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Query: UMLS:C0002962 (angina)
 21,142 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The therapeutic efficacy and changes of clinical and hemodynamic indices due to the use of long-action nitrates were studied in 91 patients with chronic ischemic heart disease. The native drug nitrogranulong produces an essential effect on the hemodynamics resulting in a complete disappearance or reduction of stenocardia attacks, increased tolerance to physical loads as evidenced by bicycle ergometric data.
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PMID:[The efficacy of prolonged-action nitrates in stenocardia]. 251 63

The National Hospital Discharge Survey provides cross-sectional and trend data for analysis of cardiovascular diseases that may require surgery or other procedures. Overall, there was a decline in the hospital discharge rate for all causes since 1983. However, the number of discharges with first-listed coronary artery-related diagnoses increased between 1984 and 1986. For men, the estimated number of these discharges increased from 1,161,000 to 1,323,000. For both sexes, there was a decrease for chronic ischemic heart disease; however, the number of discharges for unstable angina pectoris doubled over this period. It is uncertain whether this reflects an increase in disease or is the result of reimbursement policies affecting diagnosis. For both unstable and stable angina pectoris, there was a reversal of the male-female ratio at older ages, with larger numbers of older women than men discharged with these diagnoses. The discharge rates for all-listed acute myocardial infarction remained relatively constant over the past 7 years. However, the average length of stay decreased. Dysrhythmias and heart failure were the most frequent complications listed. The number of coronary artery bypass graft surgery discharges increased from 114,000 in 1979 to 228,000 in 1986. The increase in coronary angioplasty is noteworthy, rising from 2,000 to 133,000 in the same period. For both procedures, the most frequently associated diagnosis was chronic ischemic heart disease. Further monitoring of hospital discharge trends for coronary heart disease and related procedures is indicated.
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PMID:Coronary heart disease and related procedures. National Hospital Discharge Survey data. 252 95

Urolesan was used in the treatment of patients with chronic ischemic heart disease. It was established that urolesan favours improvement of the state of the vascular component of microcirculation, aggregation of erythrocytes, increase of the peripheral circulation, normalization of the blood coagulation system, optimization of external respiration, normalization of the activity of serum aminotransferases. These changes were particularly pronounced in exertion stenocardia.
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PMID:[Urolesan in the treatment of stenocardia patients]. 260 87

The choice of therapy in chronic ischemic heart disease depends on identifying the underlying mechanism. Ambulatory monitoring provides a means of identifying those patients in whom increased myocardial oxygen demand is the most important mechanism and who will respond to a beta blocker. In contrast, those patients with coronary spasm are best treated with a calcium antagonist. The history of angina pectoris and the time of onset may, in itself, be misleading. Detailed ambulatory monitoring studies show that nocturnal angina is frequently due to increased myocardial oxygen demand and in such circumstances should be treated by careful control of the heart rate using a beta blocker without intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. Other factors that will influence the choice of medical therapy must be considered. Smoking is particularly important because it not only acts detrimentally in terms of increased myocardial oxygen demand, but may also interfere with the metabolism of those antianginal agents that are metabolized in the liver. The importance of silent myocardial ischemia has been emphasized recently, and studies using ambulatory pulmonary artery monitoring have shown that silent ischemic episodes have the same significance in terms of hemodynamic effects as painful ischemic episodes. The therapeutic and prognostic implications of these findings need to be explored.
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PMID:Choice of therapy in chronic ischemic heart disease. 288 99

Patients with typical effort angina have been considered to have normal myocardial metabolism at bodily rest (24). In contrast to this, the present study demonstrated, even in resting asymptomatic CAD patients, a decreased myocardial uptake of FFA, independent of arterial levels and probably reflecting a decreased capacity for FFA oxygenation. This was compensated for by increased aerobic, and in some cases anaerobic, carbohydrate utilization. Further more, there was increased alanine release and glutamate uptake, related to, and perhaps of importance for the maintenance of increased carbohydrate breakdown. The altered myocardial substrate preference related to the severity of ischemic disease, indicates a metabolic adaptation induced by chronic myocardial ischemia in CAD patients.
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PMID:Myocardial substrate utilization and amino acid metabolism in chronic coronary artery disease. 343 81

