Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0002962 (angina)
 21,142 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A study of the antianginal efficacy of corinfar therapy by courses at daily doses of 30 and 60 mg (14 days) was carried out in 20 patients (males) with typical angina pectoris. Individual variability of response to the studied drug doses was noted. A high increment of tolerance to physical exercise on the bicycle ergometer was noted in the 1st group of patients using even small doses (30mg), in the 2nd group the antianginal effect was observed after increasing the dose up to 60 mg and in the 3rd group no effect was observed with any of the doses. Corinfar therapy did not influence the heart rate (HR), systolic and diastolic arterial pressure (SAP, DAP) and the double derivative (SAP X HR) at rest. A significant decrease in the above parameters as compared to the initial ones was noted in physical exercise at the level of the control test. At the maximum level of exercise the parameters corresponded to those of the initial test.
 ...
PMID:[Correlation between the therapeutic effectiveness of corinfar and its dose in patients with exercise-induced stenocardia]. 373 98

Coronary angiographic findings were compared in patients who presented with acute myocardial infarction (AMI, n = 75), unstable angina pectoris (UAP, n = 36), or stable angina pectoris (SAP, n = 36) for > or = 2 years without evidence of any previous acute event and with an angiogram within 2 years of the initial symptoms. Angiograms were evaluated blindly for severity, extent (depending on the percentage of each coronary segment showing atherosclerosis), and pattern (discrete, < 3 loci of narrowings involving < 50% of any segment; diffuse, anything exceeding this). Patients in the SAP group had more narrowed arteries (2.4 +/- 0.7 vs 1.3 +/- 0.6 [p < 0.02] and 1.4 +/- 0.6 [p < 0.02]), more stenoses (6.0 +/- 3.3 vs 2.1 +/- 1.5 [p < 0.01] and 2.6 +/- 1.7 [p < 0.05]) and occlusions (1.3 +/- 1.1 vs 0.7 +/- 0.6 [p = 0.05] and 0.3 +/- 0.5 [p < 0.02]), and a greater extent index (0.9 +/- 0.5 vs 0.5 +/- 0.3 [p < 0.02] and 0.5 +/- 0.3 [p < 0.02]) than those in the AMI and UAP groups. Furthermore, a discrete pattern was less prevalent in patients with UAP than in those with SAP or AMI (3% vs 40% [p < 0.02] and 25% [p < 0.05], respectively). In conclusion, patients who present with acute coronary syndromes have less extensive atherosclerosis than those who present with chronic stable angina. Therefore, in the former group, coronary atherosclerosis appears to be more susceptible to ischemic stimuli responsible for acute coronary syndromes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Comparison of coronary angiographic narrowing in stable angina pectoris, unstable angina pectoris, and in acute myocardial infarction. 761 11

