Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0002962 (angina)
 21,142 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Unstable coronary syndromes usually involve platelet activation and thrombus formation at the site of atherosclerotic plaque. P-selectin in platelets and endothelial cells mediates adhesive interaction with leucocytes to form thrombi. The aim of this study was to asses the level of soluble P-selectin (CD62P) as a non invasive marker of coronary plaque destabilization in unstable angina (U.A.). Serum samples were collected from 23 male patients with UA, 20 male patients with stable angina (SA) and 13 healthy controls. Soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) level was measured by ELISA technique. The mean sP-selectin level was significantly higher in patients with UA (87.6+/-30.10 ng/ml) than SA (36.2 +/-13.8 ng/ml) and control subjects (16.7+/-8.6 ng/ml). In conclusion, s-Pslectin level could be used as a marker of plaque destabilization in unstable angina.
 ...
PMID:Soluble P-selectin is a marker of plaque destabilization in unstable angina. 1571 26

Platelet aggregation at the site of plaque rupture or erosion is a dominant feature in the pathophysiology of plaque destabilization. To elucidate the role of glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa in coronary plaque destabilization, we immunohistochemically studied the presence of GP IIb/IIIa in coronary atherectomy specimens obtained from patients with stable angina (SAP) and unstable angina pectoris (UAP). Moreover, we immunohistochemically investigated the presence of P-selectin, which is known to be a marker of platelet activation, in these specimens. All these patients underwent atherectomy at primary atherosclerotic lesions responsible for SAP (n=25) and UAP (n=23). Frozen samples were studied with antibodies against smooth muscle cells, macrophages, neutrophils, endothelial cells, GP IIb/IIIa and P-selectin. Immunoreactive positive areas for GP IIb/IIIa, P-selectin, and macrophages, respectively, were calculated using computer-aided planimetry, and numbers of neutrophils were also counted. In the culprit lesions of UAP patients, 17 of the 23 lesions (74%) contained GP IIb/IIIa positive platelet thrombi, and all these platelet thrombi were positive for P-selectin. In contrast, in the lesions of SAP patients, 3 of the 25 lesions (12%) showed staining positivity for GP IIb/IIIa and P-selectin. Quantitatively, the percentage of GP IIb/IIIa- and P-selectin-positive area was significantly higher (GP IIb/IIIa, P<0.0005; P-selectin, P<0.0001) in patients with UAP than in patients with SAP. The number of neutrophils was significantly higher (P<0.0005) in patients with UAP than in patients with SAP. Moreover, the percentage of GP IIb/IIIa-positive area showed a significant positive correlation with the number of neutrophils (r=0.66, p<0.0001). These findings strongly suggest that platelet activation and aggregation, leading to formation of platelet thrombi, and the interaction between activated platelets and neutrophils play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of plaque destabilization in human coronary atherosclerotic lesions.
 ...
PMID:Immunolocalization of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa and P-selectin, and neutrophil-platelet interaction in human coronary unstable plaques. 1575 16

The role of endothelial dysfunction and platelet activation in patients with cardiac syndrome X is controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the plasma levels of circulating E- and P-selectin molecules in patients with syndrome X. The study included 21 patients with cardiac syndrome X (11 men and 10 women, mean age = 56 +/- 5 years) and 20 patients with significant coronary artery disease who had stable angina pectoris (11 men and 9 women, mean age = 60 +/- 8 years). Twenty-two age- and sex-matched subjects (12 men and 10 women, mean age = 58 +/- 8 years) undergoing diagnosis of atypical chest pain in whom coronary arteries were found normal and exercise test had no signs of ischemia served as the control group. Syndrome X was defined as presence of typical chest pain on exertion or at rest with positive exercise test and angiographically normal epicardial coronary arteries with no evidence of coronary spasm after intracoronary infusion of ergonovine maleate. The mean plasma concentrations of P-selectin were significantly elevated both in patients with coronary artery disease and syndrome X as compared with control subjects (49.15 +/-7.47 and 42.80 +/- 8.93 vs 22.63 +/-6.47 ng/mL, p < 0.001). Similarly, both patients with coronary artery disease and syndrome X had higher plasma concentrations of E-selectin than the control group (78.85 +/- 16.69 and 68.38 +/- 15.30 vs 36.43 +/- 4.72 ng/mL, p < 0.001). In conclusion, patients with syndrome X had increased plasma concentrations of soluble adhesion molecules, E-selectin and P-selectin, reflecting an ongoing chronic inflammation involved with endothelial dysfunction and enhanced platelet activation/damage in this setting.
 ...
PMID:Increased levels of soluble adhesion molecules E-selectin and P-selectin in patients with cardiac syndrome X. 2788 80

