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Query: UMLS:C0003123 (anorexia)
 13,794 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Canine hepatozoonosis is presented with 3 cases. The most common signs are: fever, anorexia, weight loss, diarrhea and vomiting, muscle weakness, lymphadenopathy, anemia and purulent discharge from the nose and the eyes. Because an infection with H. canis in the dog is often associated with other infectious diseases such as leishmaniasis, ehrlichiosis and babesiosis, the clinical picture may be dominated by these diseases. The diagnosis is made with the typical inclusions in neutrophilic granulocytes and monocytes. Only short remissions may be obtained with the presently available medications.
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PMID:[Imported hepatozoonosis in the dog: 3 cases]. 967 35

A 14-month-old shorthaired cat was presented to the Animal Hospital in Skara, Sweden, with a two-day history of lethargy, anorexia and tachypnoea. Clinical examination and laboratory investigations revealed fever, dehydration, tick infestation, neutrophilia with left shift, lymphopenia, hyperglycaemia and intracytoplasmic neutrophilic Ehrlichia inclusions. After treatment with intravenous doxycycline and lactated Ringer's solution the temperature returned to normal. Oral treatment with doxycycline continued for 20 days. The ehrlichiosis diagnosis was confirmed by serology, polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing. No relapse was observed during the eight-month follow-up period. The granulocytotropic Ehrlichia strain found in the cat was later characterised by analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence which showed 100 per cent identity to DNA sequences found in Swedish canine and equine granulocytotropic Ehrlichia strains. This is, to the best of the authors' knowledge, the first reported case of granulocytic ehrlichiosis in a cat.
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PMID:Feline granulocytic ehrlichiosis--a report of a new clinical entity and characterisation of the infectious agent. 1009 38

Canine ehrlichiosis is a highly variable syndrome presenting a significant differential diagnostic difficulty. It imitates many metabolic and infectious diseases and lacks standardized diagnostic criteria, common reagents, and database resources. A clinical diagnosis of canine ehrlichiosis may be based on the manifestation of fever, thrombocytopenia, anorexia, nasolacrimal discharge, epistaxis, and exclusion of autoimmune and common canine vector borne diseases. These parameters are not invariably observed especially in the atypical form of the disease often caused by species other than Ehrlichia canis. A definitive diagnosis is based on the presence of specific antibodies to ehrlichial agent(s), the demonstration of the etiologic agent(s) itself, or specific amplicons by a strigently quality controlled PCR protocol. The relationship of the various clinical and laboratory parameters, the status of the currently available tests, and their real or presumed predictive value are discussed in the context of stimulating an effort to formulate an international standard for the diagnosis of this and related diseases of man and animals.
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PMID:Standardization of the diagnostic criteria for canine ehrlichiosis. Towards a universal case definition. 1119 52

Equine granulocytic and monocytic ehrlichiosis caused by Ehrlichia equi and E. risticii, respectively, are seasonal diseases in horses that occur throughout the United States E. equi is transmitted by lxodes ticks and causes high fever, depression, anorexia, limb edema, petechiation, icterus, ataxia, and stiffness in gait. E. risticii, also known as the agent of Potomac horse fever, causes a febrile illness with a colitis of variable severity. Its occurrence is associated with aquatic habitats. The natural route of transmission is oral, through the ingestion of E. risticii infected trematode stages either free in water or in an intermediate host, such as aquatic animals.
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PMID:Ehrlichial diseases. 1121 45

Medical records of thirty-five consecutive cases of canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis (CGE) diagnosed cytologically in Central Italy in 1995-2000 were analysed retrospectively. Tick exposure was reported in 16 dogs (45.7%) and concurrent babesiosis in 19 dogs (54.3%). Ehrlichia-like inclusion bodies were found in neutrophils in a percentage varying from 0.5% to 11%. Frequently recorded clinical signs included anorexia (71.4%), lethargy (45.7%), conjunctivitis (31.4%), fever (25.7%), lameness (20%) and ataxia (20%). Among the 16 representative dogs in which protein, electrophoresis was performed, 10 (62.5%) showed high globulin levels and 6 (37.5%) had concurrent high total protein levels. During treatment with doxycycline, all associated symptoms, including those unusually described, such as pyoderma intertrigo, erythema, apparent blindness and oral papillomatosis, progressively disappeared in 31 (89%) out of 35 dogs. The efficacy of treatment was marked in dogs simultaneously treated twice with imidocarb dipropionate: among the 14 dogs in which a fast recovery was noted, 11 (80%) were concurrently affected by babesiosis and consequently treated with the specific medicament leading to excellent outcomes. The main conclusion is that CGE is present among dogs from Central Italy and should be included in the differential diagnosis of possible zoonotic agents affecting the canine population.
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PMID:Canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis (CGE) in Italy. 1268 28

