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Query: UMLS:C0002962 (angina)
 21,142 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In ten angina patients responding with a myocardial anaerobic metabolic pattern to isoproterenol infusion, a new beta-blocking agent, bunitrolol, was effective in normalizing the myocardial lactate extraction ratio. The correlation with lipid metabolism was also interesting because beta-blocker action reduced significantly arterial non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) level as well as myocardial NEFA extraction. The metabolic behavior suggests the effectiveness of bunitrolol in the treatment of ischemic heart disease.
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PMID:Study of the metabolic effects of bunitrolol (Koe 1366) in angina induced by catecholamine infusion. 3 2

The clinical effect of the beta-adrenergic blocking drug acebutolol hydrochloride (SECTRAL) was studied in 18 patients with angina pectoris. Ambulatory 24-h ECG monitoring proved to be a useful method for assessing the efficacy of this drug in individual patients in their own daily stresses and environment. Patients were studied in the control state, after two weeks' treatment with placebo, and after two weeks' constant oral dose of the drug. It was found that acebutolol produced a significant decrease in ischemic ST segment depression in patients in whom good beta-blockade was achieved. The drug was less effective in patients in whom the heart rate response to exercise was not suppressed and in those with critical coronary artery obstructions.
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PMID:Effect of acebutolol on dynamic ischemic ECG changes: a study using ambulatory twenty-four-hour ECG monitoring. 3 90

Atenolol is a beta-selective (cardioselective) adrenoceptor blocking drug without partial agonist or membrane stabilising activity. Its profile of action most closely resembles that of metoprolol which differs only in that it has some membrane stabilising activity. Atenolol has been well studied and is effective in the treatment of hypertension and in the prophylactic management of angina. Its narrow dose response range obviates the need for highly individualised dose titration. In patients with angina its long duration of beta-blocking activity allows once daily dosage, whereas other beta-blockers, unless in sustained release dosage forms, need to be given in divided doses. Other beta-blockers can be given once daily in hypertension, but at presnt the evidence for effective control with a once daily regimen is more convincing with atenolol. Further studies are need to clarify any important differences in blood pressure control between the various beta-blocking drugs, both in conventional or sustained release dosage forms. As with metoprolol, atenolol is preferable to non-selective beta-blockers in patients with asthma or diabetes mellitus. Atenolol has been well tolerated in most patients, its profile of adverse reactions generally resembling that of other beta-blocking drugs, although its low lipid solubility and limited penetration into the brain results in a lower incidence of central nervous system effects than seen with propranolol. Atenolol is eliminated virtually entirely as unchanged drug in the urine and dosage needs to be reduced in patients with moderate to severely impaired renal function (glomerular filtration rate less than 30 ml/min). There is no need for modification of dosage of atenolol in liver disease.
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PMID:Atenolol: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in angina pectoris and hypertension. 3 96

Seventeen patients suffering from angina pectoris were submitted to bicycle ergometer test until an ST ischemic segment of typical pain occurred. Before and during the effort the ECG was recorded: before and after the exercise, the systolic intervals were calculated and arterial pressure measured. The T.P. index, namely the product of systolic arterial pressure by the heart rate and ejection time was calculated. The recordings and the effort test were repeated 5 min after treatment with the beta-blocking drug 1-(o-methoxyphenoxy)-3-isopropylamino-2-propanol hydrochloride (SD 1601). After treatment with the blocker, patients were able to prolong the duration of exercise or perform a higher mean total external work. SD 1601 significantly diminished O2 myocardial consumption at rest, expressed as T.P. During physical exercise, work and thus O2 consumption rise; given equal external work, SD 1601 rduces significantly O2 consumption. Acutely given, SD 1601 did not affect systolic intervals nor did it exert any negative inotropic effect.
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PMID:Antianginal and haemodynamic effects of a new beta-blocking agent, SD 1601. 4 May 67

The effect of treatment for 1--4 weeks with metoprolol, a beta 1-selective blocking agent, or alprenolol, on the heart rate and blood pressure response to isometric exercise was studied in two groups of 12 patients with angina. Measurements were made during the peak effect of metoprolol 10, 40 or 50 mg, and alprenolol 200 mg as Aptin Durules. After 1 min of sustained handgrip at 50% of maximal voluntary contraction, systolic (6--15%) and diastolic (8--12%) blood pressure after both drugs was significantly lower than without any beta-blockade; Heart rate was decreased by 19--22% by metroprolol but not by alprenolol. The blood pressure rise during handgrip was not attenuated by either drug. The rise in heart rate was significantly reduced (by 36--50%) by metoprolol 40 and 50 mg and alprenolol 200 mg. No patient experienced angina during handgrip. In contrast, all but one were restricted by angina during bycycle exercise without treatment, at a level that produced the same increase in heart rate as the handgrip test, vis. 3 min at a load of 33 W). The cardiovascular response to sustained handgrip is too small to provide a useful challenge for determinatin of the anti-anginal efficacy of drugs. However, slight ECG changes of ischaemia did occur during handgrip, which were reversed by beta-blockade.
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PMID:Effect of beta-adrenergic blockade on haemodynamic responses to dynamic and isometric exercise in angina pectoris. 4 Jul 98

