Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002962 (angina)
 21,142 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A health survey of 2,039 persons in 606 households located near the Stringfellow Hazardous Waste Disposal site, Riverside County, California, and in a reference community was conducted to assess whether rates of adverse health outcomes were elevated among persons living near the site. Data included a household questionnaire, medical records of reported cancers and pregnancies, and birth and death certificates. The study areas appeared similar with respect to mortality, cancer incidence, and pregnancy outcomes. In contrast, rate ratios were greater than 1.5 for 5 of 19 reported diseases, i.e., ear infections, bronchitis, asthma, angina pectoris, and skin rashes. Prevalence odds ratios for 23 symptoms were uniformly greater than 1.0, and 8 symptoms had odds ratios greater than 1.5: blurred vision, pain in ears, daily cough for more than a month, nausea, frequent diarrhea, unsteady when walking, and frequent urination. The apparent broad-based elevation in reported diseases and symptoms may reflect increased perception or recall of conditions by respondents living near the site. These results indicate that future community-based health studies should include medical and psychosocial assessment instruments sufficient to distinguish between changes in health status and effects of resident reporting tendency.
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PMID:A health study of two communities near the Stringfellow Waste Disposal site. 317 89

"Environmental tobacco smoke" (ETS) is the term used to characterize tobacco combustion products inhaled by nonsmokers in the proximity of burning tobacco. Over 3800 compounds are in tobacco smoke, many of which are known carcinogens. Most ETS exposure is from sidestream smoke emitted from the burning tip of the cigarette. Sidestream smoke is hazardous because it contains high concentrations of ammonia, benzene, nicotine, carbon monoxide, and many carcinogens. Nonsmokers chronically exposed to ETS are believed to assume health risks similar to those of a light smoker. Children of parents who smoke have more respiratory infections, more hospitalizations for bronchitis and pneumonia, and a smaller rate of increase in lung function compared to children of parents who do not smoke, particularly during the first year of life. Among adults with preexisting health conditions such as allergies, chronic lung conditions, and angina, the symptoms of these conditions are exacerbated by exposure to ETS. The acute health effects among healthy adults include headaches, nausea, and irritation of the eyes and nasal mucous membranes. The evidence for a relationship between ETS and cancer at sites other than lung is insufficient to draw any positive conclusions. For lung cancer, studies have consistently shown an excess risk between 10% and 300%, with a summary relative risk of 1.3 (95% confidence interval = 1.1-1.5). A dose-response relation is suggested but difficult to assess completely. Histologic types of lung cancer are generally similar to those most closely associated with active smoking, although other histologic types have also been found. Both excess relative risks and the dose responses are underestimates of the true excess risk and of the range of dose-response effect. Although the temporal relationship between exposure and disease occurrence is established, many questions are unanswered. The findings are consistent with many known biologic effects of active smoking and are partially analogous to the biologic effects of direct smoke inhalation. As many as 5000 nonsmokers are estimated to die annually from lung cancer as a result of exposure to ETS. There is great potential for prevention of these premature deaths. The two major preventive actions are (a) eliminating the source by reducing the amount of direct smoking and (b) limiting the level of exposure by restricting where tobacco can be smoked. Specific preventive actions include smoking cessation, smoking prevention, restriction of advertising, increased taxation on tobacco, and adoption of stringent nonsmoking policies in the workplace, schools, and public places.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Health hazards of passive smoking. 328 40

Men who do not drink are frequently used as a baseline against which the effects of alcohol consumption are measured. The characteristics of such men have been examined in a large-scale prospective study of cardiovascular disease involving 7735 middle-aged men drawn from general practices in 24 British towns. Non-drinkers include lifelong teetotallers and ex-drinkers, both long-term and recent. Long-term ex-drinkers have many characteristics likely to increase their morbidity and mortality; recent ex-drinkers have similar characteristics but to a less marked degree. Ex-drinkers are older than the other groups and include an increased proportion of unmarried men and men in manual occupations. They have the same high percentage of current cigarette smokers as moderate/heavy drinkers and a prevalence of hypertension and obesity similar to moderate/heavy drinkers and higher than lifelong teetotallers or occasional/light drinkers. Ex-drinkers have the highest percentage of men with multiple doctor-diagnosed disorders. In particular, they have the highest prevalence rates of angina and possible myocardial infarction on standardized questionnaire, of myocardial infarction on electrocardiogram and of recall of a doctor-diagnosis of ischaemic heart disease. They also have high prevalence rates of recall of high blood pressure, peptic ulcer, diabetes, gall bladder disease and bronchitis. They have the highest rates for regular medical treatment and the highest proportion of men who consider their health to be poor. It is abundantly clear that the general category of non-drinkers, which includes a large proportion of ex-drinkers, should not be used as a baseline against which to measure the effects of alcohol consumption. Overall, it would appear that the occasional/light drinking category (less than 15 drinks/week) provides a large and satisfactory baseline group for comparative purposes in the study of cardiovascular and other organic disorders.
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PMID:Men who do not drink: a report from the British Regional Heart Study. 340 25