Endothelin (ET), the most potent endogenous vasoconstrictor with mitogenic potency, is generated from its precursor big-endothelin (BET) in a proteolytic process and discussed as a pathogenetic factor in coronary artery disease and in the acute coronary syndromes. Several studies documented elevated plasma endothelin concentrations in acute myocardial infarction, but conflicting results were reported in patients with stable and unstable angina. Only few studies determined big endothelin, although it half-life and plasma concentrations are higher in comparison to endothelin. ET and BET levels (Radioimmunoassay, Biomedica GmbH, Vienna) were determined in patients with stable angina (SAP, n = 20), unstable angina (IAP, n = 12), acute myocardial infarction (AMI, n = 12) and healthy subjects (NP, n = 11). The concentrations of ET and BET (median (minimum-maximum) in fmol/ml) of the patients with stable angina (SAP: ET 0.7 (0.3-1.1); BET 1.7 (0.7-2.9)), unstable angina (IAP: ET 1.0(0.5-1.7); BET 2.5 (1.3-4.1)) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI: ET 1.2 (0.6-2.3); BET 3.6 (3.2-5.3)) showed a significant difference compared to controls (NP: ET 0.5 (0.4-0.7); BET 1.4 (1.1-1.7)) (SAP vs. NP: ET p < 0.01; BET p < 0.05; IAP and AMI vs. NP: ET and BET p < 0.001). Also, the concentrations of the peptides differed significantly dependent on the clinical severity of coronary artery disease (AMI vs. SAP: ET and BET p < 0.001; AMI vs. IAP: BET p < 0.05; IAP vs. SAP: ET p < 0.05; BET p < 0.01). Twelve of 15 patients with big endothelin concentrations over 3 fmol/ml suffered acute myocardial infarction. Seven of 12 patients with AMI showed elevated ET and BET concentrations before the increase of creatinecinase. There was no correlation between number of risk factors per patient, cholesterin and subfractions, severity of CAD classified in one-two-three-vessel disease or coronary score according to modified criteria of the American Heart Association (AHA). We conclude that in patients with coronary artery disease endothelin and big endothelin levels are elevated and related to the clinical and not to the morphological severity of coronary artery disease. Big endothelin is the more sensitive parameter in comparison to endothelin and indicates a severe course of myocardial ischemia in patients with unstable angina. The development of assays with the possibility of a quick determination of the peptides may be valuable for risk stratification of acute coronary events.
 ...
PMID:[Endothelin and big endothelin in coronary heart disease and acute coronary syndromes]. 903 1

Although coronary calcium is invariably associated with atherosclerosis, its role in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic coronary syndromes remains unclear. Utilizing double helical computerized tomography we evaluated the coronary calcium patterns in 149 patients: 47 with chronic stable angina (SAP) compared with 102 patients surviving a first acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Prevalence of coronary calcium was 81% among the AMI patients and 100% in the stable angina patients. The 547 calcific lesions identified in the AMI patients and the 1,242 lesions in the stable angina patients were categorized into 3 groups according to their extent: mild, intermediate, and extensive. The age-adjusted percentages of the highest level of calcification among AMI versus stable angina patients were: mild 18% vs 3%, intermediate 49% vs 18%, and extensive lesions 33% vs 79%, respectively (p < 0.01). In the AMI group, 73 culprit arteries were identified: 16 (22%) had no calcium detected, whereas 30 (41%) had mild lesions, 20 (27%) had intermediate forms, and only 7 (10%) had extensive lesions. The age-adjusted mean of the natural logarithm transformation of total calcium scores +1 was significantly lower in patients with AMI than in those with SAP (4.1 [95% confidence interval 3.7 to 4.4) vs 5.3 [95% confidence interval 4.8 to 5.8]). Thus, double helical computerized tomography demonstrates that extensive calcium characterizes the coronary arteries of patients with chronic stable angina, whereas a first AMI most often occurs in mildly calcified or noncalcified culprit arteries.
 ...
PMID:Comparison of coronary calcium in stable angina pectoris and in first acute myocardial infarction utilizing double helical computerized tomography. 946 66

