Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0002962 (angina)
 21,142 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Iron deficiency, the most common cause of anemia, is prevalent in 10 percent to 30 percent of the world's population. Inadequate intake of iron may be an important causative factor, particularly when the body requires more iron than usual (e.g., during infancy, early childhood, adolescence, pregnancy and periods of blood loss). The popular increase of fiber in diets may increase the incidence of iron-deficiency anemia because too much fiber in the diet renders available iron unabsorbable. Symptoms in children include skin or conjunctival pallor, excessive sleepiness, learning disabilities, diminished attention span, tiredness, irritability or inappropriate behavior, and pica. Adults may have shortness of breath, decrease in exercise tolerance, palpitations, tachycardia, angina, congestive heart failure, orthopnea and edema. Iron deficiency occurs in sequential states and is measured by many laboratory tests. The levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit are both decreased, while the red blood cell count may be normal initially, but will decrease as the iron-deficiency state continues. The steps of treatment include correction of the underlying disorder, administration of the amount of iron needed and observation of the response to treatment.
 ...
PMID:A guide to primary care of iron-deficiency anemia. 143 77

A study is presented of the effect of a new native calcium antagonist foridon on the course of the disease central and peripheral hemodynamics, fatty metabolism, lipid peroxidation intensity, activity of ceruloplasmin and catalase, iron and chromium saturation of transferrin, content of cyclic nucleotides in thrombocytes, the state of cellular immunity and the number of circulating immune complex in 30 patients with advancing and stable exertion stenocardia (control--30 analogous patients treated by phynoptin and corinfar). It was established that foridon produced a positive effect on the intensity of the pain syndrome, hemodynamics, degree of lipid peroxidation, content of cyclic nucleotides and immune status of stenocardia patients.
 ...
PMID:[The efficacy of foridon in treating stenocardia patients]. 180 58

Over a period of 18 months, 313 patients (mean age 52 years) undergoing elective cardiovascular surgery were included in the autologous transfusion program involving two different Transfusion Centres. A further 10 patients were excluded because of anaemia (haemoglobin levels less than 11 g.dl-1) (n = 3), angina pectoris less than 8 days before (n = 3), patient refusal (n = 2), pneumonia (n = 1), and severe aortic insufficiency (n = 1). A maximum of 5 ml.kg-1 of blood was obtained during the 3 to 4 weeks prior to surgery, one donation being taken a week. In one Transfusion Centre, the blood was taken without tourniquet, and without any fluid replacement. Diuretics and converting enzyme inhibitors were stopped. In the opposite, in the other Centre, blood was taken using a tourniquet, and replaced by a gelatin solution (Plasmion). All the patients were given iron. The blood units were kept by the Transfusion Centres under the same conditions as homologous blood, but in a separate circuit. The 313 patients predeposited a mean of 2.71 units of blood: 4 units where obtained in 59 patients, 3 in 113, 2 in 133 and only 1 in 8. Mean haemoglobin level on starting the program was 14.49 g.dl-1. Neither homologous red cells nor plasma was administered in 176 patients (56.23%); among the 172 patients who predeposited 3 or 4 units, 123 (71.5%) were given their own blood only. Intraoperative blood salvage was used in 189 out of 313 patients (60.4%), and intraoperative haemodilution with albumin was used in 173 patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Tolerance and efficacy of delayed autologous transfusion in cardiovascular surgery]. 233 Oct 83

Blood autotransfusion has entered a new phase in blood transfusion technique, since it represents an important alternative in eliminating the risks connected with blood transfusion: viral hepatitis, AIDS, blood transfusion reactions, and alloimmunization. Transfusion requirements during cardiac surgical procedures have steadily decreased; nowadays most adult patients require no transfusion during surgery. Patients (pts) receiving bank-blood may develop infectious diseases (hepatitis, AIDS, etc.). We have studied how to avoid the risk of infections with homologous blood transfusions. We present our experience of day-hospital pre-operative autologous blood collection. One-hundred-eighty-nine patients undergoing primary myocardial revascularization or valvular replacement were submitted to the drainage of 350 ml of blood three times every four days before surgery. The blood was centrifuged at once, to separate red cells from plasma. Surgeries were performed 21 days after the first drainage; iron therapy was recommended. After surgery pts received blood only if haematocrit was lower than 28%. The following data were recorded: no. of pts who received homologous blood; blood loss and homologous total blood volume used for each pt. Average blood loss was 1230 cc for ischemic pts and 701 cc for valvular pts. Non-A non B hepatitis occurred in 3/189 pts (1.5%). All of them had received homologous blood transfusions. Our data show clearly that autotransfused pts had a better post-operative period; less bank-blood and fewer transfusions have been used. No pt had collateral effects such as angina or hypotension from blood drawing. Our data show that severe cardiac diseases do not represent an absolute contraindication to heavy blood drainage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Autologous blood transfusion in elective heart surgery: prospective study of 189 consecutive patients]. 278 7

The pathophysiology of anemia associated with renal failure and the major pharmacologic agents used in the treatment of this anemia are reviewed. Patients with renal failure are often anemic primarily because of diminished circulating erythropoietin and suppressed erythropoiesis in the bone marrow. The anemia may cause malaise, fatiguability, aggravated angina, and decreased exercise tolerance. Many patients require frequent red blood cell transfusions. Therapy has included anabolic androgen administration, iron and vitamin supplementation, and the administration of red blood cells. These approaches generally have not resulted in sustained improvement of the anemia. The recent development of recombinant human erythropoietin may represent a major therapeutic advance for the treatment of anemia associated with renal failure. Previously, erythropoietin therapy was not possible because of lack of sufficient quantities of the purified hormone. Clinical trials indicate, however, that recombinant human erythropoietin may improve erythropoiesis in most patients. Adverse effects have generally been mild and easily managed; however, increases in blood pressure and arteriovenous fistula clotting have been reported. Although initial reports are encouraging, larger and longer clinical trials are needed to determine proper dosing and to understand more completely the potential adverse effects of recombinant human erythropoietin. Previous pharmacologic attempts to improve the anemia associated with renal failure have been largely unsatisfactory; initial reports on the use of recombinant human erythropoietin are promising.
 ...
PMID:Pathophysiology and treatment of the anemia of renal failure. 328 Feb 18

