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Query: UMLS:C0003129 (Anoxia)
 551 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This communication describes the effects of anoxia on rabbit proximal renal tubule element (ion) content by using high-resolution electron probe x-ray microanalytical imaging to obtain quantitative elemental data from subcellular compartments not previously resolvable with low-resolution imaging. These organelles and regions include the heterochromatin and euchromatin of the nucleus and the microvilli of the apical brush border, in addition to mitochondria, lysosomes, and cytoplasm. Anoxia of 40-min duration caused the expected decrease in K and increase in Na and Cl concentrations in the tubules with the cytoplasmic K:Na ratio declining to 0.13:1. These changes were accompanied by decreases in ATP and total K contents, and an increase in lactate dehydrogenase release. Swelling occurred in some cells as evidenced by ultrastructural changes. No alterations were evident after oxygen deprivation in Ca content of cytoplasm (control, 6.7 +/- 0.6 versus anoxia, 7.6 +/- 0.7 nmol/mg dry wt) or mitochondria (control, 4.0 +/- 0.4 versus anoxia, 4.9 +/- 0.6 nmol/mg dry wt) or in S content of recognizable lysosomes (control, 314 +/- 11 versus anoxia, 325 +/- 12 nmol/mg dry wt). Brush border (microvillus) Ca content was higher than cytoplasmic Ca content during normoxia (10.7 +/- 0.9 nmol/mg dry wt) and increased further during anoxia (17.0 +/- 1.0 nmol of Ca/mg dry wt). The finding of higher Ca content within the brush border region during normoxia is unexpected and novel, because such results suggest that Ca homeostasis in the apical elaboration of the proximal cell may be different from that in the cytoplasm. The results also raise the possibility that an increase in Ca content in the brush border membrane region may be involved in the pathogenesis of renal cell injury.
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PMID:Elemental microanalysis of organelles in proximal tubules. II. Effects of oxygen deprivation. 191 94

Disruption of the renal proximal tubule (PT) brush border is a prominent early event during ischemic injury to the kidney. The molecular basis for this event is unknown. Within the brush border, ezrin may normally link the cytoskeleton to the cell plasma membrane. Anoxia causes ezrin to dissociate from the cytoskeleton and also causes many cell proteins to become dephosphorylated in renal PTs. This study examines the hypothesis that ezrin dephosphorylation accompanies and may mediate the anoxic disruption of the rabbit renal PT. During normoxia, 73 +/- 3% of the cytoskeleton-associated (Triton-insoluble) ezrin was phosphorylated, but 88 +/- 6% of dissociated (Triton-soluble) ezrin was dephosphorylated. Phosphorylation was on serine/threonine resides, since ezrin was not detectable by an antibody against phosphotyrosine. After 60 min of anoxia, phosphorylation of total intracellular ezrin significantly decreased from 72 +/- 2% to 21 +/- 9%, and ezrin associated with the cytoskeleton decreased from 91 +/- 2% to 58 +/- 2%. Calyculin A (1 microM), the serine/threonine phosphatase inhibitor, inhibited the dephosphorylation of ezrin during anoxia by 57% and also blocked the dissociation of ezrin from the cytoskeleton by 53%. Our results demonstrate that (i) the association of ezrin with the renal microvillar cytoskeleton is correlated with phosphorylation of ezrin serine/threonine residues and (ii) anoxia may cause disruption of the renal brush border by dephosphorylating ezrin and thereby dissociating the brush border membrane from the cytoskeleton.
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PMID:Dephosphorylation of ezrin as an early event in renal microvillar breakdown and anoxic injury. 763 19