Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002962 (angina)
 21,142 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Dimension measurements of the right ventricle are difficult to obtain because of its complex geometry, thus we evaluated a method of right ventricular dimension measurements. Crystals were placed on the ventral and dorsal side of the right ventricular free wall, approximately one-fourth of the right ventricular semicircle away from the septum, in the middle of a cranio-caudal axis of the ventricles. The effects of an increased (infusion of 20 mL/kg of 5% glucose for 3 min into seven rabbits), as well as decreased preload (nitroglycerin, 5 micrograms/kg/min i.v. n = 6) were measured and compared with changes during a placebo infusion (n = 6). The change in shortening of the right ventricle wall segment correlated with changes in both atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) plasma concentration (r = 0.89, p < 0.05) and central venous pressure (CVP) (r = 0.94, p < 0.05), respectively. Both these variables are influenced by right ventricular function and dimensions in healthy animals. Dimension measurements obtained across the free wall of the right ventricle appear to reflect right ventricular function well and should be useful in assessing the effects of drugs intended for the treatment of angina pectoris or heart failure.
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PMID:Assessment of right ventricle dimensions with microsonometry in anesthetized rabbits. 148 88

Radiation of the precordial region with ultrasound at 880 kHz, 0.4 W/cm2 for 12 minutes was examined for its impact on blood levels of thyrotropin, tri-iodothyronine, thyroxine, atrial natriuretic factor, cyclic nucleotides (cAMP and cHMP) in 70 patients with Functional Classes II-III exercise-induced angina. The radiation was found to lead to elevated plasma levels of atrial natriuretic factor, cHMP and inhibited plasma cAMP in patients with coronary heart disease as compared to the control group.
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PMID:[Changes in hypophyseal-thyroid system function and in the level of atrial natriuretic factor and cyclic nucleotides in the blood of patients with ischemic heart disease exposed to ultrasonic irradiation of the precordial area]. 148 80

Atrial natriuretic factor release during transient myocardial ischemia was investigated in 29 patients with coronary artery disease and symptoms of angina (Canadian Cardiovascular Association classes II-III). Eleven patients (group I) underwent single-vessel percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Repeat determinations of mean pulmonary artery wedge pressure and blood sampling from pulmonary artery for atrial natriuretic factor measurements were performed at baseline, and at 2, 5, and 15 minutes after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty was begun. Baseline atrial natriuretic factor levels (34.6 +/- 4.5 pg/ml) rose to 56.3 +/- 7.3 pg/ml (p = 0.02) and decreased at 5 minutes (43.7 +/- 5.7 pg/ml, not significant) and 15 minutes (35.3 +/- 4.4 pg/ml, not significant). Changes in atrial natriuretic factor concentrations were significantly correlated with those in mean pulmonary artery wedge pressure (2 minutes: r = 0.69, p = 0.02; 5 minutes: r = 0.90, p less than 0.001). In group II (n = 10) the increase in atrial natriuretic factor after dye load occurred later (baseline: 25.8 +/- 2.1; 60 minutes: 40.6 +/- 2.6 pg/ml; p = 0.005) than that observed in group I after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. In group III, atrial natriuretic factor during angina rose as early (baseline 11.3 +/- 1.3; 5 minutes: 20 +/- 2.3 pg/ml; p = 0.006) as after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Results indicate that transient myocardial ischemia stimulates atrial natriuretic factor release, probably through changes in cardiac function.
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PMID:Transient myocardial ischemia stimulates atrial natriuretic factor release. 849 40

To evaluate the antiischemic effects of intravenous milrinone, 20 patients with angiographically proved coronary artery disease and stable angina were studied at rest and during exercise under control conditions and after an intravenous loading injection of milrinone (50 micrograms/kg/10 min) followed by an infusion with 0.5 micrograms/kg/min. Hemodynamic parameters, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and atrial natriuretic factor were assessed. Control ergometry revealed ischemia; however, during exercise with intravenous milrinone, ischemia was eliminated. Because of unloading effects, there was also a significant decrease in ST segment depression (p less than 0.001). Heart rate increased significantly (p less than 0.001) at rest but increased significantly less after exercise testing (p less than 0.001). The changes in mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, and myocardial oxygen consumption during exercise were not significantly different between the milrinone and control phase. Intravenous milrinone delayed the onset of angina (p less than 0.001) and significantly shortened the duration of anginal attacks (p less than 0.05); exercise duration in the milrinone phase was longer than in the control phase (p = 0.051). Because of vasodilatation, a mild secondary increase in norepinephrine was observed during the milrinone phase, and there was a significantly smaller increase in atrial natriuretic factor during exercise while receiving milrinone as a result of preload reduction (p less than 0.05). Intravenous milrinone produced beneficial hemodynamic and antiischemic effects in patients with coronary artery disease, stable angina, and reproducible ST segment depression probably by enhancing myocardial contractility and reducing preload and afterload.
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PMID:The use of intravenous milrinone in chronic symptomatic ischemic heart disease. 182 40

