Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0003128 (anovulation)
 1,718 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Among 62 patients with galactorrhoea a corpus luteum deficiency or anovulatory cycles were found in 35 cases by serum progesterone determination, endometrial biopsy or basal body temperature records. 27 patients had a hyperpro-lactenemic amenorrhoea-galactorrhoea syndrome. During treatment with 2.5-5 mg. of Pravidel daily the basal body temperature was recorded, the concentrations of serum FSH, LH, Prolactin and progesterone were determined by radioimmunoassay. Other possible reasons for infertility were investigated. 10 of the 19 patients with normal serum prolactins in the group with deficient corpus luteum or anovulation became pregnant after a short duration of treatment, whereas only 2 of the 16 patients with hyperprolactenemia became pregnant. Among 27 patients with secondary amenorrhoea 11 became pregnant. All these patients had increased serum prolactins. During treatment with Pravidel all patients showed a significant increase of FSH and LH concentrations and a decrease of the prolactin concentrations. The outcome of the pregnancy of the 58 patients who became pregnant during treatment with Pravidel was also reported. 14 of the 58 pregnancies occured following additional treatment with Dyneric or HMG/HCG. Up to now there were 18 term deliveries following uneventful pregnancies. There were no fetal anomalies. The abortion rate was not higher than in the general population. All results show that euprolactinemia is not alone characterized by normal prolactin concentration. The clinical signs and symptoms of galactorrhoea without increase of prolactin over 20 ng/ml. in conjunction with ovarian dysfunction must be classified as dysprolactinemia.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical experimental studies in the treatment of ovarian dysfunction with bromo-ergocryptin (pravidel) (author's transl)]. 68 May 50

This study presents 6 cases of sterility that had anovulation or disturbances of ovulation treated by HMG HCG. Induction of ovulation was monitored by daily urinary oestrogen assays. The parallel study of the plasma profiles of oestradiol 17 beta, of FSH, and of LH obtained during the induction of ovulation show that the cycles in induced ovulation are not physiological in character. On comparison of the plasma profiles with the urinary profiles a significance delay is shown in the urinary oestrogen profile as compared with the plasma one and explains to a certain extent the results that were obtained.
 ...
PMID:[The plasma and urinary hormone profiles during treatment with human gonadotrophins (author's transl)]. 74 68

Twenty seven women with anovulation were given 121 courses of gonadotrophins monitored by excretion of estrogen and pregnanediol. The FSH, ovulating dosage of HCG, time interval between FSH and HCG and subsequent supporting doses of HCG were varied in a statistical design. None significantly affected ovulation or pregnancy rates. The preparation with an FSH:LH ratio of 1 required a lower dosage to initiate an estrogen response than that with a ratio of 5. After adjustment it still produced a faster rise in estrogen excretion. The amount of estrogen also varied with the time interval between FSH and HCG, the ovulating dose of HCG and supporting doses of HCG. The amount of pregnanediol varied with the ovulating dose of HCG and the length of the luteal phase varied with the ovulating dose of HCG and supporting injections of HCG. The dosage of FSH needed to initiate a response increased on average by 8% from one course to the next. Simplicity, economy and risk of multiple pregnancy are discussed in relation to these variables.
 ...
PMID:Analysis of variables in treatment of anovulation with human gonadotrophins. 108 28

Ten patients with hypothalamic anovulation weretreated with a "retard" preparation of synthetic luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) after an HMG stimulation in order to induce ovulation and pregnancy. Four of the patient ovulated after intramuscular administration of the LHRH preparation. This study suggests that is is possible to induce ovulation with LHRH in patients pretreated with HMG, and that LHRH has advantages over HCG since it does not induce hyperstimulation even in the presence of exagerated follicular growth. Nevertheless, the optimal conditions for the use and monitoring of LHRH treatment have yet to be clarified.
 ...
PMID:Hormonal profiles in anovulatory patients treated with gonadotropins and synthetic luteinizing hormone releasing hormone. 109 74

In a series of 126 therapeutic cycles in 48 patients with primary infertility and treated with HMG for anovulation or preparation to insemination, ovulation was triggered by endogenous LH instead of HCG when the patient was considered to be at high risk for ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHS), (plasma oestradiol greater than 1200 pg/ml) and/or multiple pregnancy (greater than 3 follicles greater than 17 mm in diameter). The endogenous LH surge was provoked and maintained by intranasal buserelin 200 micrograms three times at 8-hourly intervals. In the 37 cycles with buserelin, no OHS occurred despite high preovulatory levels of oestradiol; a single twin pregnancy was recorded despite the presence of numerous mature preovulatory follicles. Conception results (21.6% pregnancy per therapeutic cycle) compared favourably with HCG administration (16.8%). It is concluded that, when ovulation must be triggered in a hazardous situation, the use of endogenous LH through the administration of a short-acting GnRH analogue prevents the complications of exaggerated follicular stimulation.
 ...
PMID:Triggering ovulation with endogenous luteinizing hormone may prevent the ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. 191 98

