Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0003615 (appendicitis)
 4,439 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In recent years patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) have experienced longterm survival and have demonstrated a number of intra-abdominal complications. This report evaluates the intra-abdominal complications seen in 69 of 189 children with cystic fibrosis from 1972 to 1983. Forty-one patients were boys and twenty-eight girls. Complications occurred in 36 neonates, with meconium ileus (MI) noted in 33 and giant cystic meconium peritonitis (GCMP) in 3. Meconium ileus equivalent occurred in seven older children presenting with bowel obstruction. In addition, rectal prolapse occurred in 12, inguinal hernia in 10, intussusception in 3, cholelithiasis in 3, GE reflux in 4, stress ulcer in 1 and appendicitis in 1. Three infants with GCMP survived resection and enterostomy. Infants with MI were divided into simple (15) or complicated (18) cases. Nonoperative therapy using gastrografin enema was successful in three of eight with simple MI. Operative enterotomy and irrigation was successful in three cases while resection and enterostomy was done in nine. MI was complicated by atresia, volvulus and/or perforation in 18 cases requiring resection and anastomosis or enterostomy. Survival for MI was 86% compared to 36% in 25 MI patients treated in the previous two decades. Meconium ileus equivalent was successfully managed using gastrografin enema in five of seven children. Only 3 of 12 children with rectal prolapse required repair. Two cases of intussusception were reduced while one required resection. Three of 10 children had hernia recurrence due to chronic pulmonary problems.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Intra-abdominal complications of cystic fibrosis. 404 71

A case of torsion of the gallbladder with gangrene in a 75-year-old woman is described. The diagnosis was established at laparotomy. The clinical features were suggestive of intestinal obstruction, while abdominal radiographs aroused suspicion of appendicitis and appendicular abscess; difficulty in preoperative diagnosis is emphasized.
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PMID:Torsion of the gallbladder. A case report. 404 85

Encapsulating peritonitis is characterized by the formation of a membrane which encases all or part of the abdominal viscera. It is a fibrous perivisceritis. It may answer to many different causes. Tuberculosis, though often considered, is only infrequently ascertained. Other etiologies are: trauma, colitis, jejuno-ileitis, appendicitis, etc. The clinical presentation is a subocclusive syndrome with, in some instances, a fixed abdominal mass giving a paradoxically resonant percussion note. Roentgenograms show gastroduodenal displacement, signs of stenosis, and agglutinated small bowel loops. The best procedure is excision of the membrane with complete decortication. Subsequently, the main risk is recurrence of bowel obstruction.
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PMID:[Peritonitis encapsulans]. 630 1

A new antibiotic drug of cephalosporin group, with marked resistance of beta-lactamase, cefmenoxime (CMX) for parenteral use was tested in 15 patients with acute peritonitis. CMX in a dose of 500 mg was given intramusculary before the operation, to 8 cases with appendicitis, and 2 cases with intestinal obstruction. In 3 cases with appendicitis and a case with intestinal perforation, CMX in a dose of 500-1,000 mg was given by intravenous injection before or during the operation. And in a case with appendicitis, CMX in a dose of 1 g was given by intravenous drip infusion before the operation. Tissue specimens of different sites or body fluids were taken during the operation and from the removed organs. The materials of purulent ascites were subsequently taken at intervals. Determination of CMX concentration was performed according to cup bioassay method with Proteus mirabilis ATCC 21100 strain. The peak of CMX concentration in purulent ascites of patient with panperitonitis for intestinal perforation was 39.5 microgram/ml at 41 minutes after 1 g intravenous administration. Concentration of CMX in pus in the appendix was 52.5 microgram/ml at 20 minutes after 1 g intravenous administration. In 15 patients with acute peritonitis, 11 patients were given CMX in a dose of 500 mg by intramuscular administration twice a day, and the serious 4 patients were given in a dose of 500 mg to 1 g by intravenous drip infusion twice a day. Clinical response was excellent in 10 cases, good in 5 cases, fair and poor were none.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Clinical study of cefmenoxime in acute peritonitis: clinical effect and tissue concentration of cefmenoxime]. 631 6

59 children with gangrenous (n = 11) or perforated (n = 48) appendicitis underwent a prospective, randomized trial and received cefazolin or cefazolin plus metronidazole. Whereas postoperative abscesses developed in 44% of the controls, they were seen in 7% of the children who had received metronidazole (p less than 0.001). Relaparotomy for intestinal obstruction had to be performed in 11% and 13% of the cases respectively. The germ most frequently isolated from the abscesses was Bacteroides fragilis.
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PMID:Metronidazole plus cefazolin versus cefazolin in gangrenous and perforated appendicitis in childhood--a prospective randomised trial. 635 88

