Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002878 (hemolytic anemia)
 7,530 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Severe anemia was found in a 4-month-old heifer, which was admitted with a 1-day history of anorexia, signs of depression, and recumbency. A diagnosis of immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IHA) was made on the basis of a Coomb's titer of 1:128 and decreased resistance to osmotic stress, as determined by an RBC fragility test. Anaplasmosis and leptospirosis were ruled out as possible causes of the IHA. Other causes of hemolytic anemia, including intoxication by copper, water, Brassica spp, or drugs were ruled out. Therefore the IHA was considered idiopathic. Treatment consisted of supportive therapy, oxytetracycline, and dexamethasone. After 60 days of treatment, CBC, Coomb's test result, and RBC fragility were within normal limits.
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PMID:Idiopathic immune-mediated hemolytic anemia in a calf. 164 56

Babesia gibsoni caused severe hemolytic anemia in 11 dogs from southern California. The most common clinical signs of B gibsoni infection were lethargy, anorexia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Acute infection with B gibsoni may be misdiagnosed as autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Diagnosis was most reliably determined by identification of the intraerythrocytic parasites on Giemsa-stained blood smears. The pathogenicity of B gibsoni, difficulties in diagnosis, the parasite's resistance to treatment with available drugs, and frequent interstate movement of dogs indicate that this disease may be a serious threat to dogs throughout the United States.
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PMID:Hemolytic anemia caused by Babesia gibsoni infection in dogs. 178 20

Zinc poisoning in small animals has been described in dogs, cats, birds, and ferrets, but the dog appears to be the species most often affected. Ingestion of zinc-containing metallic objects, including pennies, and zinc oxide ointments has been associated with the majority of the toxicoses. Clinical signs include anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea, hemolytic anemia, kidney dysfunction, and possible liver and pancreatic abnormalities. Treatments that have proven efficacious include fluid diuresis, blood transfusions as needed, general supportive care, and removal of the source of zinc. Further evaluation of the benefit of chelation therapy is urgently needed.
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PMID:Toxicology of selected pesticides, drugs, and chemicals. Zinc. 218 Jan 95

Although restricted transhepatic portal flow is necessary for development of generalized portal hypertension (GPH), increased splanchnic arterial inflow also contributes to GPH and its clinical sequelae. In this context, we describe 7 male and 6 female patients (mean age 48 years) in whom the lesser splanchnic (gastrosplenic) system played a key role in the signs and symptoms of GPH. These 13 patients (9 with hepatic cirrhosis, 3 with primary myeloproliferative disorder, and 1 with extrahepatic portal block) shared common features of massive splenomegaly, huge splenofundic gastric varices, often with a prominent natural shunt to the left renal vein. Total or near total splenectomy alone or combined where appropriate with coronary vein ligation was effective in controlling varix hemorrhage (10 patients), ascites (3), or complications of an enlarged spleen-anorexia and abdominal pain (3), hemolytic anemia (1) and profound thrombocytopenia with severe epistaxis (1). Intraoperative jejunal portal venography was crucial in operative management in order to establish definitively the presence or absence of coronary venous collaterals, and when present, to verify their operative ligation. These distinctive patients illustrate: 1) GPH is a heterogeneous syndrome of divergent splanchnic circulatory patterns, a feature which should be taken into account in selecting operative treatment; 2) one well-defined subgroup displays prominent hyperdynamic lesser splanchnic and specifically, splenic blood flow as a major contributor to clinical complications; and 3) within this subgroup, splenectomy combined with documented absence or surgical interruption of coronary venous collaterals as corroborated by intraoperative portography is effective alternative treatment.
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PMID:Preeminence of lesser splanchnic blood flow in selected patients with generalized portal hypertension. 227 22

A 4-month-old Pomeranian pup was examined because of anorexia, salivation, and persistent vomiting. Initial laboratory testing revealed marked hemolytic anemia with spherocytosis. Survey abdominal radiography revealed 4 metal objects which, when removed by gastrotomy, were identified as pennies. Of 4 pennies, 3 were minted since 1983 and were heavily pitted over the surface and rim. Partially digested pennies were composed of a copper-plated high zinc concentration alloy. Further laboratory testing indicated a marked increase in serum zinc concentration in the pup (28.8 mg/L), confirming metal toxicosis. Serum zinc concentrations decreased during recovery.
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PMID:Zinc-induced hemolytic anemia caused by ingestion of pennies by a pup. 275 99