The aim of this study based on a series of 200 patients, was to define the outcome and the prognostic factors of patients presenting with unstable angina, according to Bertolazi's criteria [3] and at least one stenosis greater than 80% on a proximal segment of a main coronary trunc, and to determine which factors should eventually be taken into consideration in the discussion of surgical indications. 70 out of 200 patients (35%) were turned down for direct revascularisation surgery because of an ejection fraction less than 0,35 and/or a poor arterial run off. Coronary arteriography showed 30% patients with a menacing stenosis (greater than 80%) on all three vessels, 36% on two vessels and 22% on a single vessel. The distribution and the extent of the lesions was about the same as in the operated patients. 20% patients had an ejection fraction less than 0,35, 24% between 0,34 and 0,50, and 56% greater than 0,50. At patient, the follow up period ranges from 22 to 66 months (average 32 months). In this group, the hospital mortality was 2,9%, the secondary cardiac deaths 16% and the global mortality 19% compared to 12,6% for the operated patients in the same period. The incidence of secondary non-fatal infarction was low (9%). 52% of survivors have persistent angina, 39% severe (Class II or III). Two prognostic factors were detected from this study: the type of angina: the intermediary syndrome had a bad prognosis, 38,5% mortality compared to 13% for aggravated chronic angina; and the ventriculography: patients with ejection fractions less than 0,35 had 64% mortality compared to 7,3% for those with ejection fractions greater than 0,40. The number of menacing lesions, the extent of the lesions of the artery involved did not affect the prognosis when severe abnormalities of left ventricular function were absent.
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PMID:[Unstable angina with threatening coronary lesions turned down for surgery. Outcome and prognostic factors]. 4

The virological examination of 1365 samples taken from 469 children vaccinated against smallpox revealed considerable differences in the frequency and the time of vaccinia virus detection in different clinical forms of postvaccinal pathology as compared with uncomplicated vaccinal process. During the postvaccinal period taking its normal course vaccinia virus was isolated from 7.3% of children only from the pharynx till day 8 following vaccination. In generalized and creeping vaccinia the virus was isolated from 71.4% of children, in postvaccinal encephalitis from 57.1% of children, in vaccinal angina frove-mentioned complications vaccinia virus was detected in the samples obtained from the patients till days 24, 35, 15 and 24 respectively. The etiopathogenetic role of vaccinia virus in a number of postvaccinal complications is discussed.
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PMID:[Participation of vaccinia virus in the pathogenesis of different clinical forms of postvaccinal complications. I. Frequency of vaccinia virus detection in the vaccinted who have usual and complicated reactions to vaccination]. 4 43

In a cohort of 417 patients admitted consecutively to the Coronary Care Unit for acute myocardial ischemia (unstable angina pectoris in 121, acute myocardial infarction in 296 patients) 21 cases of non arrhythmogenic sudden death occurred within 24 hours after admission. 16 of these patients suffered from acute myocardial infarction and 5 from unstable angina pectoris. Cause of death was cardiac rupture in 12 and pump failure in 4 patients with acute myocardial infarction, whereas all patients with unstable angina pectoris died from pump failure. Patients with cardiac rupture within 24 hours after admission, had significantly higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure in comparison with the other groups and with patients dying from cardiac rupture on the third day, or later. All patients dying from pump failure with unstable angina pectoris and one of the patients dying from pump failure with acute myocardial infarction had beta blocker therapy. Beta blockers were given to 68 of the patients with unstable angina pectoris. Acute pump failure occurred in this group only. The risk of pump failure with beta receptor blocking drugs is indicated by angina decubitus, marked dyspnea during anginal attacks (even in patients free of signs of cardial insufficiency outside their attacks) and a lack of responsiveness to beta blocking therapy. In these patients rapid coronary angiography and bypass surgery seems to be the prefered method of management. Beta blockers should not be given to these patients or discontinued in cases which lack responsiveness.
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PMID:[Non arrhythmogenic sudden death as complication of coronary heart disease]. 4 54

Beta-blockers have been used in cardiology for the past 15 years in three directions: angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmias, and hypertension. The haemodynamic effects are real: --imposed bradycardia, whether the basal rhythm be sinus or atrial fibrillation; --confirmed myocardial depression which reduces the energy needs of the myocardium; --fall in systolic pressure, the mechanism of which remains open to discussion. The theories explaining these haemodynamic effects are reviewed. The harmful effects of these substances are defined, together with the drug combinations which may avoid or counteract them.
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PMID:[Hemodynamic effects of beta blockers]. 4 34

A double-blind cross-over study was undertaken to compare the effects of ordinary metoprolol tablets (tablets) 0.1 g b.i.d. and metoprolol slow-release tablets (Durules) 0.2 g once daily in 16 patients with angina pectoris. Initially, the patients were treated with placebo for 2 weeks, and then during the cross-over periods with either 1 tablet morning and evening or 1 Durules in the morning and 1 placebo in the evening. Standardized bicycle ergometer exercise tests with heart rate and blood pressure measurements were performed 2 hours after placebo, 2 hours after tablets and Durules, 12 hours after tablets and 24 hours after Durules. The patients kept diaries of their anginal attacks throughout the study. There were no statistically significant differences in total work between tablets and Durules when the values at 12 hours and 24 hours were compared. However, total work was significantly greater at 2 hours and at 12 hours after tablets and 24 hours after Durules than after placebo. Heart rate and systolic blood pressure during exercise were significantly decreased 24 hours after Durules compared to placebo. The heart rate was, however, lower 12 hours after tablets than 24 hours after Durules (p less than 0.05), although this slight difference in the degree of beta-blockade did not seem to be of clinical importance in these patients.
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PMID:Slow-release metoprolol in angina pectoris. A comparative study of a cardioselective beta-blocking drug, metoprolol, in ordinary and slow-release tablets (Durules) in the treatment of angina pectoris. 4 71


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