The aim of the study was to determine whether the levels of soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) and soluble CD40L (sCD40L) are elevated in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), diabetes, and metabolic syndrome (MS). Study subjects were recruited from the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study (CURES), an ongoing population-based study on a representative population of Chennai city in southern India, and were grouped as follows: group 1, normal glucose tolerance (NGT) (n = 60); group 2, IGT (n = 60); and group 3, type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 60). Normal glucose tolerance, IGT, and diabetes were defined using World Health Organization consulting group criteria. The inclusion criteria were nonsmokers; normal resting 12-lead electrocardiogram; absence of angina, myocardial infarction, or history of any known vascular, infectious, or inflammatory diseases; and subjects not on statins or aspirin. Insulin resistance was calculated using the homeostasis assessment model using the formula: fasting insulin (microIU/mL) x fasting glucose (mmol/L)/22.5. Soluble P-selectin and sCD40L were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Metabolic syndrome was defined using Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. Subjects with diabetes and IGT were older (diabetes: 53 +/- 9 years, P < .01; IGT: 51 +/- 10 years, P < .05) compared with the NGT group (48 +/- 10 years). Subjects with diabetes and IGT had higher levels of sP-selectin (diabetes: 162 +/- 79 ng/mL, P < .001; IGT: 102 +/- 37 ng/mL, P < .001) compared with the NGT group (55 +/- 48 ng/mL). Soluble CD40L levels were also higher in those with diabetes and IGT (diabetes: 3.2 +/- 2.0 ng/mL, P < .001; IGT: 2.0 +/- 1.3 ng/mL, P < .001) compared with the NGT group (1.1 +/- 0.9 ng/mL). Subjects with MS had significantly higher levels of sP-selectin (with MS, 118 +/- 76 ng/mL; without MS, 95 +/- 66 ng/mL; P = .028) and sCD40L (with MS, 2.4 +/- 1.8 ng/mL; without MS, 1.9 +/- 1.5 ng/mL; P = .036) compared with subjects without MS. Among subjects with NGT and IGT, the mean levels of sP-selectin (tertile I, 65.0 ng/mL; tertile II, 80.0 ng/mL; tertile III, 91.0 ng/mL) and sCD40L levels (tertile I, 1.2 ng/mL; tertile II, 1.7 ng/mL; tertile III, 1.8 ng/mL) increased with increase in tertiles of homeostasis assessment model-insulin resistance, and the difference reached statistical significance in the last tertile compared with the first tertile (P < .05). This study demonstrates that increased levels of sP-selectin and sCD40L are seen in Asian Indian subjects with IGT, type 2 diabetes mellitus, MS, and insulin resistance.
 ...
PMID:Soluble P-selectin and CD40L levels in subjects with prediabetes, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome--the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study. 1642 32

