Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0002962 (angina)
 21,142 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The venereal diseases gonorrhoe and syphilis showed again in GDR an increasing tendency concerning their frequency by the year 1974, after having reached a low point about 1967. Now they occur relatively constantly. This increase observed throughout the world is caused by acceleration, changes in sexual behavior, homosexuality, increased promiscuity, tourism and other factors. Numerous false diagnoses of syphilitic symptoms such as herpes simplex, balanitis, carcinoma of the penis, angina, haemorrhoides, anal fissure, drug eruption and others cause the delay in the diagnostics and false treatments. Penicillin represents the drug of choice nowadays. Strict registration orders, intensification of the interdisciplinary cooperation, strict investigation of the infectious sources and endangered contact persons as well as enlarged health and sexual education are suitable weapons in the fight against the spreading of the venereal diseases.
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PMID:[Veneral diseases today]. 68 37

A total of 1380 patients with syphilis were diagnosed and treated from January 1983 to December 1991 at the Department of Dermatology and Venereology at Leipzig University in West Saxon, Federal Republic of Germany where the population is 1.4 million. The incidence of syphilis increased gradually from 1983 to 1989 and then decreased again. The number of recent cases of syphilis was almost twice as high as latent syphilis cases (63:37%). The vast majority of cases suffered from early syphilis. In almost half the source of infection was casual contacts (44%); in one-third it was a stable partners (30%); about 6% were homosexuals and about 4% were prostitutes. Among the primary syphilis cases multiple chancres were seen in 16%. In 31% of cases, the ulcus durum was extragenital. Among the secondary syphilis cases macular and maculopapular exanthema were the commonest features (51%), followed by palmoplantar syphilis (5%), condylomata lata (5%), angina specifica (3%) and papular exanthema (3%). However, in 30% of the cases multiple skin features were observed. Secondary syphilis with persistent chancres were seen in 12%. Five percent of the patients were suffering from the second to the fifth reinfection in their life, and again 5% of the syphilis cases were detected during pregnancy. Only two patients had an HIV infection, 10% suffered from gonorrhea and 10% from trichomoniasis, 12% from chlamydial infection, 4% from genital warts and 8% from herpes simplex genitalis at the same time. The therapy of choice was penicillin. In 0.3% an allergy to penicillin was observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Analysis of 1983-1991 Leipzig University Dermatology Clinic observed cases of syphilis]. 843 4

The placebo effect yields beneficial clinical results in 60-90% of diseases that include angina pectoris, bronchial asthma, herpes simplex, and duodenal ulcer. Three components bring forth the placebo effect: (a) positive beliefs and expectations on the part of the patient; (b) positive beliefs and expectations on the part of the physician or health care professional; and (c) a good relationship between the two parties. Because of the heavily negative connotations of the very words "placebo effect, " the term should be replaced by "remembered wellness." Remembered wellness has been one of medicine's most potent assets and it should not be belittled or ridiculed. Unlike most other treatments, it is safe and inexpensive and has withstood the test of time.
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PMID:Harnessing the power of the placebo effect and renaming it "remembered wellness". 871 73

The relative significance of traditional risk factors, chronic infections and autoimmune processes in the development of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has not been fully elucidated. We compared serum IgG antibody titres to various pathogens, i.e. Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cpn), cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), and to the potential autoantigens human heat shock protein 60 (hHSP60) and mycobacterial heat shock protein 65 (mHSP65), in serum samples obtained from patients 3-48 h after AMI (n = 40) or stable effort angina (SEA, n = 43), and from controls (n = 46). The strongest association was observed between AMI and the elevated level of hHSP60 antibodies. The association between AMI and the level of Cpn antibodies was also significant. High levels of hHSP60 and Cpn antibodies represented independent risk factors for the development of AMI, but the simultaneous presence of high levels of antibodies to Cpn and hHSP60 suggested a joint effect on the relative risk of AMI (OR = 12.0-21.1). The antibody titres to mHSP65 were higher in the SEA group than in the controls, and the simultaneous presence of high levels of Cpn and mHSP65 antibodies meant an increased risk among the SEA patients. The antibody titres to CMV or HSV-1 were similar in the three groups. In conclusion, these results demonstrate associations of AMI with high levels of anti-hHSP60 and anti-Cpn antibodies, and of SEA with the level of anti-mHSP65 antibodies, these being independent risk factors.
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PMID:Elevated antibody levels against Chlamydia pneumoniae, human HSP60 and mycobacterial HSP65 are independent risk factors in myocardial infarction and ischaemic heart disease. 1506 11