The effect of the beta-receptor blocking drug Tobanum was examined in 10 patients with idiopathic hyperkinetic heart syndrome. The circulation (arm-to-ear) time was determined by indicator-dilution method following methylene blue injection. The appearance, concentration, and dilution time was prolonged in each case 120 min after a single dose of 2.5 mg Tobanum. The heart rate decreased significantly. The hypotensive effect of Tobanum has been evaluated in 10 patients. A 2-week "wash-out" period preceded 5 weeks of adaptive dose administration (7.5-45 mg), and 2 weeks of placebo concluded the study. Both systolic and diastolic pressure and heart rate decreased during treatment with the drug. However, a significant increase again thereafter was observed in both standing and lying positions. The number of anginal attacks, amount of nitroglycerin consumption and the "angina index" decreased significantly in 5 of 10 patients with stable angina during the active treatment period (3 X 2.5 mg daily). Only in 1 case of 10 bronchitis patients and 10 healthy persons was a deterioration of vital capacity and FEV1 values found after a single dose of 2.5 mg Tobanum.
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PMID:Studies on a new beta-receptor blocking drug, tobanum--1-(2,5-dichlorophenoxy)-3-tertiary-butylamino-2-propanol HCl: its use in cardiovascular hyperkinetic syndrome, hypertension, and angina pectoris, and its effect on respiration. 612 61

The effects of single, consecutively increased, oral doses of the beta-adrenoceptor antagonist bisoprolol (5, 10, 15, 20, 30 and 40 mg) on blood pressure, heart rate and bronchomotor tone were investigated in an open acute trial with 16 patients suffering from angina pectoris due to coronary heart disease and reversible chronic obstructive bronchitis. Even the lowest dose of bisoprolol (5 mg) caused a marked, long-lasting reduction in blood pressure and heart rate. After doses exceeding 20 mg, the incidence of an exaggerated pharmacodynamic effect on heart rate (beta 1-blockade) increased with dose. At doses above 30 mg, bisoprolol showed incipient impairment of bronchomotor function (beta 2-blockade) in individual patients. It is concluded that bisoprolol exhibits high beta 1-selectivity, i.e. a wide beta 1/beta 2 split, since blockade of bronchial beta 2-receptors only occurred at doses well above the therapeutically relevant dose range. The results may not be applicable to chronic treatment.
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PMID:Dose-response relationship of the beta-adrenoceptor antagonist bisoprolol in patients with coronary heart disease and chronic obstructive bronchitis. 614 38

Studies on T-1982 (cefbuperazone), a new cephamycin antibiotic, were carried out in the field of pediatrics, and the following results were obtained. 1. Peak MIC of T-1982 against S. pyogenes (group A) lately isolated was 0.39 micrograms/ml, and the drug was active even against highly resistant strains of macrolides, lincomycin, tetracycline and chloramphenicol. 2. Peak MICs of T-1982 were 0.78 microgram/ml against B. pertussis, 0.2 microgram/ml against E. coli and less than or equal to 0.05 microgram/ml against K. oxytoca, and the drug was also active against ampicillin-resistant bacteria. 3. Serum levels and urinary excretions of T-1982 were investigated in 6 cases. When given at a dose of 20-28 mg/kg by 1 hour intravenous drip infusion, serum concentrations of T-1982 attained the peak level of 63.5-75.9 micrograms/ml at the end of administration and sustained the level of 0.9-2.6 micrograms/ml at 6 hours, the serum half-life (T 1/2) ranging 70-82 minutes. Approximately 20-72% of the dose were excreted in the active form into urine within 6 hours. 4. Twenty-seven cases of acute pediatric infections were treated with T-1982 mainly by intravenous drip infusion, and satisfactory clinical results were obtained in all the cases of angina lacunaris, bronchitis, bronchopneumonia, pertussis, sepsis caused by Serratia and acute urinary tract infections caused by ampicillin-resistant E. coli. The efficacy rate was 96.3%. In this study the drug was administered chiefly at a daily dose of 50-70 mg/kg 2-3 times a day for 2-12 days. 5. Gram-positive cocci (S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes) and Gram-negative rods (H. influenzae, H. parainfluenzae P. vulgaris, B. pertussis, S. marcescens, E. coli) were eradicated by the treatment with T-1982. 6. No noticeable side effects were observed, except for temporary increase of eosinophil in 2 cases and slight elevation of GOT in 1 case.
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PMID:[Fundamental and clinical studies on T-1982 (cefbuperzone), a new cephamycin antibiotic, in the field of pediatrics]. 630 96

