Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0002895 (sickle cell disease)
 11,747 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In patients with sickle cell anemia, fetal hemoglobin (HbF) concentrations vary by 2 orders of magnitude. This variance may be a result of heterogeneity in gene regulatory elements; accordingly, we searched for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that might identify this variation. More than 180 SNPs were studied in 38 genes in 280 sickle cell anemia patients. The strongest association with HbF was found with SNPs near a QTL previously localized on chromosome 6q22.3-q23.2. Initially, two SNPs were identified in intergenic portions of this QTL and were associated with about a 20% difference in percent HbF. Subsequently, we genotyped 44 additional SNPs in the genomic region between 136.1 Mb and 137.5 Mb on chromosome 6q. Twelve SNPs, associated with a 20%-30% difference in HbF concentrations, were located in the introns of four genes, PDE7B, MAP7, MAP3K5 and PEX7. In K562 cells, the p38-MAPK pathway has been associated with the activation of gamma-globin gene expression by histone deacetylase inhibitors. Haplotypes C-T-T-T in MAP7 and T-C-C in PEX7 were significantly associated with increases in concentration of HbF, both showing strong dominance. Genetic elements abutting the 6q22.3-q23.2 QTL, may harbor trans-acting elements that help modulate baseline HbF level in sickle cell anemia.
 ...
PMID:Polymorphisms near a chromosome 6q QTL area are associated with modulation of fetal hemoglobin levels in sickle cell anemia. 1504 Apr 24

Hydroxyurea (HU) was approved to be used in the treatment of sickle cell disease (SCD) because of its anti-sickling potential. However, there is variability in HU response among SCD patients and this can be due to physiological, socioeconomic, environmental, metabolic and/or genetic factors. The present review focuses on the latter two. Three quantitative trait loci, HBG2, BCL11A and HMIP, have been suggested as important markers for HU response. Other genes (ASS1, KLF10, HAO2, MAP3K5, PDE7B, TOX, NOS1, NOS2A, FLT1, ARG1, ARG2, UGT1A1, OR51B5/6, SIN3A, SALL2, SAR1A, UTB, OCTN1, CYP2C9, AQP9, MPO, CYP2E1, and GSTT1) have also been considered. Studies implicate catalase, urease, horseradish peroxidase and enzymes of CYP450 family in HU metabolism. However, little is known about these enzymes. Therefore, further studies are needed to elucidate the metabolic pathway of HU, which will facilitate pharmacogenomic studies and help in identification of candidate genes for predicting HU response.
 ...
PMID:Hydroxyurea in the management of sickle cell disease: pharmacogenomics and enzymatic metabolism. 3020 97