection of human synovial cells cultured in vitro. 397 14

Infection of goats with caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus, a lentivirus, resulted in arthritis characterized by the production of intrasynovial immunoglobulin G1 concentrations that were 2 to 5.3 times the serum concentrations in the inoculated carpi at 6 months postinoculation. The intrasynovial immunoglobulin was polyclonal, and its presence was accompanied by increased albumin leakage into the joints. Synovial fluid immunoglobulin levels fluctuated temporally but remained elevated compared with medium-inoculated controls for 38 months after infection. Elevated immunoglobulin G1 concentrations correlated with focal sublumenal plasmacytic infiltrates in the synovia of inoculated carpi at 5 months postinoculation. Inflammation in the uninoculated joints of infected goats was also accompanied by increased intrasynovial immunoglobulin G1 levels. Antibody to systemically administered antigens was a greater proportion of the immunoglobulin population in sera than in synovial fluids of infected goats, suggesting that antibody production to local antigens was responsible for increased intrasynovial immunoglobulin G1 levels.
 ...
PMID:Pronounced production of polyclonal immunoglobulin G1 in the synovial fluid of goats with caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus infection. 630 82

Infection with tick-borne spirochetes (e.g. Borrelia burgdorferi) may lead to the development of erythema chronicum migrans, acrodermatitis atrophicans, meningopolyneuritis Bannwarth, and a special type of reactive arthritis named Lyme disease after the American endemic area. Since these diseases occur also in Austria, their clinical features are described in this review; a clear distinction must be made between the neurological manifestation of Lyme disease and those of tick-bite mediated early summer meningoencephalitis. Serological tests can prove that an infection with Borrelia burgdorferi has occurred. The treatment of choice is tetracyclines in the early stages of the disease.
 ...
PMID:[Lyme disease--another tick-borne disease in Austria]. 639 70

Within a three-year period 712 patients with Campylobacter jejuni infection were diagnosed at our laboratory in Helsinki and 524 (72%) were treated as outpatients. More than half (57%) of the patients became infected when abroad, chiefly during holiday trips in the Mediterranean and in East European countries. The risk of acquiring infection was about 250 times greater abroad than in Finland, and it differed considerably from country to country, being highest in Morocco and Tunisia. Among domestic cases the incidence of infection was significantly higher (p less than 0.001) during the summer and autumn months than during winter or spring. Animal contact prior to infection was reported in 59% of domestic and 31% of imported cases, and previous consumption of poultry in 28% and 42% of those from whom information was obtained. Besides diarrhoea (98%), the main symptoms included abdominal pain (87%), fatigue (81%), fever (78%), malaise (70%) and headache (51%). Arthralgia was observed in 19% and arthritis in 2% of patients. The mean duration of diarrhoea was 10.8 days, of fever 2.8 days.
Infection
PMID:Infection due to Campylobacter jejuni: a report of 524 outpatients. 646 63

The course of experimental infection in groups of 6-month-old castrated lambs with field isolates of Mycoplasma agalactiae from France was followed culturally and serologically for 7 months. Infection with an ovine field isolate following inoculation by different routes and contact exposure was compared with that caused similarly by a caprine field isolate. The prolonged infections produced were symptomless apart from limited arthritis in one animal inoculated with the isolate from sheep and increased lachrymation in another associated with the goat isolate. The ovine isolate was more virulent in that ante- and post-mortem recoveries of the organism were more consistent and the serological responses more pronounced. Serological responses varied between animals and between strain infections, and the results of the film inhibition test were more consistent than those of the complement fixation test. The limitations of both these tests for detecting carrier infections are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Experimental infection of castrated lambs with Mycoplasma agalactiae. 651 50

We analysed the records of 44 paediatric cases of acute haematogenous osteomyelitis (age 0-14 years) and 25 cases of purulent arthritis (age 0-13 years). The annual incidences were 4.5 and less than two per 100,000 children, respectively. Bacteriologic diagnosis was achieved in 82% of the acute haematogenous osteomyelitis cases and in 40% of the acute purulent arthritis cases. Staphylococcus aureus was responsible for 70% of the proven acute haematogenous osteomyelitis and acute purulent arthritis cases combined, followed by streptococci (20%) and Haemophilus influenzae (7%), which caused only acute purulent arthritis. Acute haematogenous osteomyelitis was localized in the femur in 41% of the cases and acute purulent arthritis in the knee joint in 76%. Surgery (in most cases drilling, fenestration or arthrotomy) was performed on 82% of the acute haematogenous osteomyelitis and on 32% of the acute purulent arthritis patients. Although six of the acute haematogenous osteomyelitis patients (but none of the acute purulent arthritis patients) underwent surgery for a second time, permanent damage, which was functionally non-significant, developed in only 14%. No sequelae were found in the acute purulent arthritis group. The average duration of antimicrobial therapy was 44 days in the acute haematogenous osteomyelitis group and 29 days in the acute purulent arthritis group. The prognosis for the children was similar, irrespective of whether the drugs used were staphylococcal penicillins, ampicillin, lincomycin or clindamycin.
Infection
PMID:A comparative study of osteomyelitis and purulent arthritis with special reference to aetiology and recovery. 661 Jun 42