Coronary calcification, a type of coronary atherosclerosis, has recently been closely examined in clinical cardiology because its presence may influence the selection of interventional therapy. In addition, plaque instability is one of the most important factors in the mechanism of acute coronary syndrome, and calcium deposit is frequently detected in advanced lesions. However, little is known about the clinical significance of coronary calcification. The incidence of calcium deposits was investigated in the culprit lesions (culprit coronary calcification) of patients with serious coronary artery disease to discover any cardioprotective effect. Initial coronary angiography was performed in 179 consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction with Q wave on electrocardiography (AMI group; male 139, female 40, mean age 60.2 +/- 10 yr) and in 119 consecutive patients with stable effort angina pectoris (SAP group; male 78, female 41, mean age 63.8 +/- 8 yr) for which balloon plasty or bypass surgery was necessary from 1990 to 1997. Culprit coronary calcification was defined positive if the calcification deposit was present cinefluoroscopically within 5 mm from the culprit point. The culprit point was defined as the narrowest point after successful intracoronary thrombolytic therapy or the latest point to be dilated during a balloon inflation in direct or rescue percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in the AMI group, and the narrowest point of the culprit lesion in the SAP group. There was no statistical difference in clinical background between the 2 groups other than male dominance in the AMI group and high incidence of family history of ischemic heart disease in the SAP group (p < 0.05). Culprit coronary calcification in patients over 50 years old was less frequently positive in the AMI group than the SAP group (26% vs 66%, p < 0.005, respectively). In younger patients under 50 years old, the incidence of culprit coronary calcification was low (14-15%) in both groups. Culprit coronary calcification was frequently positive in the right or the left anterior descending coronary artery in the SAP group (p < 0.005). There was no incidental sex difference of culprit coronary calcification. This comparison suggests that if a plaque contains cinefluoroscopically visible calcification, it may be regarded as less vulnerable or having a history of chronic process of atherosclerosis which results in protecting plaque rupture.
 ...
PMID:[Calcification in culprit lesions of coronary artery disease]. 1065 47

The pathogenesis of unstable angina pectoris (UAP) following percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) or directional coronary atherectomy (DCA) has not been adequately investigated, so the present study aimed to determine whether thrombi are present in restenotic lesions. The study group comprised 14 patients (16 arterial branches) with angina pectoris in whom either PTCA or DCA was performed and who had developed UAP associated with restenosis, and who then underwent DCA of the restenosed lesion (R-UAP group). The control groups comprised individuals with UAP undergoing DCA with no prior history of PTCA or DCA (P-UAP group; n=29, 29 branches), patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI group; n=34, 34 branches), and patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP group; n=31, 33 branches). The presence of thrombi was determined by light microscopy of histologic specimens. Thrombus was present in only 1 of the 16 (6.3%) branches in the R-UAP group. 21 of the 29 (72.4%) branches in the P-UAP group, and in 25 of the 34 (73.5%) in the AMI group. In the SAP group, it was detected in only 2 of the 33 (7.1%) branches. The incidence of thrombus was significantly lower in the R-UAP group than in the P-UAP group. In conclusion, the role of thrombus is limited in causing post-interventional UAP at restenosed sites.
 ...
PMID:Histopathologic evaluation of coronary artery thrombi obtained by directional coronary atherectomy in patients with restenosis-induced unstable angina pectoris. 1140 31

We analyzed the concentrations of interleukins (IL)-6, IL-10, IL-12, and IL-18, interferon (IFN)-gamma, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in 40 patients with unstable angina (UAP), 39 patients with stable angina (SAP), and 52 age- and gender-matched controls. Compared with the control group, IL-12 concentrations were significantly higher in both the SAP and UAP groups, especially in the UAP group, and the IL-18 concentrations tended to be higher in the UAP group. Conversely, IL-10 concentrations were significantly lower in the SAP and UAP groups. Both IL-6 and hsCRP concentrations were significantly higher in the UAP group. The levels of hsCRP were positively correlated with inflammatory or proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-12, and IL-18), and negatively correlated with anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10). Moreover, the levels of IL-12 were positively correlated with IL-18, and negatively correlated with IL-10, and the results revealed the T-helper 1 dominant state. These results suggested that the inflammatory response was strongly associated with coronary atherosclerosis and angina pectoris, and that the T-helper 1 dominance may play an important role in these diseases.
 ...
PMID:Concentrations of interleukins, interferon, and C-reactive protein in stable and unstable angina pectoris. 1508 94

