Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002895 (sickle cell disease)
 11,747 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 2002, OPTN/UNOS altered kidney allocation rules to allow patients to be listed separately to receive kidneys from expanded criteria donors (ECD). Our aim was to quantify the short- and long-term impacts of 21 prognostic factors on recipients of ECD as well as recipients of living (LD) and deceased standard criteria (SCD) donors. A factor's impact depends on both the risk and diversity of its effects. Using OPTN/UNOS Registry data from 1996-2003, we have analyzed kidney-only, adult-recipient grafts for factor effects among 35,878 LD, 47,941 SCD and 10,399 ECD transplants. During an early risk period, all 94,218 recipients were followed through one year, and, in the late risk period, 85,270 recipients whose grafts survived beyond one year were followed for 5 years post-transplant. Impact was measured by determining a factor's percentage of assignable variation in one- and 5-year graft failure rates. Scores for 21 factors were estimated via generalized logistic models, which contained a random component for transplant center. The assignable variation associated with a given factor was computed as the factor score variance multiplied by the square of the corresponding regression coefficient. Impacts were heterogeneous with regard to posttransplant period and donor type. The top 5 factors influencing one-year graft survival rates were as follows: * For LD grafts - pretransplant dialysis time (14% of the variation in short-term outcomes), recipient age (13%), body mass (12%), PRA (10%) and induction therapy (10%). * For SCD grafts - donor age (24%), recipient age (12%), pretransplant dialysis time (12%), HLA-DR matching (6%) and pretransplant medical condition (6%). * For ECD grafts - donor age (18%), pre-transplant dialysis time (10%), recipient age (10%), pretransplant medical condition (10%) and recipient body mass (6%). Ranking long-term outcomes demonstrated the following top 5 influential factors: * For LD grafts - donor age (28% of the variation in long-term outcomes), recipient race (15%), age (15%), transplant year (13%) and recipient sex (11%). * For SCD grafts - donor age (35%), recipient race (23%), transplant year(15%), recipient sex (8%)and age (5%). * For ECD grafts - donor age (33%), recipient sex (20%), race (15%), transplant year (8%) and recipient's original disease (5%). Donor age was the dominant factor governing the survival rates among deceased donor kidney transplants. Advancing donor age was still the major risk factor for SCD transplant failure despite setting aside all donors 60 and up, and a large fraction of 50-59 year-old donors, from this group. Current ECD/SCD definitions warrant review and possible revision.
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PMID:Explainable variation in renal transplant outcomes: a comparison of standard and expanded criteria donors. 1670 59

The 10-year graft survival rates for first renal transplants performed during 1990-1994 and 1995-1999 and reported to the OPTN/UNOS Renal Transplant Registry increased from 57-58% for living donor transplants, from 42-46% for deceased donors aged 60 or under, and from 22-28% for donors over age 60 comparing the 2 intervals. These modest increases were accompanied by a 2% decline in 10-year patient survival for recipients of living and younger deceased donor grafts and a 1% improvement in patient survival for recipients of older donor kidneys. The 5-year graft and patient survival rates for transplants performed between 2000 and 2004 were 80% and 90% for living donor, 69% and 90% for standard criteria deceased donor and 55% and 82% for expanded criteria donor transplants, respectively. There was no significant improvement when compared to the 1995-1999 period for any of these groups and patient survival had declined by 1% among recipients of living or standard criteria deceased donors. recipients of living or standard criteria deceased donor kidneys had a 6-7% higher 5-year survival rate and longer graft half-lives than recipients of HLA mismatched kidneys. The number of local HLA-DR matched transplants (excluding zero-HLA-ABDR mismatched grafts) has been declining since 1998 and was affected by the activity of the local donation service area (presumably reflecting the size of the waiting list). There was a modest increase in the percentage of broadly sensitized recipients transplanted during 2002-2004 from 8-10% of standard deceased donor The median age for recipients of primary standard criteria deceased donor transplants increased from 43 during the period 1990-1994 to 51 during 2000-2004 and may explain the lack of improvement in long-term graft survival rates. When patients aged 19-35 were analyzed separately during the 3 periods, there was a 3-4% increase in actuarial or projected 10-year graft survival for recipients of living or younger deceased donor kidneys during each interval (p < 0.001). Changes to the kidney allocation algorithm that affect the role of HLA matching have not had a striking impact on the number or percentage of zero HLA-ABDR mismatched SCD transplants, which account for 16-17% of SCD transplants each year. The number and percentage of HLA-matched ECD transplants declined from 113 (12%) in 2001 to 63 (4%) in 2004. The 56% 5-year graft survival rate for recipients of HLA-matched ECD kidneys was not significantly better than that for HLA-mismatched grafts, whereas HLA-matched and from 2-4% of living donor kidney recipients that was temporally associated with improved technologies for detecting anti-HLA antibodies. The presence of panel reactive antibodies had almost no effect on 5-year graft survival among retransplanted patients. The number of transplants between spouses leveled off in 2001 at about 700 transplants each year. The number of non-spouse unrelated living donor transplants has increased 10-fold over the past 10 years to 1,341 in 2004 and does not appear to be slowing.
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PMID:The OPTN/UNOS Renal Transplant Registry. 1742 21