Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0003615 (appendicitis)
 4,439 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Abdominal pain is among the most frequent ailments reported in the office setting and can account for up to 40% of ailments in the ambulatory practice. Also, it is in the top three symptoms of patients presenting to emergency departments (ED) and accounts for 5-10% of all ED primary presenting ailments. There are several common sources for acute abdominal pain and many for subacute and chronic abdominal pain. This article explores the history-taking, initial evaluation, and examination of the patient presenting with acute abdominal pain. The goal of this article is to help differentiate one source of pain from another. Discussion of acute cholecystitis, pancreatitis, appendicitis, ectopic pregnancy, diverticulitis, gastritis, and gastroenteritis are undertaken. Additionally, there is discussion of common laboratory studies, diagnostic studies, and treatment of the patient with the above entities.
 ...
PMID:Acute abdominal pain. 970 80

Right-sided colonic diverticulitis is an uncommon disorder that most frequently mimics appendicitis. During pregnancy, displacement of the diseased cecum and ascending colon into the right upper quadrant may result in symptomatology that mimics cholecystitis. A 37-year-old white woman with a history of previous benign incidental appendectomy presented at 20 weeks' gestation with right upper abdominal pain and nausea for 2 days. Significant findings included local rebound tenderness and palpable fullness over the gallbladder, leukocytosis, and low-grade fever, but otherwise unremarkable routine serum laboratory test results and sonographic evidence of biliary tract disease. Cholescintigraphy was rejected by the patient. Persistence of symptoms for 3 hospital days despite administration of broad-spectrum parenteral antibiotics prompted surgical intervention. Laparoscopy demonstrated a normal-appearing gall-bladder and an acutely infected, solitary diverticulum of the midascending colon with adhesions to the omentum and to the parietal peritoneum near the gallbladder. Adhesiolysis, omental biopsy, and peritoneal drainage were performed endoscopically. The patient recovered uneventfully and delivered vaginally at term without fetal or maternal complications. Right-sided colonic diverticulitis may present during pregnancy and may mimic symptoms of acute cholecystitis. Laparoscopic treatment of a solitary, acutely infected colonic diverticulum is feasible in this setting.
 ...
PMID:Right-sided colonic diverticulitis mimicking acute cholecystitis in pregnancy: case report and laparoscopic treatment. 995 Jan 33

The clinical diagnosis of diverticulitis is often uncertain and frequently incorrect. Diagnostic imaging such as with helical CT offers a rapid and accurate diagnosis of diverticulitis and its complications as well as alternative conditions. In particular, helical CT combined with contrast material administered through the colon is highly accurate and can be obtained quickly. CT signs of diverticulitis include focal inflammatory wall thickening and paracolic inflammation superimposed on diverticular disease (diverticula, muscular wall hypertrophy). Common alternative conditions that can clinically mimic diverticulitis include small bowel obstruction, primary epiploic appendagitis, acute cholecystitis, appendicitis, ileitis, ovarian cystic disease, and ureteral stone disease. Early and frequent use of diverticular CT promises to improve diagnosis and treatment of patients with clinically suspected diverticulitis.
 ...
PMID:CT of diverticulitis and alternative conditions. 1022 17

Laparoscopy for acute abdominal conditions if one area where laparoscopy is being used in children. However, because of the reduced abdominal surface area of small children, special concerns, are present and must be appreciated. The most common acute abdominal in children for which laparoscopy is used is appendicitis. Other indications include cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis, Meckel's diverticulectomy, evaluation for trauma, and correction or excision of adnexal torsions. In addition, the future of laparoscopy for acute abdominal conditions is speculated.
 ...
PMID:Laparoscopy for Acute Abdominal Conditions in Children. 1040 Nov 17

Whole-blood free amino acids were measured in a control group made up of eight healthy women fasted for 12 h and also in eight patients with acute pancreatitis, five patients with acute cholecystitis and seven patients with acute appendicitis. Blood was withdrawn immediately on admission to hospital and again 3 d later following a controlled peripheral parenteral nutrition diet; this is with the exception of the appendicitis group. l-Cystathionine and l-methionine concentrations were significantly higher in pancreatitis and appendicitis patients when compared with controls. In the pancreatitis and cholecystitis patients, l-serine concentration was also significantly higher when compared with controls. The l-homocysteine concentration was significantly higher only in the appendicitis group when compared with the control group. l-Cystine concentration was unchanged in all the patients studied when compared with control subjects. The l-methionine : l-cystine ratio was significantly higher and the l-glutamine : l-cystine ratio was significantly lower in all the patients when compared with controls. The blood S-amino acid pattern reflects an impairment in liver transsulfuration pathway during acute abdominal processes. This work supports the idea that the l-methionine : l-cystine and l-glutamine : l-cystine ratios can be taken as good markers to evaluate the S-amino acid metabolism and suggests the importance of using N-acetylcysteine as a required nutrient in these situations.
 ...
PMID:Blood sulfur-amino acid concentration reflects an impairment of liver transsulfuration pathway in patients with acute abdominal inflammatory processes. 1124 85