We investigated the effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines of pericardial fluid on hemodynamic parameters in patients undergoing coronary artery surgery. Seventy-eight patients were included in the study and they were allocated to three groups: group 1, stable angina pectoris (SAP, n = 15); group 2, unstable angina pectoris (USAP, n = 34); group 3, post-myocardial infarction (PMI, n = 29). Pericardial fluid and arterial blood samples were obtained from all patients and interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-2 receptor, IL-6, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels were measured. Pericardial IL-1beta concentration (pg/mL) was significantly higher in the USAP group (26.6 +/- 10.9) compared to the SAP (5.0 +/- 0.1) and PMI (5.8 +/- 1.0) groups. IL-2R, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha concentrations of pericardial fluid were significantly higher than serum in all groups; difference was more prominent in the PMI group compared to the SAP and the USAP groups. Serum IL-1beta concentrations (pg/mL) were significantly higher in the USAP group (21.8 +/- 3.4) compared to the SAP group (5.0 +/- 0.1) and the PMI group (5.4 +/- 1.6). Cardiac index (CI) before opening the pericardial sac was found to be lower in the USAP group (1.6 +/- 0.3 L/min/m2) compared to the SAP (2.2 +/- 0.5 L/min/m2) and the PMI (2.1 +/- 0.5 L/min/m2) groups (p = 0.028 and p = 0.011, respectively). In the USAP group, there was a relationship between reduction of CI and increase of IL-1beta levels in serum and pericardial fluid.
 ...
PMID:Effect of pericardial fluid pro-inflammatory cytokines on hemodynamic parameters. 1290 54

This study evaluates transcoronary changes in neutrophil and platelet activation and conjugate formation in patients with angina pectoris secondary to coronary artery disease. We examined parameters of neutrophil and platelet activation as well as the neutrophil-platelet conjugate formation in patients who underwent diagnostic coronary angiography. Thirty-nine patients with chest pain referred for cardiac catheterization were studied (23 patients with unstable angina pectoris [UAP] and 16 with stable angina pectoris [SAP]). Before coronary angiography, blood samples were obtained simultaneously from the aortic root and coronary sinus to assess leukocyte (CD11b) and platelet (CD62P) activation and leukocyte-platelet conjugates. There was a 94% increase in CD62-expressing platelets from the aorta to the coronary sinus in patients with UAP compared with a 49% increase in patients with SAP. The percentage of neutrophil-platelet conjugates increased by 22% in patients with UAP compared with a 16% decrease in those with SAP (p <0.01). In contrast, monocyte-platelet binding across the coronary bed increased to a similar degree in both groups. This study demonstrates an increase in neutrophil-platelet conjugates across the coronary circulation in UAP, compatible with a higher activation state in both cell types.
 ...
PMID:Comparison of coronary artery specific leukocyte-platelet conjugate formation in unstable versus stable angina pectoris. 1496 12

We performed BMIPP myocardial SPECT and Tl myocardial SPECT in patients with unstable angina (UAP) and stable effort angina (SAP), and compared the results for the two groups. Our subjects were 30 patients with the UAP and 25 patients with the SAP. The early and delayed images of the BMIPP were obtained with patients at rest. The early image of the Tl alone was obtained with patients at rest. We calculated severity score (SS) using the polar map based on SPECT short-axis image on the both myocardial SPECT. And, we calculated % uptake of the responsible coronary lesion and regional washout rate (WR) on myocardial SPECT with BMIPP. On coronary angiogram, no difference in % diameter stenosis was seen between the two groups. On myocardial SPECT with Tl, no difference in the SS was seen between the two groups. However, on myocardial SPECT with BMIPP, the SS was significantly higher score in the UAP group than in the SAP group. And, on myocardial SPECT with BMIPP, the % uptake and the WR were significant lower values in the UAP group than in the SAP group. Even if the two groups have almost the same level of myocardial perfusion disorder, the UAP group may have severer myocardial fatty-acid metabolic disorder than the SAP group, because the defects in BMIPP were significantly severer in the UAP group.
 ...
PMID:[Comparison between unstable angina pectoris and stable effort angina pectoris by using 123I-BMIPP and 201Tl myocardial SPECT]. 1517 54


1 2 3 4 Next >>