In 364 women who died of myocardial infarction, autopsy was performed to assess the extent of chronic ischemic heart disease. The mean age at the time of death at 70.5 years was higher than that of men who died of myocardial infarction; only 4% of the women were less than 50 years of age. In all cases, there were severe arteriosclerotic changes in all coronary arteries. Three-forths of the patients had luminal narrowing of more than 50%, one-forth less than 50%. Accordingly, with respect to morphology, for acute myocardial infarction as cause of death, there were no differences between the sexes. The muscle mass averaging 440 g was less than that reported for comparable studies in men. In 59 women less than 50 years of age with complaints consistent with angina pectoris and angiographically-documented normal coronary arteries, left ventricular biopsies were examined for evidence of chronic ischemic heart disease. In ten patients changes in the terminal vascular beds were found which were considered to be compatible with small vessel disease and in 19 patients there were microscars and a fibrotic pattern as seen in chronic ischemic heart disease. Twelve patients had scarring and fibrosis similar to that seen after myocarditis and 18 patients had a round-cell myocarditis without evidence of involvement of the terminal vascular beds. Thus, heart muscle biopsies appear to be of value in the diagnosis of changes in peripheral arterial beds.
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PMID:[Pathologico-anatomical peculiarities of ischemic heart disease in females]. 365 34

To asses haemodynamic effects of short and long term amiodarone on ischaemia-induced left ventricular dysfunction and to compare them with those of glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin), beta-blocking and calcium antagonist drugs, 19 patients with chronic ischaemic heart disease were studied. All patients underwent simultaneous right heart catheterisation and equilibrium radionuclide angiocardiography at rest and during symptom-limited supine bicycle exercise. After control measurements without antianginal therapy, 10 patients received 7.5 mg/kg amiodarone intravenously over 5 minutes (short term study) followed by oral administration of amiodarone for 3 weeks (long term study). The remaining 9 patients were studied following the randomised administration of glyceryl trinitrate (0.8 mg sublingually), metoprolol (0.15 mg/kg intravenously) and nifedipine (5 ng/kg/min). During exercise known to provoke angina pectoris without therapy (control study), amiodarone improved myocardial oxygen consumption by reducing heart rate and systolic blood pressure without the negative inotropic effects seen after acute beta-adrenoceptor blockade. Comparisons with the haemodynamic profiles of other antianginal drugs suggest that amiodarone may be most effective when combined with glyceryl trinitrate or nifedipine for the treatment of ischaemic left ventricular dysfunction.
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PMID:Effect of short and long term administration of amiodarone on ischaemia-induced left ventricular dysfunction. Implications for combined antianginal drug therapy. 392 32

This study's objectives were to determine the influence of age and occupational factors on cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence among U.S. Navy pilots diagnosed with CVD during a 12.5-year time period (n = 150) and to identify precursory diseases associated with CVD. Results showed a relationship between CVD and age; pilots, on the average, were more than 3 years younger at the time of CVD onset than other officers. No occupational factor was associated with CVD; fighter pilots had the highest rates of acute myocardial infarction and chronic ischemic heart disease. Angina pectoris was observed as a precursory disease of chronic ischemic heart disease, and several behaviorally related disorders (e.g., alcoholism) occurred with hypertension. Subsequent research should include all U.S. military pilots to examine, in a larger population, the influence on CVD of such occupational factors as flight in high-performance aircraft. An intervention program should be implemented to modify the lifestyles of pilots who had been hospitalized for hypertension and/or such conditions as obesity and alcoholism.
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PMID:Cardiovascular disease among U.S. Navy pilots. 400 72

In 40 patients suffering from chronic ischemic heart disease (16 with history of myocardial infarction, 10 with unstable angina and 14 with stable angina) and in an equal number of sex-and age-matched control subjects, we have determined plasma and blood viscosity according to RAND et al. using a Wells-Brookfield Micro-Viscometer, shear rate 230 sec-1, and red cell filterability according to REID et al. Significant differences were found in patients suffering from ischemic heart disease, in comparison with the control group, for blood viscosity (p less than 0.01), plasma viscosity (p less than 0.001) and red cell filterability (p less than 0.001). The changes of hemorheological parameters in ischemic heart disease, especially in patients suffering from unstable angina and in those with history of myocardial infarction, point to the opportunity of a pharmacological treatment aiming at improving the district microcirculation.
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PMID:[Evaluation of blood viscosity and erythrocyte filterability in chronic ischemic heart disease]. 403 13

One hundred forty-six adult men from sixteen Veterans Administration hospitals were entered in a controlled prospective clinical trial. Seventy-one patients were randomly allocated to receive implantation of the internal mammary artery into the left ventricular myocardium for chronic ischemic heart disease with angina pectoris, and 75 were assigned to the control group. The two treatment groups were similar at baseline with respect to sixteen clinical and angiographic factors thought to have prognostic importance. Most of the patients were operated on before 1970. Operative mortality was 12%, and implant patency in 52% of eligible patients studied 1 year after operation was 67%. At the end of follow-up extending up to 12 years (mean, 9.3 years), cumulative survival for both groups was similar. Over half of the patients (58%) had died at the end of 10 years (5% per year). While the hypothesis on which the operation was based appears to be valid, the degree of revascularization achievable in most patients did not affect longevity.
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PMID:Long-term results of internal mammary artery implantation for coronary artery disease: a controlled trial by the participants of the Veterans Administration Coronary Bypass Surgery Cooperative Study Group. 610 54


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