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Query: UMLS:C0003615 (appendicitis)
 4,439 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Non-neoplastic gastrointestinal disease in South America is largely related to environmental conditions. Parasitic disorders, including Chagas' disease with megacolon, predominate in endemic regions. Common enteritides of various etiologie are frequent, whereas appendicits, diverticulosis of the colon, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are extremely rare. There was no appendicitis in native Indians of Paraguay.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal pathology in South America. 10 17

The humoral antibody response to Bacteroides fragilis infections in humans, with particular reference to ss. fragilis, was studied using an enzyme immunosorbent assay (EIA). Phenol-water extracted polysaccharide fractions (PS) from B. fragilis ss. fragilis, ss. ovatus, ss. distasonis and ss. vulgatus were used as antigens. Antibody titer determinations were done on sera collected from 57 patients where B. fragilis had been cultured and from 50 controls. In patients with septicemia caused by B. fragilis ss. fragilis a significant titer increase (greater than or equal to doubling) against PS from strain 9343 was seen during the course of the illness. In sera from patients with appendicitis, and where B. fragilis was isolated from the appendix, a titer increase against B. fragilis ss. fragilis 9343 was observed for 6 of 17 patients. However, in sera from 9 of the 17 patients a titer increase against B. fragilis ss. ovatus was also seen. No titer increase was observed in sera from most of the patients with salpingitis where B. fragilis had been isolated. In sera from 10 patients with Crohn's disease the median antibody titer against all four B. fragilis antigens was slightly higher than in sera from the controls. The median antibody titer against B. fragilis ss. ovatus was, however, significantly higher. Our experience is that a humoral antibody response against B. fragilis ss. fragilis can be expected in patients where the organism is isolated from blood. In diseases like appendicitis and salpingitis titer increases are less common. When they occur they are not necessarily directed against ss. fragilis only but are as frequent against ss. ovatus. Titer increases against ss. vulgatus and ss. distasonis are also seen. This raises the question if the observed titer increases are a consequence of a specific pathogenic role of B. fragilis in these infections, or if they merely represent the result of an antigenic stimulus as a result of an increased permeability of the mucosal barriers caused by inflammation and/or surgical manipulation.
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PMID:The humoral antibody response to Bacteroides fragilis infections in humans. 28 65

Starting with one case of acute granulomatous appendicitis of their own observation, the authors review the scant literature on the subject (only 23 published cases to date) and advocate systematic appendicectomy in all isolated appendicular localizations of Crohn's disease. On the grounds that no post-appendicectomy fistulization has ever been reported in such patients, the authors recommend prophylactic appendicectomy also in the far more frequent cases of acute ileitis, to forestall the possibility of evolution into chronic Crohn's disease and the risk of missing a nongranulomatous acute appendicitis appearing with the same clinical symptoms.
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PMID:[Acute granulomatous appendicitis. (Contribution to preventive appendectomy in acute ileitis)]. 39 53

Fourteen patients with primary Crohn's disease of the appendix have been seen in a 12 year period. These patients represent 12.8% of the total number undergoing surgical resection because of Crohn's disease. Twenty-three cases of appendiceal Crohn's disease have been previously reported in the literature. A correct preoperative diagnosis is rarely made; the usual diagnosis is that of acute appendicitis or appendiceal abscess. The removed appendix in twelve of our 14 cases had marked thickening of the wall with transmural fibrosis and often with granulomatous inflammation. The enlarged appendix had an external appearance similar to that of ileal Crohn's disease, and we consider a correct surgical diagnosis might be possible with better awareness of its existence. The diagnosis might be suspected earlier when the clinical course of apparent appendicitis is protracted or atypical. Contrary to the previous estimation of high recurrence rate, this series and the cumulative evidence in the literature show a relatively low rate at 14%. The feared fistula formation following the removal of the appendix has not been seen in either our series or the literature. These patients, however, merit long-term follow-up.
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PMID:Primary Crohn's disease of the appendix: report of 14 cases and review of the literature. 42 64

Gastrointestinal disease in middle Africa is changing. The traditional patterns were high frequencies of parasitic and infectious diseases and sigmoid volvulus, and low incidences of colonic polyps, carcinoma of the colon, appendicitis, diverticulosis, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. The current disease patterns are compared with those for gastrointestinal disease in developed countries and etiological factors are discussed.
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PMID:Epidemiology of chronic intestinal disease in middle Africa. 44 97