To evaluate the risk of ischemia in 17 patients with significant coronary artery disease, the influence of enoximone was analyzed under the following conditions: (1) at rest (RC) and during exercise (ExC) under control conditions and (2) at rest (RE) and during exercise (ExE) after administration of enoximone (0.75 mg/kg, intravenously). During ExC all patients had ischemia (angina, and ST segment alterations); metabolic markers of ischemia (MMI) increased, as did the mean pulmonary artery pressure, from 19 to 41 mm Hg. However, during ExE ischemia was abolished (no angina, decrease in mean pulmonary artery pressure to 24 mm Hg, and improvement in MMI) and there was some improvement in left ventricular pump function, whereas pre- and afterload decreased (pulmonary artery pressure by 40%, systemic vascular resistance by 10%), and heart rate, arterial pressure, and myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2) were all unchanged (p greater than 0.05). Comparative hemodynamics at RE vs RC showed a decrease in pulmonary artery pressure (by 25%) and pulmonary vascular resistance (by 19%) and an increase in heart rate (by 11%), whereas arterial pressure and MVO2 were unchanged (p greater than 0.05). Enoximone did not induce changes in plasma catecholamine, prostaglandin, or thromboxane levels (p greater than 0.05), whereas the atrial natriuretic factor decreased (by 15%), probably because of unloading of the atria during exercise. We concluded that enoximone induces beneficial hemodynamic effects in coronary artery disease without causing ischemia, probably by enhancing myocardial contractility, vasodilation, and improved diastolic properties.
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PMID:Hemodynamic, antiischemic, and neurohumoral effects of enoximone in patients with coronary artery disease. 256 85

In sick sinus syndrome with chronotropic incompetence, dual-demand rate responsive pacing (DDDR) may be better than ventricular-inhibited rate responsive pacing (VVIR) and dual-demand pacing without rate responsive function (DDD). In order to compare exercise performance during different activity-driven pacing modes, 15 patients (9 males, 6 females; mean age 59 +/- 13 years), implanted with Synchrony 2020T pacemaker (Siemens-Pacesetter Inc, USA, activity sensor) for sick sinus syndrome, randomly performed 3 treadmill tests (modified Bruce protocol) during DDD, VVIR and DDDR pacing, with pacing heart rate, oxygen consumption (Q-Plex 5000, Quinton), work time, anaerobic threshold and human atrial natriuretic peptide level monitoring. Four patients were excluded from the data results (3 for normalization of chronotropic incompetence, 1 for angina pectoris during rate responsive pacing). Heart rate at the end of exercise was significantly higher during VVIR pacing mode (131 +/- 21 b/min) and DDDR (136 +/- 14 b/min) than during DDD pacing mode (105 +/- 21 b/min), p < 0.05. During DDDR we obtained a significantly higher work tolerance (652 +/- 161 s) and a higher oxygen uptake (22.7 +/- 7.1 ml/kg/min) than during DDD (565 +/- 106 s; 20.1 +/- 6.5 ml/kg/min) and VVIR (599 +/- 155 s; 18.8 +/- 6.5 ml/kg/min), p < 0.05. Also the work time and the oxygen uptake at anaerobic threshold were better during DDDR stimulation (350 +/- 119 s; 14.2 +/- 4.9 ml/kg/min) than during DDD (280 +/- 101 s; 12.2 +/- 4.6 ml/kg/min) and VVIR pacing mode (306 +/- 122 s; 11.6 +/- 4.60 ml/kg/min), p < 0.05. On the contrary, human atrial natriuretic factor values at the maximum exercise were lower during DDD (139 +/- 100 pg/ml) than VVIR (256 +/- 182 pg/ml) and DDDR (209 +/- 195 pg/ml) pacing mode, p < 0.05. In conclusion, DDDR pacing proved to be better than VVIR and DDD in patients with sick sinus disease and chronotropic incompetence.
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PMID:[An intrapatient comparison of adaptation to aerobic and anaerobic exertion during 3 types of physiological cardiac stimulation in chronotropic failure of the sinus node: DDD, VVIR and DDDR]. 911 55

Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a proinflammatory cytokine, plays a key role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD). We investigated circulating IL-6 and its receptors in patients with CAD. We evaluated 39 Japanese patients with CAD (30 males and 9 females aged 36-79 years), measuring their plasma levels of IL-6 and IL-6 receptors alpha and beta (IL-6R alpha, IL-6R beta). Circulating levels of IL-6, IL-6R alpha and IL-6R beta were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Blood was sampled immediately after admission and again after 1, 2, 3, 6 and 9 h, then every 12 h for 5 days. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) were measured on day 3 after symptom onset. Plasma levels of IL-6 and IL-6Rs were significantly increased in 28 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) compared with 15 normal controls. However, neither IL-6 nor IL-6Rs showed an increase in 6 patients with angina pectoris. We observed two peaks for circulating IL-6 in AMI, the first of which showed a significant correlation with ANP as well as BNP. These results may help to explain why the amount of IL-6 produced is closely related to the severity of myocardial dysfunction in patients with CAD.
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PMID:Circulating interleukin-6 and interleukin-6 receptors in patients with acute and recent myocardial infarction. 1096 91