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Query: UMLS:C0003128 (anovulation)
 1,718 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Between 1977 and 1981 1319 patients consulted our hospital with the problem of sterility. 763 women became pregnant, 200 were treated with clomiphen . In 69 cases we used a combination with other agents, because ovulation could not be induced with clomiphen alone. 7 times we combined clomiphen with HCG, in 7 other cases with Prednisolon . Ovulation and pregnancy occurred subsequent to a treatment with Estradiolvalerianate -Norgestrel and clomiphen in 15 patients, in 32 patients after administration of a combination of clomiphen and Bromocriptine. The inadequate cervical mucus which may develop in patients during clomiphen therapy was treated with an additional low dose of ethinylestradiol. Our retrospective study confirms the value of a combination therapy in the treatment of anovulation and sterility.
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PMID:[Additive therapy in ovulation induction with clomiphene]. 656 89

Depressive illness has been associated with reversible abnormalities in the pituitary response of growth hormone, prolactin, and ACTH-cortisol. We saw similar neuroendocrine abnormalities in a patient with pseudocyesis. Normalization of the hormonal responses occurred with resolution of the pseudocyesis. Ovarian responsiveness to HCG suggests pseudocyesis to be of central hypothalamic-pituitary origin similar to polycystic ovarian disease, with neuroendocrine data consistent with reversible depression. In patients with affective illness, ovulatory disturbances may be the presenting symptom. Thorough psychosocial evaluation may be an important tool in the diagnosis of and therapy for anovulation.
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PMID:Neuroendocrine indices of depression in pseudocyesis. A case report. 670 24

The authors have studied daily hormone monitoring (Estradiol 17B, FSH, LH, Progesterone) and ultrasound (the size of the follicles and the number of the follicles) in 17 inductions using Clomiphene and 16 using HMG and HCG in cases mainly of dysovulation, but also of anovulation, in women who had previously been treated by induction that had failed. They establish the difference in the results obtained as far as (Estradiol 17B concerned, as far as the number of follicle that were stimulated or the size of the pre-ovulatory follicle, according to whether Clomiphene or sequential HMG-HCG had been used as a method of induction. They analyse the liability of the criteria for screening by plasma levels and by ultrasound and the correlation between these two parameters.
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PMID:[A comparative study of monitoring induction of ovulation using clomiphene and HMG-HCG. Hormonal and ultrasound profiles (author's transl)]. 679 55

Combined FSH and HCG treatment was applied to patients in whom anovulation had been found to be the cause of sterility. Results were separately evaluated for patients in normal gonadotrophic conditions, on the one hand, and those in hypogonadotrophic conditions, on the other. They were compared with findings obtained from other groups between which no distinction had been possible due to the use of earlier methods for gonadotrophin determination. Lower RIA values for FSH or LH seemed to be more promising in terms of therapeutic success, with gravidity having been recorded from 44 per cent of hypogonadotrophic patients. The conclusion was drawn that prolactin-, FSH- or LH-RIA methods should be practicable for optimum treatment on a routine basis of patients with sterility due to anovulation. The data reported in this paper were derived from 54 patients in 117 therapeutic series.
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PMID:[Results of gonadotropin therapy in hypogonadotropic anovulation]. 681

Reported in this paper are results obtained from treatment of 246 patients for sterility in WHO Group II to whom clomiphene had been applied. Some of these patients had been earlier treated without success, using combined oestrogen-gestagen preparations. Primary sterility was manifest in 86 per cent of the cases, and biphasic cycle was recorded from 95 per cent of the probands.--The pregnancy rate was 30.1 per cent, but 22 per cent of pregnancies ended in abortion. Multiple pregnancy was observed in four per cent. Minor side effects occurred in 1.2 per cent of the cases.--Best results were 36 per cent in cases of secondary amenorrhoea and 32 per cent in cases of anovulation. Sixty-six per cent of all pregnancies occurred in the first three cycles of treatment. Eight per cent of the women grew pregnant six months within discontinuation of clomiphene medication. An unambiguous interdependence was found to exist between age of the patient, length over time of desire of children, and rate of conception. The pregnancy rate fell to 15 per cent in women beyond 30 years of age. A pregnancy rate of 35 per cent was achieved in 110 women in whom sterility had been solely caused by functional aspects, while 27 per cent were achieved for couples with additional fertility-depressing factors. Moderate increase of clomiphene doses, homologous insemination, and flanking HCG injections helped to improve success of the basic therapy to the order of 119 per cent.--Efforts in terms of monitoring and general therapeutic input are higher than those associated with ovarian hormone therapy of sterile couples, though justified by better results.
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PMID:[Therapeutic results obtained from women with functional sterility. Second communication: clomiphene therapy (author's transl)]. 709 Jun 34

In order to elucidate the mechanism of anovulation and luteal insufficiency that occur in hyperprolactinemia, the direct effect of prolactin (PRL) on luteal cells in vitro was investigated using human luteal cells in a monolayer cell culture. 1) The direct effect of PRL (that was kindly provided by the National Institute of Arthritis, Metabolism and Digestive Diseases) as seen in the production of P was such that when PRL concentrations were 1 through 100ng/ml the luteal stimulatory action was demonstrated, but in concentrations above 100ng/ml the stimulatory action was attenuated, and at 1 microgram/ml inhibitory effects were observed. 2) There was no significant difference between the PRL-added group and non-added group on the production of E2 and 17OHP. 3) Production of P in the HCG 100ng group increased to about 4 times that of the non-added group. Production of P in the group with simultaneous addition of PRL 1 microgram-HCG 100ng also showed a similar degree of increase. From the above, it is concluded that PRL alone exerts a direct effect on luteal cells that is luteotropic and luteolytic, depending on the different concentrations of PRL. These facts suggested that the direct inhibitory effect of PRL on the ovary was one of the causes of anovulation and luteal insufficiency during hyperprolactinemia in vivo.
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PMID:[Direct effect of prolactin on the ovary by monolayer culture of human luteal cells]. 715 98

A survey in 1996 of our female patients suggest that the three commonest causes of infertility were endometriosis, anovulation and idiopathic which comprises of about 70% of all the patients. In the male patients, sperm morphology evaluation by critical criteria showed that abnormal morphology was present in 71% while 87% of all the semen analysis were abnormal. The objective of this study was to assess the status of IUI before proceeding to formulate patient protocols for IVF in a tertiary infertility referral unit. A retrospective study of patients data was done from Jan 1995 to Dec 1996. Ovarian stimulation by clomiphene for anovulatory and idiopathic patients was performed on couples with at least one patent fallopian tube. Ovulation induction was by an intramuscular injection of 5000 i.u of HCG after follicular maturation. IUI was performed approximately 36-40 hours later. A total of 74 couples received 114 treatment cycles producing a total of 9 conceptions. The conception rate of IUI was therefore 7.89% per cycle and 12.16% per couple with the cumulative pregnancy rate of 28.21%. Associated success features of IUI found in this study were the age of the woman and the semen parameters of the husband.
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PMID:Assessing the status of intrauterine insemination before forming a medically assisted conception unit. 1097 7


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