The results of ovulation induction in patients with ovulatory dysfunction were reviewed for a one year period. Eighty-six women were assigned to four groups: secondary amenorrhea, anovulation, oligo-ovulation, and luteal phase defect/short luteal phase (LPD). All patients were monitored with basal body temperature (BBT) graph, postcoital testing, and ultrasonic scanning of ovarian follicles. All patients received therapy with clomiphene citrate (CC) for a minimum of four cycles and 13 patients conceived. Fifty patients were offered additional therapy with human menopausal gonadotropins (HMG-HCG). Seventeen completed a minimum of four cycles, and 13 conceived. The number of CC-treated patients with poor mucus quality in the face of adequate follicular development was 24, or 48%. The overwhelming problem with ovulation induction when CC failed was the large number of patients who dropped out of therapy, 48%. In summary, close monitoring during ovulation induction to confirm ovulation, and assess mucus quality and luteal function allow detection and correction of inadequate response. Induction of ovulation can be highly successful if patients can follow through and complete protocols of therapy.
 ...
PMID:Methods of ovulation induction. 210 29

Ovarian stimulation with pure urinary FSH (Fertinorm, Serono Freiburg, FRG) shows therapeutic efficacy in patients with chronic clomiphene-resistant anovulation and elevated androgen levels. In case of unsatisfactory ovarian response the rate of success can be improved by adding HMG. 20 patients were stimulated for a total of 36 cycles. Cycle monitoring was performed by transbdominal ultrasound and cervical mucus evaluation. Hormone determination (E2, LH, FSH, prolactin, testosterone, DHEAS) was carried out retrospectively. In 17 cycles HMG was added because of insufficient follicle maturation. Upon achieving a dominant follicle with a diameter of more than 1.6 cm (25 cycles, 14 of those with FSH stimulation only) HCG was applied for induction of ovulation. In 22 cycles ovulation occurred. 7 of those revealed sings of luteal phase deficiency. In anovulatory cycles (n = 3) there was a discrepancy between sonography and E2-levels. Premature increase in LH, partly with subsequent luteinization of follicles was observed in 7 of all 36 cycles (19.4%), 2 of those under sole FSH-stimulation. The number of dominant follicles on the day of HCG-application was 1.40 +/- 1.06 (n = 15) in cycles with FSH alone and 2.09 +/- 1.76 (n = 11) in cycles with additional HMG. Hyperstimulation (more than 4 leading follicles) was induced in 9 cycles (5 cycles with FSH only). In 7 (4) cases HCG had to be cancelled. Polyfollicular ovarian reaction and premature increase in LH preferentially occurred in cycles with high basel levels of LH and elevated LH/FSH-ratio.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical and endocrinologic aspects of treatment with pure FSH. A report of experiences]. 210 49

The Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCO) is characterised by an elevated ratio of serum LH to FSH in presence of an intrafollicular deficiency of FSH activity. Ovulation induction by "pure" FSH seems therefore a reasonable approach to longstanding chronic anovulation in infertile patients suffering from PCO. 68 treatment cycles have been conducted in 30 patients with PCO and chronic clomiphene-resistant anovulation. Ovulation has been induced by HCG in 57 of the 68 cycles. The pregnancy rate was 58.6% per patient, the success rate 46.7% per patient. Clinical abortions occurred in 17.6% of the pregnancies obtained. 3 twins and 2 triplets have been delivered at term. A hyperstimulation syndrome (HSS) of grade I (WHO) has been observed in 19.1%, a HSS of grade II (WHO) in 8.8% of the treatment cycles. 46.3% of the 54 analysed cycles presented a premature LH-surge leading to an atresia of the dominant follicle. Considering the high incidence of a premature elevation of endogenous LH, an additional administration of exogenous LH should be avoided. This consideration as well as the good success rate in the present series speak in favour of using "pure" FSH for induction of follicular maturation in clomiphene-resistant PCO.
 ...
PMID:[Induction of follicle maturation with "pure" FSH in polycystic ovary syndrome]. 313 13

6 infertile women with primary or secondary amenorrhoea or anovulation, who failed to ovulate after clomiphene and HMG/HCG treatment, underwent 11 treatment cycles with pulsatile GnRH therapy using a portable pump. Normal ovulation occurred in 9 out of 11 treatment cycles; the luteal phase was normal in 6 cycles. One woman conceived in the second treatment cycle.
 ...
PMID:[Induction of ovulation using pulsatile GnRH administration to infertile females]. 352 42

Seventeen patients with anovulation or luteal deficiency were tested with HMG-HCG for 40 cycles. Follicular development was monitored daily by measurement of immunoreactive plasma estrogen. Ovulation was evaluated by determination of plasma progesterone. Ovulation was induced in 16 patients and 37 of 40 cycles (93%). Fourteen pregnancies occurred in 13 patients. Plasma estrogen measurements in ovulatory cycles at the time of HCG injection ranged from 315 to 1,482 pg/ml (mean 764 pg/ml). Mild hyperstimulation occurred in two cycles with preovulatory estrogen values of 720 pg/ml and 784 pg/ml. The highest preovulatory estrogen level which was followed by anovulation was 493 pg/ml. The preovulatory estrogen peak in one triplet pregnancy measured 1,356 pg/ml. Determinants of treatment failure included inadequate follicular stimulation, interruption of HMG therapy for more than 1 day, previous ovarian wedge resection, and congenital anomaly of the uterus. Increase in body weight required higher doses of drug therapy in one case. We conclude that optimal estrogen levels prior to HCG injection range from 500 to 700 pg/ml. The risks for ovarian hyperstimulation and multiple pregnancy may be reduced and ovulation accomplished by daily administration of HMG until the defined estrogen level is reached.
 ...
PMID:Monitoring of ovulation induction with HMG-HCG therapy by plasma estrogen and progesterone. 612 Sep 8


1 2 Next >>