326 patients presenting with acute abdominal pain to a hospital in Tampere were compared with others in England and Norway, and with a large series of 6097 cases collected under the auspices of the World Organization of Gastro-Enterology. The distribution of disease in these 326 Finnish patients bore remarkable similarities to the distribution in other countries. When subjected to a computer-aided diagnostic analysis, comparing Finnish patients with UK and world-wide data, as regards appendicitis, cholecystitis and nonspecific pain, the computer performed roughly as well as the clinicians diagnosing the same cases. It is concluded that these diseases therefore have a common presentation in Finland with that elsewhere. As regards small bowel obstruction however, the computer diagnosed only 22% of cases correctly, (compared with the accuracy of clinical diagnosis 73%). This leads us to conclude that this disease presents unusually in Scandinavia, and possible reasons are discussed.
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PMID:Presentation and diagnosis of acute abdominal pain in Finland: a computer aided study. 636 50

A new antibiotic drug of oxacephem, with marked resistance to beta-lactamase, 6059-S for parenteral use was tested in 10 patients with acute peritonitis. In 4 cases with appendicitis, 6059-S in a dose of 500 mg was given intramuscularly before operation. In 2 cases with perforate MECKEL'S diverticulitis and intestinal obstruction for right femoral hernia, 6059-S in a dose of 1 g was given by intravenous injection or intravenous drip infusion before or during operation. And in a case with peritonitis after gastrectomy for gastric cancer, 6059-S in a dose of 2 g was given by intravenous drip infusion. Tissue specimens of different sites or body fluids were taken during the operation and from the removed organs. The materials or purulent ascites were subsequently taken at intervals. Determination of 6059-S concentration was performed according to plate agar well bioassay method with Escherichia coli 7437 strain. The peak of 6059-S concentration in purulent ascites of patient with peritonitis for perforate MECKEL'S diverticulitis was 30.5 mcg/ml at 50 min. after 1 g intravenous administration. Concentration of 6059-S in drained pus was 8.38 mcg/ml soon after intravenous drip infusion (2 g, for 2 hrs.). In 10 patients with peritonitis, 6 patients were given 6059-S in a dose of 500 mg by intramuscular administration twice a day, and the serious 4 patients were given in a dose of 1 to 2 g by intravenous drip infusion 1 to 2 times a day. Clinical response was excellent in 6 cases, good in 3 cases, fair in 1 case and poor was none. Any clinical adverse effect was not recognized. On the 6059-S concentration in patients with peritonitis, the concentration in purulent ascites, drained pus and infected tissues were observed higher than the MIC of 6059-S against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Therefore 6059-S will be a very useful drug when used for chemotherapy of acute or subacute peritonitis.
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PMID:[Clinical studies on 6059-S for acute peritonitis. Clinical effect and tissue concentration (author's transl)]. 645 71

Acute surgical abdomen is a very serious situation that arises in various medical conditions. Common among them are appendicitis, foreign-body ingestion, and intestinal obstruction or perforation. These complications usually require emergency abdominal surgery. A case of rectal bleeding accompanied by acute surgical abdomen following the accidental ingestion of a toothpick is described in this report.
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PMID:Sigmoid colon perforation: result of accidental swallowing of a toothpick. 659 13

Unruptured amoebic liver abscess is usually not regarded as a surgical emergency. At University College Hospital, Ibadan, in a two-year period from June 1975 to May 1977, six cases of unruptured amoebic liver abscess underwent emergency exploratory laparotomy because they presented as cases of acute abdomen. The initial diagnoses made by senior physicians included perforated duodenal ulcer, intestinal obstruction, cholecystitis and appendicitis. All patients had persistent draining sinuses after surgery for periods ranging from one to five months. Neither the trophozoites nor the cystic forms of Entamoeba histolytica were present in the "abscess" which was essentially necrotic liver tissue. The diagnosis of amoebic liver abscess was based on clinical features: typical "anchovy" or chocolate-coloured aspirate from the liver, response to anti-amoebic therapy and serological studies.
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PMID:Unruptured amoebic liver abscess presenting as acute abdomen. 687 89

A study comparing the symptoms and signs of patients with acute Crohn's disease and those with acute appendicitis and intestinal obstruction is reported and a preliminary evaluation of computer-assisted diagnosis in this problem is given. There are significant differences between the three conditions. However, the accuracy of computer-assisted diagnosis in Crohn's disease is reduced by the high false positive rate of diagnosis in both appendicitis and intestinal obstruction. Computer accuracy in Crohn's disease may increase when further information is available to extend the data base.
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PMID:Computer-assisted diagnosis of acute Crohn's diseases. 699 11


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