The authors review equine granulocytic ehrlichiosis (EGE) in Italy from 1996 to 2002. In 1996, the first case of EGE has been observed in a horse affected with specific symptomatology (fever, lethargy, anorexia, limb edema, thrombocytopenia, and petechiae). In 1997, a seroepidemiological survey was performed in the province of Rome on 563 animals using IFAT. The authors describe the last case, which occurred on 2002 in a 15-year-old male, bay, half-breed, tick-infested horse. Clinical features included fever, lethargy, limb edema, icterus, leukocytopenia, and thrombocytopenia. Laboratory tests were positive for ELISA and IFAT and several morulae were seen in the cytoplasm of neutrophils in buffy coat smears. The authors think that in Italy the prevalence of EGE is underestimated because of the nonpathognomonic clinical symptoms, the diffusion of specific infected vector, and the nonroutine nature of specific laboratory tests.
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PMID:Equine ehrlichiosis in Italy. 1286 Jun 37

Nineteen dogs from Greece with chronic ehrlichiosis were studied. The dogs exhibited bicytopenia or pancytopenia, bone marrow hypoplasia, seroreactivity to Ehrlichia canis (E. canis) antigens, and had no history of drug or radiation exposure. Anorexia, depression, severe bleeding tendencies, hypoalbuminemia, and increased serum alanine aminotransferase activity were also hallmarks of the disease. All these animals eventually died, irrespective of the treatment applied. Some dogs were also serologically positive for Rickettsia conorii, Leishmania infantum (L. infantum), and Bartonella vinsonii subspp. berkhoffii. Polymerase chain reaction testing of bone marrow samples revealed E. canis, Anaplasma phagocytophilia, Anaplasma platys, and L. infantum in some dogs. Concurrent infections did not appear to substantially influence the clinical course and final outcome of the chronic canine ehrlichiosis.
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PMID:Chronic canine ehrlichiosis (Ehrlichia canis): a retrospective study of 19 natural cases. 1513 Oct 97

A 4-year-old spayed female Irish Setter was examined because of acute onset of lethargy, anorexia, and weakness. The dog had eaten an adult rabbit 36 hours earlier. Tularemia was suspected because of the rabbit exposure; however, other common diseases characterized by fever, malaise, and lymphadenopathy of acute onset were also considered (ie, ehrlichiosis and Rocky Mountain spotted fever). The dog was treated with doxycycline (5 mg/kg [2.3 mg/lb], PO, q 24 h) for 14 days as well as supportive treatment with a balanced electrolyte solution (lactated Ringer's solution [200 mL, SC]). The diagnosis was first established by results of bacteriologic cultures of fine-needle aspirates obtained from lymph nodes and confirmed by results of ELISA and a polymerase chain reaction assay Successful and timely antemortem diagnosis of tularemia in dogs can be accomplished through lymph node aspiration and bacteriologic culture.
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PMID:Naturally occurring tularemia in a dog. 1534 61

A retrospective study was performed at the Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals at Utrecht University amongst 75 dogs diagnosed with a Babesia canis and/or an Ehrlichia canis infection. The majority of the dogs had visited an endemic area (most often the Mediterranean area or the Dutch Antilles), but two dogs became infected with Babesia in the Netherlands. Babesia infections were associated with a stay in an endemic area and an incubation period that are both significantly shorter (less than 3 months) than those for Ehrlichia and co-infections (more than 3 months). Reasons for the owner to seek veterinary attention (lethargy, anorexia, fever), findings from the physical examination (pale mucous membranes, hepato-/splenomegaly) and laboratory results (anemia, thrombocytopenia, hypo-albuminemia) were highly aspecific, making serology or PCR mandatory for diagnosing infections. Antigenic stimulation by the parasite sometimes resulted in immune-mediated diseases such as immune-mediated hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, glomerulonefritis, and polyarthritis and in the case of ehrlichiosis in hypergammaglobulinemia. Specific therapy (imidocarb-diproprionate and/or doxycycline) was necessary, and because combined infections were common, it was considered appropriate to administer both drugs while the definitive diagnosis was being established. The prognosis was reasonably good, with almost half of all patients showing no clinical signs after treatment, although Babesia and co-infections were associated with a significantly longer survival sometimes resulted than Ehrlichia infections.
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PMID:[Ehrlichia and Babesia infections in dogs in The Netherlands]. 1562 93

Fifteen cats from Italy with Ehrlichia-like inclusion bodies in their neutrophils were studied. They were diagnosed with Anaplasma (Ehrlichia) phagocytophilum infection on the basis of cytological observation of morulae within 1 to 21 per cent of their neutrophils, clinical signs characteristic of ehrlichiosis and their response to doxycycline. The predominant signs of disease were anorexia, lethargy, hyperaesthesia, muscle and joint pain, lameness, neck rigidity, lymphadenomegaly, gingivitis/periodontitis, conjunctivitis, weight loss, incoordination, pale mucous membranes and hyperglobulinaemia. The cat with inclusions in 21 per cent of its neutrophils had suffered arthralgia, tachypnoea, neck rigidity, vomiting and thrombocytopenia for four months, but recovered promptly after treatment with doxycycline.
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PMID:Microscopic and clinical evidence for Anaplasma (Ehrlichia) phagocytophilum infection in Italian cats. 1595


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