Pathogenic events leading to in-stent restenosis (ISR) are still incompletely understood. Among others, inflammation, immune reactions, deregulated cell death and growth have been suggested. Therefore, atherectomy probes from 21 patients with symptomatic ISR were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for pathogen burden and compared to primary target lesions from 20 stable angina patients. While cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, Epstein-Barr virus and Helicobacter pylori were not found in ISR, acute and/or persistent chlamydial infection were present in 6/21 of these lesions (29%). Expression of human heat shock protein 60 was found in 8/21 of probes (38%). Indicated by distinct signals of CD68, CD40 and CRP, inflammation was present in 5/21 (24%), 3/21 (14%) and 2/21 (10%) of ISR cases. Cell density of ISR was significantly higher than that of primary lesions (977 +/- 315 vs. 431 +/- 148 cells/mm(2); p < 0.001). There was no replicating cell as shown by Ki67 or PCNA. TUNEL(+) cells indicating apoptosis were seen in 6/21 of ISR specimens (29%). Quantitative analysis revealed lower expression levels for each intimal determinant in ISR compared to primary atheroma (all p < 0.05). In summary, human ISR at the time of clinical presentation is characterized by low frequency of pathogen burden and inflammation, but pronounced hypercellularity, low apoptosis and absence of proliferation.
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PMID:Pathogen burden, inflammation, proliferation and apoptosis in human in-stent restenosis. Tissue characteristics compared to primary atherosclerosis. 1552 35

The subjects of the study were 75 patients with instable angina (IA) and 16 patients with chronic coronary heart disease (CHD) following transcutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasty (TTBA). Their examination included the evaluation of the changes of some cell immunity parameters, such as the levels of interleukins IL-1, IL-6, and IL-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), and serum neopterin (NEOP), the measurement of C-reactive protein level, the detection of certain viral agents in blood (herpes simplex virus (HSV), cytomegalovirus, Chlamydia pneuoniae) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), The study revealed such signs of cell immunity disbalance as the pronounced activation of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNFalpha, and serum NEOP). Along with no changes of the activity of anti-inflammatory factors (IL-10), the research revealed the similar direction of immune shifts in IA patients and CHD patients who had no clinical signs of exacerbation and had undergone TTBA. Most patients displayed signs of persistent viral infection, which was HSV in the majority of cases.
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PMID:[The cell immunity parameters in patients with acute coronary syndrome]. 1661 3

Eotaxin (CCL11) is a potent chemoattractant for eosinophils and lymphocytes. Apart from its functions in the eosinophilic system, eotaxin has been shown to be overexpressed in atherosclerosis. We therefore sought to determine whether chronic infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae or other infectious agents is correlated with concentrations of eotaxin or C-reactive protein since this mechanism could explain the finding that chronic infection stimulates smooth muscle cell migration and plaque development. Patients undergoing percutaneous coronary angioplasty (PCI) for acute coronary syndrome or stable angina were included in the study. Blood was drawn before PCI, at 6 weeks, and 6 and 12 months after coronary intervention. Eotaxin and C-reactive protein were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Antibodies against Candida, C. pneumoniae, cytomegalovirus, Helicobacter pylori, and herpes simplex virus were measured by ELISA or immunofluorescence. Two hundred five consecutive patients undergoing PCI (stable angina, n = 136; acute coronary syndrome, n = 69) and 83 patients with normal coronary arteries were enrolled in the study. Eotaxin concentrations at inclusion were higher in patients with coronary artery disease than in control patients, p = .01, and comparable in patients with stable angina and those with acute coronary syndrome but did not correlate with C-reactive protein. Eotaxin concentrations at inclusion and during follow-up weakly correlated with concentrations of antibodies against C. pneumoniae, H. pylori, and herpes simplex virus but not with concentrations of antibodies against Candida or cytomegalovirus. Eotaxin concentrations and antibody titers against C. pneumoniae significantly increased following angioplasty and remained elevated thereafter. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that eotaxin concentrations are elevated independently from C-reactive protein in patients with coronary artery disease and correlate with antibodies against infectious agents known for chronic infection in humans.
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PMID:Association between eotaxin (CCL11), C-reactive protein, and antimicrobial antibodies in patients undergoing coronary angioplasty. 1716 68