Cefamandole was evaluated for the initial management of bacterial infections in 60 infants and children. Infections included cellulitis (22), pneumonia (21), cervical lymphadenitis (8), arthritis or osteomyelitis (6), otitis media (2), and epiglottitis 91). Appropriate bacterial cultures and laboratory tests were performed for all patients. Cefamandole, 100 to 150 mg/kg/day divided into four doses given every six hours, was administered by the intravenous route. All bacterial isolates were sensitive to cefamandole, and all patients had good clinical and bacteriological responses. Duration of cefamandole therapy ranged between three and 30 days. Some of the patients' treatments were changed to specific narrow-spectrum antimicrobials after availability of the bacterial sensitivities. Cefamandole was tolerated well by most patients. Mild leukopenia and neutropenia developed in one patient and slight eosinophilia in four patients. These hematological abnormalities resolved spontaneously. These data suggest that cefamandole is an effective agent for the initial treatment of nonmeningitic infections in children.
 ...
PMID:Clinical evaluation of cefamandole in childhood infections. 662 87

Infection with brucella microorganisms is considered uncommon in the paediatric age group. We report nine paediatric patients between the ages of 8 to 17 years with acute Brucella melitensis infection, who presented with spiking fever, night sweats, anorexia and malaise for 5 to 60 days prior to diagnosis. Four patients developed various osteoarticular complications: migratory arthralgia, hydroarthrosis of the knees, arthritis and osteomyelitis. Therapy with tetracyclines alone or in combination with streptomycin resulted in complete recovery in eight children. This combination failed in one patient who developed severe osteoarticular disease successfully responding to rifampicin. Since infection of bone and joints leads to irreversible damage, early recognition and immediate management are crucial for recovery. Rifampicin might be of benefit in children with severe osteoarticular complications when the traditional anti-brucella regimen fails.
 ...
PMID:Elevated risk of osteoarticular complications in children with acute Brucella melitensis infection. 667 Oct 69

111Indium-leucocyte scanning demonstrated enteritis in a patient with acute arthritis and diarrhoea when contrast radiology was normal. Infection with Yersinia entercolitica was proved serologically. Leucocyte scanning may be useful in the screening for inflammatory bowel disease in patients with seronegative arthritis.
 ...
PMID:Yersinia arthritis: demonstration of occult enteritis by 111indium leucocyte scanning. 674 9

In disseminated candidiasis, various organs frequently become involved, usually as a consequence of hematogenous spread of the organism. However, involvement of the joints is rare even with dissemination. Nineteen cases of joint involvement have previously been reported in adults and 21 cases in children. The most commonly involved joint has been the knee; in such cases, amphotericin B has been effective in controlling the infection. Five patients with cancer developed septic arthritis due to Candida species at the M. C. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute in the past five years. Four of these patients were seen in 1980. Candida albicans was isolated from three patients and Candida tropicalis from two. All five patients had predisposing conditions - e.g., intravenous and/or urinary catheterization, neutropenia, and previous treatment with steroids and antibiotics. The knee was the affected joint in all five. Different modalities of treatment were used, including intravenous miconazole, oral ketoconazole, and systemic and local amphotericin B; adequate levels of these drugs were found in the joint fluid when measured. Infection was cured in two patients. The condition of the third patient improved. The fourth patient died of disseminated disease despite therapy, and the fifth died of malignancy without the benefit of antifungal therapy. For treatment of such infections, the use of an antifungal agent is recommended in addition to frequent evacuation of the joint fluid. Some new compounds may prove useful alternatives to amphotericin B. Arthritis can be resolved even in the presence of unresolved disseminated disease.
 ...
PMID:Septic arthritis due to Candida species on patients with cancer: report of five cases and review of the literature. 695 Dec 37


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>