Cats receiving propylthiouracil (PTU) develop antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and an immune-mediated disease syndrome characterized by anorexia, lymphadenopathy, weight loss, and Coombs-positive hemolytic anemia. Investigation of the ANA specificity indicated that the predominant ANA activity consistent of anti-native DNA (nDNA) antibodies. The formation of anti-nDNA antibodies and immune-mediated disease syndrome appeared to be dose-dependent, even in cats in which a response had been induced on 4 prior occasions. These results supply further evidence that PTU-induced autoimmunity is not the result of a simple drug allergy. Rather, it appears that PTU induces a lupus-like syndrome, including the hallmark sign of systemic lupus erythematosus, anti-nDNA antibodies.
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PMID:Dose-dependent induction of anti-native DNA antibodies in cats by propylthiouracil. 325 86

Mitomycin was approved for marketing by the Food and Drug Administration in 1974 for use in gastric and pancreatic carcinomas when combined with other chemotherapeutic agents. Since then, mitomycin has been used extensively in combination chemotherapy for a variety of tumors, particularly in the past seven years. However, the contribution of this agent to the various drug regimens has not been adequately defined. Clear evidence of the drug's activity as a single agent has been seen in the intravesical treatment of superficial bladder carcinoma. Common toxicities include anorexia, vomiting, and myelosuppression. Less common, but potentially lethal, toxicities in the form of fibrosing alveolitis and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia with renal failure are being reported with increasing frequency. These potentially severe adverse effects, coupled with the still undefined role of mitomycin in systemic cancer chemotherapy, suggest that selection of this drug for other than investigational use should be made with care.
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PMID:Mitomycin: ten years after approval for marketing. 388 63

One splenectomized and 6 intact coyotes (Canis latrans), and 2 coydogs were experimentally inoculated with a recent isolate of Babesia gibsoni. The disease was mild in intact animals, was fatal in the splenectomized coyote, and was characterized by a regenerative hemolytic anemia with the PCV decreasing to 16% in intact animals and to 6% in the splenectomized coyote. Peak parasitemia ranged from 3% to 21% of erythrocytes infected and was inversely correlated to PCV. Serum lactate dehydrogenase, bilirubin, and globulin concentrations were increased in all infected animals. Three weeks after inoculation, specific antibody titers increased to 1:65,536 and remained elevated in the chronically infected animals. The splenectomized coyote had progressive weakness until death, 24 days after inoculation. Intact animals had splenomegaly and anorexia at the height of infection. The splenectomized coyote had generalized edema, omental petechiae, renal and hepatic degeneration, membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis and congestion, extramedullary hematopoiesis, lymphoid hyperplasia, and severe hemosiderosis in an accessory spleen. The only consistent change in the intact animals was splenomegaly.
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PMID:Experimental babesiosis in coyotes and coydogs. 397 Apr 35

Species differences in anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry lead to many dissimilarities between the canine and feline liver. Major differences exist in the interpretation of liver function tests, the significance of biochemical jaundice, the consequences of anorexia, and the efficiency of hepatic metabolic systems. Biochemical alterations in total bilirubin, ALT, and SAP may indicate the presence of disease in the feline liver. It is, however, impossible to make accurate diagnoses without liver biopsy. A liver biopsy can provide a diagnosis and prognosis and can guide the therapeutic plan. The feline hepatic diseases most frequently seen in our hospital are hepatic lipidosis, cholangiohepatitis complex, toxic hepatopathy, and hepatic neoplasia. Less common diseases of the feline liver include extrahepatic biliary obstruction, portacaval vascular anomalies, hepatic parasites, hepatic cysts, and diaphragmatic hernia. Systemic diseases that can effect the liver of cats are feline infectious peritonitis, multicentric lymphosarcoma, myeloproliferative diseases, hemolytic anemia, infectious panleukopenia, and systemic fungal infections.
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PMID:Feline hepatic disease. 639 53

Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy is a rare clinical entity, first described in 1974, characterized by asthenia, anorexia, fever, sweating, generalized lymph node enlargement, hepatosplenomegaly, rash, hypergammaglobulinemia, and often Coomb's positive hemolytic anemia. Main histopathologic findings are lymphoplasmocytic and immunoblastic proliferations, increased vascular neshwork and interstitial granular PAS positive material deposits. A lymph node excised from a woman with angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy was examined under electron microscopy. Results of ultrastructural study are compared to the typical histologic pattern observed under light microscopy. Analysis of the cellularity and the significance of fibrous collagen found in the interstitial PAS positive material are commented on.
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PMID:[Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy. Case report with ultrastructural study (author's transl)]. 741 34


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