Acute cholecystitis is increasingly becoming a disease of the elderly. The condition begins with colic-like pain in the upper abdomen radiating to the right shoulder, and is accompanied by fever, nausea and vomiting. The diagnosis is confirmed by tenderness and palpable resistance in the right upper abdomen. Ultrasound detects the stone in 95% of cases, and confirms the diagnosis. Differential diagnostic considerations include appendicitis, duodenal or gastric ulcer, and myocardial infarction. Early cholecystectomy is associated with a low complication rate which, however, increases, the longer the intervention is delayed. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has a lower complication rate and a reduced hospital stay; the reported mortality rate is between 0% and 3.5%. Conventional cholecystectomy is recommended when there is concomitant choledocholithiasis and no possibility of carrying out ERCP, and in patients with previous upper abdominal surgery. Conservative treatment is applied when the patient refuses surgery or is at high risk from anaesthesia.
 ...
PMID:[Acute cholecystitis. Do you send the patient to the operating room or to bed?]. 1133 14

Acute abdominal pain is a common presenting complaint in older patients. Presentation may differ from that of the younger patient and is often complicated by coexistent disease, delays in presentation, and physical and social barriers. The physical examination can be misleadingly benign, even with catastrophic conditions such as abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture and mesenteric ischemia. Changes that occur in the biliary system because of aging make older patients vulnerable to acute cholecystitis, the most common indication for surgery in this population. In older patients with appendicitis, the initial diagnosis is correct only one half of the time, and there are increased rates of perforation and mortality when compared with younger patients. Medication use, gallstones, and alcohol use increase the risk of pancreatitis, and advanced age is an indicator of poor prognosis for this disease. Diverticulitis is a common cause of abdominal pain in the older patient; in appropriately selected patients, it may be treated on an outpatient basis with oral antibiotics. Small and large bowel obstructions, usually caused by adhesive disease or malignancy, are more common in the aged and often require surgery. Morbidity and mortality among older patients presenting with acute abdominal pain are high, and these patients often require hospitalization with prompt surgical consultation.
 ...
PMID:Diagnosis of acute abdominal pain in older patients. 1711 93

A 36-year-old man was admitted with a 3-day history of severe abdominal pain in the right upper abdomen and was initially diagnosed with acute cholecystitis or acute retrocecal appendicitis. The patient was transferred to the department of surgery for close surgical observation. CT of the entire abdomen was performed just before the operation, which demonstrated inflammation in the omental fat. Surgery revealed primary omental torsion and subsequent resection of the infarcted segment offered a rapid recovery. We report a case of primary segmental omental torsion and discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic implications of this unusual entity.
 ...
PMID:Primary torsion of the greater omentum. An obscure and unusual cause of acute abdomen. 1741 Jul 38

Torsion of greater omentum is a rare cause of acute abdomen. However, it should be included in the differential diagnoses in addition to acute cholecystitis, acute appendicitis, cecal diverticulitis, and other variable causes of acute abdomen. Diagnosis is usually made at laparotomy for suspected appendicitis. In some cases, computed tomography demonstrates a successful preoperative detection of omental torsion. We report a case of surgically and pathologically proven torsion with subsequent infarction of greater omentum presented as an acute abdominal pain.
 ...
PMID:[A case of primary omental torsion presenting as an acute abdominal pain]. 1816 33

Acute appendicitis is a common surgical condition that is usually managed with early surgery, and is associated with low morbidity and mortality. However, some patients may have atypical symptoms and physical findings that may lead to a delay in diagnosis and increased complications. Atypical presentation may be related to the position of the appendix. Ascending retrocecal appendicitis presenting with right upper abdominal pain may be clinically indistinguishable from acute pathology in the gallbladder, liver, biliary tree, right kidney and right urinary tract. We report a series of four patients with retrocecal appendicitis who presented with acute right upper abdominal pain. The clinical diagnoses at presentation were acute cholecystitis in two patients, pyelonephritis in one, and ureteric colic in one. Ultrasound examination of the abdomen at presentation showed subhepatic collections in two patients and normal findings in the other two. Computed tomography (CT) identified correctly retrocecal appendicitis and inflammation in the retroperitoneum in all cases. In addition, abscesses in the retrocecal space (n = 2) and subhepatic collections (n = 2) were also demonstrated. Emergency appendectomy was performed in two patients, interval appendectomy in one, and hemicolectomy in another. Surgical findings confirmed the presence of appendicitis and its retroperitoneal extensions. Our case series illustrates the usefulness of CT in diagnosing ascending retrocecal appendicitis and its extension, and excluding other inflammatory conditions that mimic appendicitis.
 ...
PMID:Ascending retrocecal appendicitis presenting with right upper abdominal pain: utility of computed tomography. 1963 Jan 19


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 Next >>