Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0002962 (angina)
 21,142 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Loss of the vasodilator response to acetylcholine (Ach), an endothelium-dependent vasodilator, has been demonstrated in animal models of atherosclerosis and in atherosclerotic coronary arteries of humans studied in vitro. The response of normal coronary arteries on angiograms to the intracoronary injection of Ach in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) was studied. Ten patients with FH (mean age, 53.6 +/- 6.5 years) with a mean serum total cholesterol of 334.8 mg/dl and 12 controls (mean age, 55.8 +/- 14.5 years) with a total cholesterol level of 183.6 mg/dl, and with normal coronary arteries on angiograms were studied. Patients with clinical histories suggestive of coronary spastic angina were excluded from this study. A bolus of 20, 50 micrograms Ach and 2 mg isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) were infused into the left coronary artery in each subject. Changes in coronary diameters were measured after each injection with a videodensitometric analysis system. In the control group, the diameter at the middle segments of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and at the proximal and middle segments of the left circumflex artery (LCX) increased significantly in response to Ach; whereas, in the FH group the diameter at the proximal segments of the LAD decreased significantly. There were significant differences in the coronary diameter changes in response to 50 micrograms Ach at the proximal and middle segments of the LAD and the LCX between the 2 groups. In contrast, between these 2 groups, there were no significant differences in the vasodilator responses to ISDN, a direct vascular smooth muscle dilator. The vasodilator response of coronary artery to Ach was diminished in patients with FH.
 ...
PMID:[Response of coronary arteries to intracoronary acetylcholine infusion in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia]. 133 2

Patients with familial hypercholesterolemia have a high incidence of coronary heart disease due to diet- and drug-resistant, elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Five patients with familial hypercholesterolemia and diet- and drug-resistant LDL-C greater than 230 mg/dl were treated by LDL apheresis using dextran sulfate cellulose adsorption (Liposorber System LA-15, Kaneka). Plasma separation was by 0.5-m2 polysulfone hollow fiber filter. Two columns containing 150 ml of dextran sulfate cellulose alternately adsorbed LDL and were regenerated by 4.1% saline. The five patients received a total of 360 treatments at 7-day intervals. The treated plasma volume per session was 4.1 +/- 0.4 l. Postapheresis values compared with preapheresis were: total cholesterol, 40%; LDL-C, 28%; VLDL-C, 65%; HDL-C, 95%; triglycerides, 70%; white blood cells, 116%; platelets, 87%; C3 complement, 79%; fibrinogen, 64%; albumin, 94%. The decrease in HDL-C per treatment was not significant. The safety parameters showed only slight changes. The initial LDL of 436 +/- 172 mg/dl decreased to mean pre-apheresis levels of between 150 and 100 mg/dl. The anti-atherogenic HDL increased in three and remained unchanged in two patients. Adverse events like hypotension, angina pectoris, and technical problems occurred in 11 of the 360 treatments. Long-term treatment of patients with diet- and drug-resistant familial hypercholesterolemia by extracorporeal dextran sulfate cellulose adsorption is effective and safe.
 ...
PMID:Long-term experience with extracorporeal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol removal by dextran sulfate cellulose adsorption. 160 Mar 46

Five patients with diet and drug resistant familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) (low density lipoprotein [LDL] cholesterol, LDL greater than 230 mg/dl) were treated by LDL apheresis, using dextran sulfate cellulose adsorption (DSC), to prevent coronary heart disease (CHD). After membrane plasma separation, two 150 ml columns of DSC alternately adsorbed LDL, and were regenerated by 4.1% saline. Five patients received 230 treatments with 7 to 14 days intervals over 6 to 30 months. The treated plasma volume per session was 3.8 +/- 0.6 L. Post-apheresis values in percent of pre-apheresis were: total cholesterol, 42%; LDL, 27%; VLDL, 62%; HDL, 96%; triglycerides, 70%; WBC, 115%; platelets, 88%; C3 complement, 78%; fibrinogen, 67%; albumin, 94% (p less than or equal to 0.005 for all values). Safety parameters showed only slight changes. The initial LDL of 436 +/- 172 mg/dl decreased to nonatherogenic levels of between 150 and 100 mg/dl, whereas high density lipoprotein remained unchanged. Adverse events (hypotension, angina pectoris, technical problems) occurred in six treatments. Long-term treatment of patients with therapy resistant FH by extracorporeal DSC adsorption is effective and safe.
 ...
PMID:LDL cholesterol apheresis by dextran sulfate cellulose adsorption. Long-term experience in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia. 175 Dec 48

