Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0003090 (arthrodesis)
 8,374 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. The scleral grafts appeared to be well accepted as there were no signs of antigenicity or untoward reactions. 2. The gingival connective tissue, periodontal ligament and the periosteum were observed intertwined with sclera at the interface. 3. Sclera was invaded by host fibroblasts, capillaries, and appeared in some areas to be raplaced by a dense connective tissue. 4. Areas of cementogenesis could be observed in all specimens. 5. There were no signs of osteogenesis within the scleral grafts. 6. The alveolar crest appeared relatively nonreactive to sclera. 7. There were no signs of external root resorption or ankylosis. 8. Sclera may be able to be used to fill in osseous craters, other periodontal defects and as a scaffolding in conjunction with osseous grafts. This requires further investigation. 9. Sclera may possibly be used in areas where there was loss of gingival contour or need for ridge augmentation.
 ...
PMID:Preserved scleral allografts in periodontal defects in man. II. Histological evaluation. 26 39

Autogenous transplantation of periosteum was performed in 60 rats. Periosteum was transferred from the femur to the spinal column in the region of thoracic vertebra 8 to lumbar vertebra 2. Follow-up included histological examination and microradiography. New bone formation occurred late and the bones were of a heterotopic nature; a solid arthrodesis was not achieved. Free periosteal grafts do not exhibit the relatively predictable behavior of periosteal flaps. Greater understanding at the biomolecular level may be required before free periosteal grafts can be introduced into routine clinical practice.
 ...
PMID:Osteogenesis by periosteal transplant. Experimental study of spinal fusion in rats. 42 43

Because of its technical improvement percutaneous pinfixation of bones is now a successful procedure of osteosynthesis. The indications of this method are: Open fractures of second and third degree, emergency treatment of polytraumatized persons with debris fractures, fractures in combination with vascular injuries or burns, elongating osteotomy, pseudarthrosis, osteomyelitis and arthrodesis. External pin-fixation offers the following advantages: High range of stability with the possibility of early exercises. In case of resorption of the bone fragments it is possible, to correct the axial compression. No lesion of the fragments periosteum or endosteum. The operative damage to cortical vascular supply is minimized. The danger of bone infection is reduced. Subsequent correction of the bone axis can be performed. Altogether the pin-fixation is a safe and satisfactory method of osteosynthesis without physical strain for the patient.
 ...
PMID:[Indications for percutaneous fracture fixation in bone surgery]. 88 51

The purpose of the present study was to investigate connective tissue autotransplants as potential periodontal ligament substitutes. Green Vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) were used. Maxillary permanent central incisors were extracted, root filled extraorally and the periodontal ligament removed from the root surface and the socket wall. Two circular cavities were prepared mesially and distally on the root surface. Different types of connective tissue autotransplants were then placed in these cavities, whereafter the teeth were replanted. The animals were sacrificed 8 weeks after replantation and the replanted teeth were examined histometrically. The connective tissue autotransplants were then examined for their capability of preventing root resorption or inducing or forming a new periodontal ligament, including periodontal fibers and cementum. Autotransplanted cutaneous and mucosal connective tissue as well as periosteum and fascia were all found to partially prevent ankylosis by forming a fibrous barrier between the root surface and the alveolus. However, no new cementum was formed. Periodontal ligament transplants, dental follicular tissue and possibly gingival connective tissue were the only tissues capable of both preventing ankylosis and forming a hard tissue on the surface of the cavity with a morphology similar to cementum. It is concluded that cementogenesis requires a highly specialized connective tissue. In this experiment, only odontogenic tissues had this capacity.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation of different types of autotransplanted connective tissues as potential periodontal ligament substitutes. An experimental replantation study in monkeys. 679 74

In two healthy and two diseased whitefish (Coregonus Wartmanni) taken from Lake Constance (FRG), ankylosis of the vertebral column was investigated both roentgenologically and histologically. Subsequent to the collapse and necrosis of the "residual" spinal cord within the intervertebral spaces, the outside edges of the vertebral bodies come into direct contact. The compression and tensile forces that occur to an increased extent as a result of the instability, lead not only to a remodelling of the vertebral bodies, but also to the formation of spondylotic osteophytes at the edges of the vertebrae and, as a result of periosteal stimulation, to the development of cellular hyaline cartilage, which fills the intervertebral spaces. Finally, as a result of perichondral ossification, a bony ankylosis develops. The humping of the spine of the fish due to the stiffening and shortening of the vertebral column, is accompanied by a restriction in the animal's freedom of movement. Muscular atrophic processes and disordered food uptake give rise to poor growth and a reduction in the weight of the diseased fish. These remodelling processes in the spine resulting from instability are specific to the periosteum and may be equated with the changes seen in man in spondylosis deformans. The possible cause of this vertebral column ankylosis is cadmium poisoning. The accumulation of this heavy metal obviously leads primarily to an irreversible toxic degeneration of the cells of the chorda dorsalis.
 ...
PMID:[Cadmium-induced vertebral-column ankylosis in whitefish ]. 712 27

