Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0003090 (arthrodesis)
 8,374 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Polypeptide growth factors are a class of potent natural biologic mediators which regulate many of the activities of wound healing including cell proliferation, migration, and metabolism. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) have been shown to regulate DNA and protein synthesis in bone cells in vitro and to interact synergistically to enhance soft tissue wound healing in vivo. We have hypothesized that the combination of PDGF and IGF-I may, therefore, enhance regeneration of both the soft and hard tissue components of the periodontium. To test this hypothesis we performed conventional periodontal surgery on all 4 quadrants of the mouth of 13 beagle dogs with naturally occurring periodontal disease. Following flap reflection, degranulation, and root planing, all premolar teeth in 2 quadrants of each dog received a combination of 3 micrograms of recombinant PDGF-B and IGF-I in a methylcellulose gel, while the premolar teeth in the contralateral quadrants received the gel alone. Teeth in 4 additional animals also received 125I-PDGF or 125I-IGF-I in the treated sites. The clearance rate of the 125I-labeled protein, changes in local bone metabolism, and amount of new bone and cementum with inserting collagen fibers were measured. The clearance studies revealed that the half-life of the factors at the site of application was 3.0 hours for IGF-I and to 4.2 hours for PDGF-B. Greater than 96% of the radio-labeled proteins was cleared by 96 hours and no radioactivity was detected 2 weeks after application. There was a significant (P less than 0.01) 2-fold increase in uptake of the bone-seeking radiopharmaceutical Technetium 99-MDP at 2 and 4 weeks in growth factor treated sites compared to controls, indicating that there was increased metabolic activity within the bone at these sites. Computer-aided histologic analyses of biopsies obtained at 2 and 5 weeks post-operatively revealed a significant (P less than 0.01), 5 to 10 fold increase in new bone and cementum in PDGF-B/IGF-I treated sites at both time points compared to controls receiving the placebo gel. The height and total area of new bone continued to increase from 2 to 5 weeks. The new bone underwent a normal maturation process as judged by histologic appearance. A physiologic periodontal ligament space was also formed between the new bone and new cementum. There was no increase in ankylosis in the treated sites.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:The effects of short-term application of a combination of platelet-derived and insulin-like growth factors on periodontal wound healing. 192 13

Quantitative sacroiliac and lumbar spine radio-isotope (Tc-99m MDP) scans were performed in 42 patients with ankylosing spondylitis, and repeated 12 months later in 25. Clinical and laboratory assessments as well as computerised tomographic (CT) scans of the sacroiliac joints (SIJ) and lateral lumbar spine x-rays, were performed. Bone (using the L3/4 area of the lumbar spine, sacrum, SIJ's and knee) to soft tissue (ST) ratios all correlated strongly with each other. Patients with high SIJ:ST ratios had significantly greater low-back stiffness (p less than 0.05). Change in serum IgA levels correlated negatively with change in bone: ST ratios. There was no relationship between bone: ST ratios and any other clinical or laboratory variables. The change in SIJ:ST ratios correlated positively with change in CT erosion score (p less than 0.05) and negatively with change in CT ankylosis score (p less than 0.05).
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PMID:Quantitative radio-isotope scanning in ankylosing spondylitis: a clinical, laboratory and computerised tomographic study. 192 15

Type II collagen- and adjuvant-induced arthritis in outbred Wistar rats were compared using parameters that measured the inflammatory response, cellular and humoral immunity, blood protein changes, drug metabolism and histopathological and bony changes of the inflamed paws. There was a lesser incidence (40-70%) and severity of collagen disease than the adjuvant model (incidence approximately 100%). The use of MDP increased the incidence and severity of collagen arthritis. The acute phase protein response (plasma fibrinogen) was similar in both models during the peak of inflammatory response. Drug metabolism was inhibited in both type II collagen boosted with MDP or M. butyricum sensitized rats with arthritis; however, arthritic rats sensitized with collagen alone produced no inhibition. Only collagen arthritic rats produced type II collagen antibody and exhibited delayed hypersensitivity to type II collagen. Bony changes as assessed by radiographic evaluation were more severe in adjuvant arthritic rats than in the collagen arthritic model; histopathological findings from these animals confirmed this observation. The primary lesions in both models were periosteal reaction of the bone and ankylosis. Several classes of antiarthritic drugs were compared in both models using paw edema measurements and bony changes by radiographic evaluation. Drugs with inhibitory activity in both models were indomethacin, methylprednisolone, D-penicillamine and gold sodium thiomalate. Levamisole, chloroquine and auranofin were inactive in both models.
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PMID:Comparison of inflammatory changes in established type II collagen- and adjuvant-induced arthritis using outbred Wistar rats. 407 44

99mTechnetium-MDP bone scintigrams in 11 patients with ankylosing spondylitis were reviewed. Increased activity in sacroiliac joints was present in five of 11 cases, all of whom had symptoms of less than 5 years duration. Patients with longstanding disease had normal or low sacroiliac joint activity. In the spine, appearances included diffuse symmetrical, unifocal or multifocal asymmetrical increased uptake involving the costovertebral, costotransverse and facet joints as well as the spinous processes. In advanced disease with extensive ankylosis, the lumbar spine was featureless on scintigraphy, except for focal increased activity at the site of previous fracture in one patient. Of six available views of the sternum, increased uptake was present in five at the manubriosternal joint and five at the sternoclavicular joints. Increased peripheral uptake was mainly in the hips and knees in advanced cases. Plain radiographic changes correlated poorly with scintigraphic changes, scintigraphy detecting considerably more lesions than radiography. Awareness of the scintigraphic appearances of ankylosing spondylitis may lead to diagnosis before the development of radiographic changes and avoid confusion with other pathology. Clinical indications for bone scintigraphy in ankylosing spondylitis are suggested.
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PMID:99mTc-MDP scintigraphy in ankylosing spondylitis. 829 44

A 22-year-old African male with known sickle cell anaemia was referred by a Congolese medical centre with a request to improve his poor physical condition. He was unable to walk, stand or sit because his large joints and his spine were either ankylosed or very rigid. Radiographs showed joint fusion from the third to the fifth cervical vertebrae, of both hips, of the left knee, and a bilateral osteonecrosis of the humeral head. There was no scintigraphic evidence for an active osteomyelitis (99mTc-MDP (methyldiphosphonate) bone scan, Tc monoclonal antigranulocyte scan and 99mTc sulphur colloid scan). To improve his mobility the right femoral head was resected in June 1997; 14 days later the left femoral head was resected. Four months after the resection of the right hip, a right uncemented total hip prosthesis was implanted on this side. One month later the same type of hip arthroplasty was performed on the left side. During the postoperative rehabilitation period the patient regained autonomy. We have found no previous reports of such severe and multiple joint complications in a single patient suffering from sickle cell anaemia.
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PMID:A 'made in one piece' skeleton in a 22-year-old man suffering from sickle cell anaemia. 1094 10