The studies aimed at assessing the kind and the incidence of the complications of monocytic angina in childhood. In 7 out of 343 hospitalized children neurological disorders were found, thrombocytopenia was seen in 5 cases, pneumonia in 3 cases, bronchitis in 12 cases, and AV block in 3 cases. The most frequent complication of monocytic angina was respiratory tract obturation (6.4% of cases).
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PMID:[Complications of monocytic angina in children]. 823 52

We have compared the use of primary health care and the diagnoses at visits to doctors in the Spili Health Centre (SHC) in Crete and the Dalby Health Centre (DHC) in Sweden. In DHC more patients per 1000 population visited the doctors than in SHC. This was so regardless of age-group and sex, in fact more or less regardless of diagnosis. Other differences between the populations were: The diagnosis acute otitis media was more frequent in the Dalby children than in the Spili ones. The opposite was true of "head injuries" which were more frequent in the Spili boys. Visits to doctors for bronchitis was more frequent in the Spili men, maybe because of the extensive smoking habits of Cretan men. Visits for diseases of the musculoskeletal system were more frequent in DHC than in SHC. A hypothesis worth testing is that this was influenced by differences in the health insurance and sick benefit systems. Angina pectoris was fairly frequent in both areas but cardiosclerosis (including healed myocardial infarction) was more common in DHC than in SHC. Use of primary health care may be influenced by the need for health care in the population, the accessibility of the health care facilities, the costs for the patients, the quality of care as perceived by the patients and by other sociocultural factors. Comparative studies, even though fairly uncommon today, may be of use in generating hypotheses about the impact of different factors on the use of health care.
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PMID:Differences in the diagnose panorama in primary health care in Dalby, Sweden and Spili, Crete. 846 44

This Danish multicenter study was undertaken to evaluate current indications for cataract extraction and to compare the heath status among patients enlisted for cataract surgery with that reported for the background population. A consecutive sample of 290 patients from all ophthalmic hospital departments in Denmark was examined and interviewed prior to cataract extraction. The mean visual acuity in the eye enlisted for surgery was 0.17. A visual acuity of < 0.05 occurred in 11.1% and 46.7% had a visual acuity of > or = 0.05 to 0.3. Comparing these figures to other recent European studies it seems reasonable to conclude that in Denmark surgery is performed at an earlier stage of the disease. Only a few patients with no functional impairment were seen; other appropriate indications for surgery were seen for these patients. Occurrence of angina, bronchitis and prior myocardial infarction was higher in the cataract sample as compared to the random sample of Danes. The likelihood of preferring an outpatient procedure was significantly increased among younger patients, patients of better general health and among patients with better pre-operative visual acuity in eye enlisted for surgery.
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PMID:Visual impairment and general health among Danish cataract patients. Results from the Danish Cataract Surgery Outcomes Study. I. 901 50

Early recognition of alcohol problems by general practitioners might be enhanced by the use of better alcohol markers. Several studies have revealed promising results for the carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) assay in certain populations. The aim of our study was to examine the specificity of the CDT assay in a general practice population. The main research question was whether common chronic diseases and/or the accompanying prescribed drugs have a negative influence on the specificity of the CDT assay. The 524 men who participated were selected from seven general practices and were suffering from one or more of the following diseases: hypertension, asthma/bronchitis, diabetes mellitus, adipositis/lipid metabolism disorder, angina pectoris, depression, and disorders of the digestive tract. None of the studied diseases or of the accompanying prescribed drugs had an influence on the specificity of the CDT assay. The overall specificity in this general practitioner population was 0.92. It can be concluded that the studied diseases do not bear an influence on the serum CDT concentration, and that, therefore, the CDT assay is a highly specific instrument for use in assessing alcohol consumption in general practice patients.
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PMID:The specificity of the CDT assay in general practice: the influence of common chronic diseases and medication on the serum CDT concentration. 966 Mar 21


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