Two cases are reported of Crohn's disease localized to the appendix and manifested as acute appendicitis; after appendectomy a fistula developed. In none of 18 patients with Crohn's disease reported by other authors, where the appendix was the primary site, did a fistula develop postoperatively. When the appendix is the primary site of Crohn's disease the presence of mild inflammation of adjacent organs such as the terminal ileum may be mistakenly attributed to ordinary appendicitis. If, at exploratory laparotomy performed on a tentative diagnosis of appendicitis, Crohn's disease is suspected in the adjacent intestine, it is proposed that appendectomy should be followed by at least 10 days of total parenteral nutrition to minimize the risk of a fistula developing.
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PMID:Crohn's disease of the appendix, manifested as acute appendicitis with postoperative fistula. 45 56

A case of Crohn's disease of the appendix that simulated a cecal tumor is presented and 27 additional cases are reviewed. Crohn's disease of the appendix most commonly occurs in the younger patient, with 90 per cent in the second and third decades of life. Before operation, appendicitis or an appendiceal abscess is commonly diagnosed. Appendectomy should be performed, if possible; otherwise a limited ileocolectomy should be done. These patients should have a long-term follow-up program because inflammation can develop later in any part of the bowel. Crohn's disease of the appendix should be included in the differential diagnosis of pain or a palpable mass in the right lower quadrant, especially in the young adult patient.
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PMID:Crohn's disease of the appendix: report of a case and review of the literature. 69 27

The diagnosis of Crohn's disease in 13 patients (ten females and three males) at the Howard University Hospital during the ten-year period, 1965-1975, is examined. The most common presenting symptoms were right lower quadrant (RLQ) pain, diarrhea, anorexia, weight loss, and vomiting, while the most common physical finding was RLQ tenderness. Ileocolic involvement occurred most frequently. Eight patients had surgical resection. The most frequent operation was ileocolic resection with ileo-ascending colostomy. The chief indications for surgery were: (1) presumed appendicitis, (2) intestinal obstruction, and (3) internal fistulae.Crohn's disease seems to occur in blacks much less frequently than in whites. When compared to series of white patients reported by others, the series studied here has more females and more ileocolic involvement. In most other series, the greatest involvement is in the "ileum only" group.
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PMID:Crohn's disease in black patients. 85 35

A case report of documented Yersinial acute ileitis is presented. A review of the literature reveals that progression to Crohn's disease is uncommon. Yersinosis can present as several symptom complexes. Mesenteric lymphadenitis and terminal ileitis, however, appear to be the most common. The diagnosis is usually made during laparotomy for possible appendicitis, because the symptom complex may be very similar. If the only finding at laparotomy is a thickened edematous ileum, postoperative titers for Yersinia should be taken. A greater awareness is necessary before the true incidence and epidemiology can be ascertained.
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PMID:Acute yersinial ileitis: a distinct entity. 96 87

Vesico-intestinal fistulae were observed in 14 patients within a period of 10 years (vesico-colonic: ten; vesico-rectal: two; vesico-ileal and vesico-rectal-ileal: one each). The causes were diverticulitis in five, carcinoma of the sigmoid in two, radiation damage after prostatic or cervical carcinoma in two, and Crohn's disease, abscess of Douglas's pouch after perforated appendicitis, ileal carcinoma, sarcoma of the pelvis, and ovarian carcinoma, one each. Pneumaturia, faecaluria and dysuria were the most frequent symptoms, treatment-resistant cystitis was present in three. Cystoscopy, intravenous pyelogram, retrograde cystogram, barium meal, barium swallow with follow-through, and rectosigmoidoscopy proved to be the best methods of diagnosis. Four patients had multiple operations, three one operation, with a cure in all. In the neoplastic fistulae the underlying carcinoma could not be radically operated on: colostomy or colostomy with palliative resection was performed. In four of these the fistulae then closed, once it remained open. One woman with a vesicorectal fistula due to ovarian carcinoma died of tumor cachexia 16 days after a colostomy had been made.
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PMID:[Vesico-intestinal fistulae]. 114 97


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