LDL-apheresis is introduced in many cases all over Japan. Among them, evaluation of long-term effect on ischemic heart disease (IHD) has made on 10 cases with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and 49 cases with heterozygous FH. As to homozygous FH, 3 patients had angina pectoris. Mean duration of treatment was 26 months (52 treatments). The changes in total cholesterol (TC) in each treatment was from 426 mg/dl to 151 mg/dl. Improvement in IHD was observed in 5 out of 10 cases. As to heterozygous FH, 17 cases had history of myocardial infarction and 12 had angina pectoris. Mean duration of treatment was 13 months (19 treatments). Mean TC was decreased from 271 mg/dl to 126 mg/dl by each treatment. Regression in Achilles tendon thickenting or skin and palpebral xanthomas was observed. Frequency of anginal attacks decreased in 8 out of 17 cases. Ischemic change in ECG were improved in 3 out of 26 cases. Coronary angiography performed with 2 to 3 years of interval in some cases revealed regression or no progression in coronary stenosis. As a whole, IHD improved in 15 cases and exacerbated in 2 cases. Main side effect was hypotension attack. Bradycardia and anginal attack during treatment were observed in some cases. LDL-apheresis was judged as effective in 25 out of 44 patients with IHD or xanthoma.
 ...
PMID:Long term effect of LDL apheresis in Japan. LDL Apheresis Study Group. 175 69

Coronary ostial stenosis is a rare lesion, which is a complication of syphilitic aortitis, Takayasu's aortitis, aortic valve disease, and familial hypercholesterolemia. We present a case of left coronary ostial obstruction due to syphilitic aortitis. A 67 years old man was admitted to our hospital for evaluation of a ten year history of angina on exertion. On physical examination, the only abnormal finding was a grade 2/6 high-pitched diastolic murmur. Coronary risk factor was not detected from biochemical results, but both the TPHA and FTA-ABS test were positive. Treadmill stress test showed more than 2 mm ST segment depression associated with chest pain. Coronary angiography revealed complete obstruction of left coronary ostium with good collaterals from the right coronary artery. The coronary arterial tree was otherwise normal. Furthermore, aortagraphy showed a moderate degree of aortic regurgitation. From the examination of previous reports including our own case, we think that the angiographic features of syphilitic coronary ostial stenosis can be summarized as below. 1. Coronary artery stenosis is generally limited to the ostium. 2. The grade of stenosis almost always shows more than 90% stenosis, and sometimes bilateral coronary ostium can be affected. 3. Aortic regurgitation is frequently noted, associated with coronary ostial stenosis.
 ...
PMID:[A case of left coronary ostial obstruction due to syphilitic aortitis]. 192 6

Four child patients (1 male and 3 females) with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) were examined. They were 4y4m to 9y8m of age on admission. A female patient at age 5y7m on admission had already experienced anginal attacks. Ischemic change was found on exercise ECG in 2 patients. Grade 1/6 to 3/6 (Levine) systolic ejection type murmur was audible in all patients. Cardiac catheterization was carried out in all patients. Supravalvular aortic stenosis was found and so-called atherosclerotic wall thickening was also noticed in 3 of them. Narrowing of the coronary arteries was found in only 1 patient who complained of anginal pain. Supravalvular aortic stenosis was more prevalent than coronary artery disorders in FH children and this lesion was also detected by echocardiography. Therefore, follow-up by echocardiography seems to be very useful in assessing the progression of atherosclerosis in patients with severe hypercholesterolemia.
 ...
PMID:Cardiovascular findings in familial hypercholesterolemic children. 202 84