Platelet-derived microparticles (PDMPs) are released from activated platelets and may participate in the inflammatory process in response to vessel wall injury. This study was designed to compare the clinical significance of circulating PDMPs with that of P-selectin on the platelet membrane surface. In 20 patients with stable angina undergoing coronary stent implantation, circulating PDMPs were serially measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and P-selectin expression on the surface of platelets was simultaneously analyzed by flow cytometry. PDMPs increased 24-48 h after coronary stenting in the coronary sinus (8.7 +/- 8.9 to 31.8 +/- 19.8 U/ml, P < 0.001) with a maximum at 48 h. In contrast, the mean channel fluorescence intensity for P-selectin increased 15 min after coronary stenting in the coronary sinus (19.5 +/- 5.6 to 25.2 +/- 7.5, P < 0.01) and remained elevated for 48 h; the changes were less striking in peripheral blood. The relative increase in PDMPs was not correlated with the increase in P-selectin expression at 15 min or 24 h after coronary stenting, but was correlated at 48 h (R = 0.48, P < 0.05). Both circulating PDMPs and P-selectin expression were enhanced in association with stent-induced platelet activation; however, the time course of changes in these two platelet activation markers was different. Therefore, the clinical relevance of circulating PDMPs may differ from that of P-selectin expression on the platelet membrane surface.
 ...
PMID:Comparison of changes in circulating platelet-derived microparticles and platelet surface P-selectin expression after coronary stent implantation. 1697 3

Prolactin and leptin are newly recognized platelet co-stimulators due to enhancement of ADP-induced platelet aggregation. The aim of our study was to assess whether both hormones prolactin and leptin play a role as co-activators of platelet activation in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Twenty-one patients with acute coronary syndromes, 10 with stable angina pectoris and 10 controls were studied. Patients with acute coronary syndromes showed significantly higher prolactin and leptin values and a significant increased P-selectin expression on platelets compared to patients with stable angina pectoris or controls. However, patients with acute myocardial infarction as a subgroup of acute coronary syndromes showed the highest prolactin levels as well as ADP stimulated P-selectin expression. In the myocardial infarction subgroup prolactin values showed a significant correlation to ADP stimulated P-selectin expression on platelets (r (2)=0.41; p=0.025), whereas leptin was not correlated. Our data indicate an association between increased prolactin values and enhanced P-selectin expression on platelets in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Therefore, the stress hormone prolactin could be a co-stimulator of platelet activation in these patients. In contrast, the putative platelet activator leptin does not seem to play a major role in acute coronary syndromes.
 ...
PMID:Increased prolactin in acute coronary syndromes as putative Co-activator of ADP-stimulated P-selectin expression. 1711 6

Inflammation plays a pathogenic role in the development of restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We measured and compared the ratio of elevated levels of regulated on activation normally T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), monocytic chemotactic peptide-1 (MCP-1), soluble (s) P-selectin and sL-selectin after PCI. Plasma levels of chemokines and soluble markers were measured before, 1, 3 and 7 days after PCI in 52 patients (43 males and nine females, aged 63 +/- 10 years) who underwent PCI and who had repeated angiograms at a 6-month follow-up. Restenosis occurred in 16 (31%) patients. A significant and time-dependent increase in sL-selectin was observed in the restenosis group. However, there were no significant differences in MCP-1 levels with or without restenosis. sP-selectin levels in the restenosis group exhibited a transient elevation at 3 days after PCI. RANTES levels were no different at baseline between patients with or without restenosis. However, a significant and time-dependent decrease in RANTES levels were observed in the non-restenosis group, and patients with restenosis compared with patients without restenosis had a statistically significant ratio of elevated levels of RANTES. These findings suggest that restenosis development after PCI in patients with effort angina pectoris may involve leukocyte activation at an early period after PCI. In addition, platelet-derived chemokine RANTES may be a sign of restenosis after PCI in patients with stable angina pectoris.
 ...
PMID:Platelet-derived chemokine RANTES may be a sign of restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with stable angina pectoris. 1712 84

