Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002895 (sickle cell disease)
 11,747 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Molecular determinants and mechanisms involved in ovarian follicular growth, ovulation, and luteinization are not well understood. The objective of this study was to identify genes expressed in bovine granulosa cells (GC) of dominant follicles (DF) and downregulated after hCG-induced ovulation, using the suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH). GC were collected from DF at Day 5 of the estrous cycle and from ovulatory follicles (OF) obtained 23 h following injection of hCG. A subtracted cDNA library (DF-OF) was generated and screened using unsubtracted (DF, OF) and subtracted (DF-OF, OF-DF) cDNAs as complex (32)P-probes. A total of 32 nonredundant cDNAs were identified: 23 cDNAs matched with sequences of known biological function and 9 cDNAs with complete or partial sequences of undefined biological function. Detection of genes known to be downregulated during the periovulatory period in the bovine species, such as CPD, CYP11A1, CYP19A1, FSHR, LRP8/ ApoER2, and SERPINE2, validated the physiological model and analytical techniques used. For a subset of genes, such as ARFGAP3, CYP11A1, CYP19A1, FSHR, FST, GJA1, IDH3, INHBA, LHCGR, LHCGR lacking exon 10, PRC1, PRG1, RPA2, SCD, and TRIB2, gene expression profiles were compared by virtual Northern blot or reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction from follicles obtained at different developmental stages. Results confirmed a downregulation of the respective mRNAs in GC of OF compared with that of DF. We conclude that we have identified novel genes that are downregulated by hCG in bovine GC of DF during the periovulatory period, which may contribute to follicular growth, ovulation, and/or luteinization.
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PMID:Identification of downregulated messenger RNAs in bovine granulosa cells of dominant follicles following stimulation with human chorionic gonadotropin. 1582 23

Despite the significant role of the lipid reserve in cell structure and function, very few studies have provided detailed descriptions of unsaturated fatty acid synthesis in the ovary. In the present study, we have shown by RT-PCR, Northern blot, and Western blot analyses the mRNA and protein expression of SCD2 (stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase 2; also named delta 9 desaturase) in rat ovary. We also have localized Scd2 mRNA by in situ hybridization, mainly in granulosa cells of antral follicles, cumulus oophorus, and corpus luteum. Interestingly, either no or very weak SCD2 expression was observed in primordial follicles and oocytes. After eCG injection for 24 h in immature rats (age, 22 days), the level of SCD2 expression and SCD activity in ovary was increased by approximately fourfold (P < 0.05), and the response was further increased 48 h after hCG treatment. As expected, eCG/hCG treatment increased expression of the steroidogenesis enzymes (CYP11A1 and HSD3B) and STAR. We also found a decrease in the SCD2 expression and SCD activity in the corpus luteum at Days 10 and 15 compared to Day 3 of gestation, paralleled by a decrease in the expression of the steroidogenesis enzymes and STAR. To investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of SCD2 expression in ovary, we performed primary culture of rat granulosa cells. We observed that both insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) (7.5 x 10(-8)g/ml) and FSH (350 x 10(-8)g/ml) increased SCD2 expression and SCD activity by approximately threefold. Using specific inhibitors, we demonstrated that the MAPK3/MAP1 and PIK3R1/AKT pathways are involved in the IGF1- and FSH-induced SCD2 expression, respectively. The SCD2 is expressed and active in rat ovary, and it may be involved in the regulation of follicular growth and/or the oocyte maturation.
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PMID:Expression and regulation of the SCD2 desaturase in the rat ovary. 1620 39