The relationship between apolipoprotein E (Apo E) phenotypes and progression of coronary atherosclerosis was investigated in 125 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) proven angiographically (101 males, 24 females). To elucidate the pure effect of Apo E phenotypes on lipoproteins and coronary atherosclerosis, patients with familial hypercholesterolemia were excluded from the subjects. As a control group, 129 normal healthy volunteers (84 males, 45 females) were studied. In the CAD group, VLDL and LDL levels increased and HDL level decreased regardless of Apo E phenotypes in both sexes. The incidence of E4 was higher and that of E2 was slightly lower in the CAD group than in the control group. Two patients with E5/3 who had high LDL-cholesterol levels were found in the male CAD group. LDL-cholesterol level in E3/2 was lower than in E4/3 and E3/3 in the male CAD group. VLDL-cholesterol/triglyceride and VLDL cholesterol/phospholipid ratios in E3/2 were significantly higher than in E4/3 and E3/3 in the male CAD group, but the difference was not so marked as found in typical type III hyperlipidemia. When the male patients with effort angina were examined, coronary score (index of the severity of CAD) was the lowest in E3/2. In addition, the mean age at the onset of CAD was significantly higher in E3/2 than in E4/3. In conclusion, E2 acts protectively against coronary atherosclerosis, while E4 promotes it through the modulation of LDL-cholesterol level.
 ...
PMID:Apolipoprotein E phenotypes in patients with coronary artery disease. 235 52

Double-filtration plasmapheresis is a therapeutic procedure for the extracorporeal depuration of atherogenic lipoproteins, which does not require the administration to the patient of exogenous fluids. We have used it in two patients affected by hyperlipidemia with severe cardiovascular complications. Both patients presented a dramatic improvement of their symptoms (angina pectoris and claudicatio intermittens) shortly after the beginning of treatment. By the brisk reduction of circulating low-density lipoproteins, plasma-filtration may favor the removal of cholesterol from atheromatous plaques of vessel walls. Furthermore, this procedure may modify platelet aggregation and blood viscosity. Our observation suggests that plasma-filtration may be useful not only for delaying coronary heart disease in the rare cases of homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, but also in the management of patients with other primary hyperlipoproteinemias and clinical manifestations of already established cardiovascular complications.
 ...
PMID:[Double filtration plasmapheresis in the treatment of vascular complications of hyperlipidemia]. 237 5

We report on the third pregnancy of a 41-year-old patient with familial hypercholesterolemia. After preceding angina pectoris symptoms she had her first myocardial infarction at an age of 37. Thereafter she had no complaints under medicinal and dietary treatment. During her third pregnancy angina pectoris symptoms occurred again and finally a myocardial re-infarction caused her death. Our case report shows, that the hemodynamic alterations in pregnancy can aggravate the patient's situation even in prepartally uncomplicated coronary diseases.
 ...
PMID:[Fatal re-infarct in pregnancy]. 318 16

A new technique called LDL-pheresis was used in patients to lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. This procedure combines continuous extracorporeal plasma separation with immunoadsorption of low-density lipoprotein on columns containing monospecific antibody to human apolipoprotein B. Six patients underwent a total of 164 procedures without significant side effects or nonspecific protein depletion. Acutely, LDL-pheresis lowered plasma cholesterol levels by removing up to 82 percent of the circulating low-density lipoprotein. Weekly LDL-pheresis combined with a portacaval shunt in a patient with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia resulted in normalization of plasma cholesterol levels and rapid regression of skin xanthomata. Three of four patients with atherosclerotic coronary artery disease have noted improvement in their angina. LDL-pheresis appears to be a promising new technique capable of safely and efficiently lowering plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.
 ...
PMID:Removal of low-density lipoproteins in patients by extracorporeal immunoadsorption. 351 30


1 2 3 4 5 Next >>