In this report, 16 cases of peripheral replantation are described, in which osteosynthesis was carried out by means of AO-mini or small-fragment plates with the obvious advantage of allowing early mobilisation. A disadvantage of this method is that it is necessary to dissect the soft tissue to a greater extent and to elevate the periosteum more than in using Kirschner wires, this dissection to permit sufficient fixation of the plate and screws. As a result, primary technical difficulties in the venous anastomosis may occur and there is a risk of adhesions developing between the extensor apparatus and the bone (two cases). Difficulties occur when using plates and screws for comminuted and juxtaarticular fractures. In these cases Kirschner wire osteosynthesis is preferred. For injuries in zones 1 and 2 in the majority of the cases an osteosynthesis with wire is indicated. Only in cases of replantation in zone 2, where the DIP joint is destroyed, can an arthrodesis be performed by means of a screw. When using the above mentioned osteosynthesis for peripheral replantations, we have achieved good to very good end results in the majority of the cases.
 ...
PMID:[The problem of osteosynthesis in peripheral replantation]. 734 24

Basing on the earlier experience with neurovascular flap from the dorsal part of the index when reconstructing soft tissues of thumb and thenar, first of the authors elaborated a method of harvesting this flap together with a dorsal aponeurosis and bone fragment of the proximal phalanx. Blood flow comes from the periosteum of the proximal phalanx. Many small vessels penetrate into it from the dorsal soft tissues thus piercing central part of the dorsal aponeurosis in many points. The flap was used in 25 year old male who had secondary reconstruction of the mutilating thumb pulp when the nail and nail matrix were preserved and in 27 year old male after amputation and replantation of nearly completely damaged distal part of the thumb. In this case bone healing was not obtained in spite of the arthrodesis and extensive impairment of digital nerves did not allow to carry out a primary nerve suture. A bone fragment in the flap was used to perform secondary arthrodesis and well innervated soft tissues of the flap improved sensation of the thumb distal part. The functional and cosmetic results were good. During thirteen and eleven years follow up the patients did not show any complications both in the donor and recipient sites.
 ...
PMID:[The first dorsal metacarpal artery neurovascular osteocutaneous flap--a new method of distal thumb reconstruction]. 1270 93

Ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a severe disorder which leads to jaw function impairment and restricted mouth opening. The surgical approach to TMJ ankylosis can be performed according to different techniques. The present paper is a report of a bilateral post-traumatic case of TMJ ankylosis. The patient suffered bilateral condylar fractures as a consequence of a road accident and showed a limited mouth opening (22 mm) along with dental occlusion abnormalities. Conservative treatments were uneffective to improve jaw impairment, so a computerized tomography was requested for surgical treatment planning. Both temporomandibular joints showed severe ankylosis with a bone fragment located medially to the condyle. An arthroplasty with the interposition of a combined flap (temporalis muscle, fascia, periosteum) was performed. The post-treatment course was uneventful, and the patient has undergone physiatric rehabilitation immediately after the intervention. At the 5-years follow-up mouth opening was 46 mm. TMJ arthroplasty with the interposition of autogenous material is an effective technique to restore jaw function and to prevent recurrencies in cases of ankylosis.
 ...
PMID:Temporomandibular joint bilateral post-traumatic ankylosis: a report of a case treated with interpositional arthroplasty. 1923 35

This article aims to solve the problem of postburn talipes equinovarus associated with bone and joint pathologic changes by simplified and modified techniques. In addition to lengthening the shortened Achilles tendon and the contracted scar above it, we performed triple arthrodesis directly on the densely scarred, deformed foot without replacing the scar tissue with normal tissue tube or flap. Only the proximal scar-periosteum wound edge of the curved incision, 2 cm distal to the conventional one, was elevated to expose the bones to be excised. The two excised wedge-shaped bone blocks, one on the dorsum and the other on the lateral side of the deformed foot, were composed of a larger part of the talus and lesser parts of the navicular, cuboid and calcaneus bones. All the patients who could not stand or walk without crutches pre-operatively obtained a good operative result, which enabled them to do so without crutches postoperatively. We conclude that the scar tissue can be elevated without risk of necrosis if it is still attached firmly to the underlying periosteum, and arthrodesis can be done under it. Incision wound healing and bone union is not exclusively a problem.
 ...
PMID:New experiences in treating postburn talipes equinovarus associated with bone and joint pathologic changes. 1950 Sep 11

Facial paralysis can be a devastating consequence resulting from blunt and penetrating trauma to the head and neck, as well as surgical injury, either accidental or due to involvement by tumor. In addition, the etiology can be attributed to a variety of other causes, ranging from infectious to metabolic, and is frequently idiopathic in nature. The incidence of facial nerve injury during temporomandibular joint (TMJ) surgeries varies among surgeons. There are many factors that could contribute to the injury of the temporal and zygomatic branches of the facial nerve. These nerves lie in a confluence of superficial fascia, temporalis fascia, and periosteum and may be injured by any dissection technique that attempts to violate the integrity of these regions. Excessive or heavy-handed retraction causes compression and/or stretching of nerve fibers resulting in neuropraxia. The facial nerve then enters the parotid gland, where the main trunk branches into the upper and lower divisions at the pes anserinus. The nerve further divides into five main branches: the temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular, and cervical. The temporal branch lies within the superficial muscular aponeurotic system at the level of the zygomatic arch. In this paper, we evaluate the facial nerve function based on the House-Brackmann grading index after the preauricular approach for the treatment of condylar fractures, pathologies, and TMJ ankylosis cases. The nerve functional regeneration postfacial nerve injury has been evaluated and reported in this retrospective study.
 ...
PMID:Facial Nerve Injury in Temporomandibular Joint Approaches. 2996 24


1