An increasing amount of basic scientific data indicates that adhesion molecules may be involved in the pathogenesis of vessel re-narrowing in patients undergoing coronary angioplasty. Furthermore, inflammation is suggested to be a pivotal mechanism linking atherosclerosis and restenosis. The aim of this study was to assess if periprocedural evaluation of soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) and E-selectin (sE-selectin) possesses any additive value in the restenosis prediction to C-reactive protein (CRP) measurement. One hundred and nine stable angina patients were consecutively enrolled into the prospective cohort study. All participants were treated with single vessel coronary bare metal stenting. sP-selectin, sE-selectin and CRP were measured in peripheral venous blood samples collected before and 6, 24 h and 1 month after the procedure. Clinical follow-up visits were held 7 days(*), 1(*), 3, 6(*), and 12 months ((*)with an exercise test) after stenting. Any symptoms of restenosis were verified angiographically. Clinical restenosis occurred in 18 subjects. Concentrations of sP-selectin and sE-selectin did not differ between patients with and without clinical restenosis at any measuring point. In the latter group a decrease in sP-selectin and sE-selectin levels was observed 6 h after stenting. These findings when considered in all of the investigated subjects had no impact on the subsequent incidence of restenosis. An inflammatory response assessed as an increase in CRP level with the peak values at 24 h was noted in the whole population. However, it was significantly more pronounced in the restenosis group. Application of the Cox's proportional hazard model revealed a high CRP level 24 h after stenting and the history of coronary angioplasty concerning a nontarget lesion to be the only independent predictors of clinical restenosis. To conclude, the periprocedural evaluation of sP-selectin and sE-selectin in peripheral venous blood in patients undergoing elective coronary stenting provides no prognostic information in terms of clinical restenosis prediction, and the magnitude of the systemic inflammatory response triggered by coronary angioplasty assessed as an increase in CRP level and the history of coronary angioplasty concerning nontarget stenosis remain independent predictors of lesion re-narrowing.
 ...
PMID:Periprocedural soluble P- and E-selectin levels fail as predictors of clinical restenosis in patients treated with elective coronary stenting. 1714 64

The platelet collagen receptor glycoprotein (GP) VI is critical for the formation of arterial thrombosis. GPVI platelet surface expression was examined in patients with stable angina and in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Surface expression of platelet activation markers such as P-selectin, GPIbalpha, and platelet GPVI was determined by flow cytometry. Patients with ACS showed a significantly enhanced GPVI expression compared with patients with stable angina and healthy controls. The expression of GPVI correlated well with CD62P. Elevated platelet GPVI expression was associated with ACS independent of markers of myocardial necrosis such as troponin and creatine kinase. In ACS, platelet surface GPVI expression was already elevated several hours before troponin and creatine kinase indicated myocardial injury. We conclude that the determination of the platelet-specific thrombotic marker GPVI may help to identify patients at risk before myocardial ischemia is evident.
 ...
PMID:Platelet glycoprotein VI: a novel marker for acute coronary syndrome. 1734 Apr 67

This study used a small-sized collagen bead column system to investigate platelet functions under high shear stress in 28 patients with effort angina and 15 healthy controls. Soluble P-selectin and soluble L-selectin were also evaluated. Patients underwent stent insertion, followed by treatment with aspirin (100 mg/day) and ticlopidine (200 mg/day). High-shear-dependent platelet function was measured using small-sized collagen beads. The retention rate of platelets from patients with angina was higher than that in healthy controls (10.9% +/- 3.9% versus 5.6% +/- 1.7%, P < .01). Soluble P-selectin and soluble L-selectin levels of patients with angina significantly increased after passage through the columns. Levels of soluble P-selectin and L-selectin in healthy controls did not exhibit significant changes with passage through the columns. These results suggested that high shear stress caused abnormal activation of leukocytes or adhesive proteins in patients with effort angina, and ticlopidine failed to suppress hyperaggregability of platelets in these patients.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation of platelet and leukocyte functions in effort angina patients using high shear conditions in small-sized collagen bead columns. 1791 Nov 96


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 Next >>