Ferritin (F) is an iron-protein (molecular weight 445.000) present in various organs including the heart. Using the immunoenzymatic method (Ferrizyme Abbott), ferritinemia (Fe) was determined daily in 28 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). A significant rise was revealed, already evident in the first few days 8-9 after with Fe gradually returns to baseline levels. The results have shown that this pattern is not evident in patients with angina, heart failure, valve defects, pericarditis or cor pulmonale and may thus be considered a reliable, if not early, marker of myocardial cytolysis. In those cases studied no correlations were observed between CPK and Fe peak or between these and clinical intensity of AMI.
 ...
PMID:[Behavior of blood ferritin in acute myocardial infarct]. 355 38

The ability of leukocytes to generate active oxygen forms and plasmic levels of malonic dialdehyde as indicators of free radical process activity and that of lipid peroxidation (POL), respectively, were investigated in 50 patients with angina pectoris (20 patients with functional class I-II and 30 patients with functional class III-IV) versus 18 donors. The anginal patients are shown to have enhanced POL and free radical processes which appeared correlated with the disease severity. The authors identify factors intensifying free radical processes in anginal patients: platelet inhibition of leukocytic ability to generate active oxygen forms, changes in plasmic levels of IgM, C-reactive protein, serum iron.
 ...
PMID:[The mechanisms of the intensification of free radical processes in patients with IHD-stenocardia in relation to its severity]. 801 25

A 72-year-old patient presented himself with typical symptoms of coronary heart disease and was scheduled for invasive diagnostic procedures. Cardiac risk factors were smoking and arterial hypertension. The physical examination was inconspicious. In the laborchemistry a hemoglobin of 79 g/l with a mean corpuscular volume of 63 fl and a mean corpuscular hemoglobin of 20 pg was conspicuous. The serum iron was with 42 micrograms/dl in the lower norm. Transferrin, bili-rubin and lactate dehydrogenase were normal. Then in the gastrointestinal investigations he was diagnosed with a leiomyoma of the intestine that led to chronic anaemia and additionally to chest pain characteristic for angina pectoris. After the removal of the tumor and normalization of hemoglobin this patient was free from symptoms of the disease. The coronary angiography revealed a complex stenosis of the right coronary artery with collaterales and not significant stenosis both of the left coronary arteries. In patients with angina pectoris anaemia as the possible and only cause of angina ought to be verified. It is therefore necessary after normalization of hemoglobin and clarification of the cause for the anaemia to apply a test for coronary ischemia.
 ...
PMID:[Angina pectoris in leiomyoma]. 975 77

Changes were studied in the blood plasma content of trace elements (iron, zinc, manganese, copper and zinc) before and after a 20-day course of treatment in patients with IHD, stable angina, who were given, apart from antianginal therapy, eunicap M having in its composition trace elements (iron, manganese, cuprum, and other trace elements). It has been ascertained that IHD is accompanied by changes in the blood plasma content of trace elements. Combination of eunicap M with antianginal therapy promotes the tendency toward normalization of iron and cuprum metabolism; there was no significant change in the content of zinc and manganese, which fact may be related to a deficient content of manganese in the given drug preparation or a greater demand for them in patients with atherosclerosis.
 ...
PMID:[The correction of the trace element composition of the blood plasma in patients with ischemic heart disease by using Eunicap M]. 1042 18

The role of nitric oxide in cellular signaling in the past 22 years has become one of the most rapidly growing areas in biology with more than 20,000 publications to date. Nitric oxide is a gas and free radical with an unshared electron that can regulate an ever-growing list of biological processes. In many instances nitric oxide mediates its biological effects by activating guanylyl cyclase and increasing cyclic GMP synthesis from GTP. However, the list of effects of nitric oxide that are independent of cyclic GMP is also growing at a rapid rate. For example, nitric oxide can interact with transition metals such as iron, thiol groups, other free radicals, oxygen, superoxide anion, unsaturated fatty acids and other molecules. Some of these reactions result in the oxidation of nitric oxide to nitrite and nitrate to terminate its effect, while other reactions can lead to altered protein structure, function, and/or catalytic capacity. These diverse effects of nitric oxide that are either cyclic GMP dependent or independent can alter and regulate important physiological and biochemical events in cell regulation and function. Nitric oxide can function as an intracellular messenger, an autacoid, a paracrine substance, a neurotransmitter, or as a hormone that can be carried to distant sites for effects. Thus, it is a unique simple molecule with an array of signaling functions. However, as with any messenger molecule, there can be too little or too much of the substance and pathological events result. Some of the methods to regulate either nitric oxide formation, metabolism, or function have been in clinical use for more than a century as with the use of organic nitrates and nitroglycerin in angina pectoris that was initiated in the 1870's. Current and future research with nitric oxide and cyclic GMP will undoubtedly expand the clinicians' therapeutic armamentarium to manage a number of important diseases by perturbing nitric oxide and cyclic GMP formation and metabolism. Such promise and expectations have obviously fueled the interests in these signaling molecules for a growing list of potential therapeutic applications.
 ...
PMID:Discovery of some of the biological effects of nitric oxide and its role in cell signaling. 1051 91


1 2 3 Next >>