Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0003129 (Anoxia)
 551 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Energy coupling for uptake of glycine and alanine in glycerol grown cells of Escherichia coli differs from that of the aromatic amino acids. Respiration and uptake of glycine and alanine show similar inactivations in cells exposed to high intensity violet light or to various concentrations of cyanide. In contrast,uptake of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan is resistant to effects of light or cyanide. Anoxia largely inhibits uptake of glycine and alanine while that of the aromatic amino acids is only partially affected. Furthermore, ferricyanide (but not ferrocyanide) completely restores active uptake of aromatic amino acids under anoxic conditions but is without effect on glycine and alanine uptake. Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) concentration does not increase in anoxic cells exposed to ferricyanide, indicating that ATP cannot be responsible for this restoration. The data suggest that glycine and alanine represent amino acids whose transport shows a complete dependence on energy derived from respiration, while the energy for transport of the aromatic amino acids may be obtained from other sources
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PMID:Coupling of glycine and alanine transport to respiration in cells of Escherichia coli. 109 36

The transient receptor potential (trp) gene superfamily encodes cation channels that act as multimodal sensors for a wide variety of stimuli from outside and inside the cell. Upon sensing, they transduce electrical and Ca(2+) signals via their cation channel activities. These functional features of TRP channels allow the body to react and adapt to different forms of environmental changes. Indeed, members of one class of TRP channels have emerged as sensors of gaseous messenger molecules that control various cellular processes. Nitric oxide (NO), a vasoactive gaseous molecule, regulates TRP channels directly via cysteine (Cys) S-nitrosylation or indirectly via cyclic GMP (cGMP)/protein kinase G (PKG)-dependent phosphorylation. Recent studies have revealed that changes in the availability of molecular oxygen (O(2)) also control the activation of TRP channels. Anoxia induced by O(2)-glucose deprivation and severe hypoxia (1% O(2)) activates TRPM7 and TRPC6, respectively, whereas TRPA1 has recently been identified as a novel sensor of hyperoxia and mild hypoxia (15% O(2)) in vagal and sensory neurons. TRPA1 also detects other gaseous molecules such as hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) and carbon dioxide (CO(2)). In this review, we focus on how signaling by gaseous molecules is sensed and integrated by TRP channels.
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PMID:TRP channels: sensors and transducers of gasotransmitter signals. 2293 72

The transient receptor potential (trp) gene superfamily encodes TRP proteins that act as multimodal sensor cation channels for a wide variety of stimuli from outside and inside the cell. Upon chemical or physical stimulation of cells, TRP channels transduce electrical and/or Ca(2+) signals via their cation channel activities. These functional features of TRP channels allow the body to react and adapt to different forms of environmental changes. Indeed, members of one class of TRP channels have emerged as sensors of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), reactive carbonyl species (RCS), and gaseous messenger molecules including molecular oxygen (O2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and carbon dioxide (CO2). Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), an ROS, triggers the production of ADP-ribose, which binds and activates TRPM2. In addition to TRPM2, TRPC5, TRPV1, and TRPA1 are also activated by H2O2 via modification of cysteine (Cys) free sulfhydryl groups. Nitric oxide (NO), a vasoactive gaseous molecule, regulates TRP channels directly via Cys S-nitrosylation or indirectly via cyclic GMP (cGMP)/protein kinase G (PKG)-dependent phosphorylation. Anoxia induced by O2-glucose deprivation and severe hypoxia activates TRPM7 and TRPC6, respectively, whereas TRPA1 serves as a sensor of mild hypoxia and hyperoxia in vagal and sensory neurons. TRPA1 also detects other gaseous molecules, such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbon dioxide (CO2). In this review, we highlight our current knowledge of TRP channels as chemosensors for ROS, RNS, RCS, and gaseous molecules and discuss their functional impacts on physiological and pathological events.
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PMID:TRPs as chemosensors (ROS, RNS, RCS, gasotransmitters). 2496 69