Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002878 (hemolytic anemia)
 7,530 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A patient with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), a 28-year-old group A, Rh-positive woman, also had hemolytic anemia. At that time, her red cells typed as group A, but the serum typed as group O. This typing followed intravenous high-dose immune globulin therapy, (400 mg/kg for 5 successive days) and was attributable to A antibody of the IgG type, composed of IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4, in the immune globulin preparation, which had been given for treatment of ITP. All lots of commercial human plasma preparation products (heat-treated human plasma protein, albumin, factor VIII or IX products, and immune globulin) examined were found to contain A and/or B antibodies of the IgM or IgG type, with titers of 1 to 1024. Twelve of the 20 lots of immune globulin contained RBC antibodies of the IgG type. Subclass IgG1 was found in all 12 of these lots, and all four subclasses, including IgG3, were detected in 8 lots. All 8 showed antibody titers higher than 64.
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PMID:Hemolysis after intravenous immune globulin therapy: relation to IgG subclasses of red cell antibody. 236 Feb 36

The effect of high-dose intravenous gammaglobulin (IVG) therapy with a CLB preparation was studied in 42 patients: 8 patients had acute and 26 patients had chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP); 5 patients had thrombocytopenia accompanied by various diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, auto-immune haemolytic anaemia and neutropenia; 3 patients had hypoplastic anaemia and 1 patient had neutropenia and rheumatoid arthritis. After treatment, a rise in platelet count occurred in about 75% of the patients with ITP, although there was no sustained response in any of the patients. There was no correlation between the strength of platelet antibodies as detected by the direct immunofluorescence test before infusion and the pattern of response to the infusion. In most cases of ITP, no immune complexes, as measured by Clq-binding assay, were observed. Furthermore, we found no relationship between the amount of Clq-binding activity of patients' sera and the reaction pattern after infusion of IVG. Splenectomy of the patient had no influence on the outcome of IVG therapy.
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PMID:Intravenous gammaglobulin therapy in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Results with the Netherlands Red Cross immunoglobulin preparation. 241 49

Two adult patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) were treated with high-dose intact immunoglobulin (high-dose IgG). Haptoglobin levels in both cases declined significantly during high-dose IgG, following the increase in platelet counts to normal level. In one of them apparent hemolytic anemia was observed. The findings strongly support the hypothesis that the effect of high-dose intact IgG treatment on ITP patients is due to sequestration of IgG-coated autologous red blood cells by the reticuloendothelial system and the saturation of the macrophages by red blood cells.
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PMID:Hemolysis due to high-dose intravenous gammaglobulin treatment for patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. 243 82

A prospective study of IgG and IgM isotypes of anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) was performed in a series of 167 patients with various autoimmune diseases, including rheumatic and nonrheumatic disorders, and in a group of 100 healthy blood donors. The IgG aCL serum was regarded as positive if a binding index (BI) greater than 2.85 (3.77 SD) was detected and a BI greater than 4.07 (3.90 SD) was defined as positive for IgM aCL. Forty patients (24%) were found to be positive for IgG and/or IgM aCL. IgG aCL were detected in 23% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), in 9% with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, in 7% with progressive systemic sclerosis, and in 6% with dermatomyositis-polymyositis. IgM aCL were present in 43% patients with primary biliary cirrhosis, in 33% with rheumatoid arthritis, in 22% with SLE, and in 8% with giant-cell arteritis. IgG aCL were found to have a significant association with thrombosis and thrombocytopenia, and IgM and aCL with haemolytic anaemia and neutropenia, in SLE but not in the other autoimmune diseases. The identification of these differences in the aCL isotype associations, depending on the autoimmune disorder, may improve the clinical usefulness of these tests.
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PMID:Anticardiolipin antibodies in patients with autoimmune diseases: isotype distribution and clinical associations. 261 16

The IgG and IgA antibody subclass responses to pneumococcal polysaccharide antigens type 6A and 19F were studied after immunization with a 14-valent vaccine (Pneumovax, MSD), in 53 splenectomized patients (11 Hodgkin's disease, 13 nonHodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), 9 immune haemolytic anaemia or idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura and 20 posttraumatic splenectomized patients) and 18 non-splenectomized controls. The antibodies were mainly restricted to the IgG2 and IgA2 subclasses. NHL patients had lower pre-vaccination values to the studied antigens and lower antibody response to vaccination than the other patient groups in which the antibody responses did not differ from those of controls. 1 vaccinated NHL patient experienced two episodes of pneumococcal septicaemia, both occurring after chemotherapy which abolished the previously normal IgG2 antibody levels to the pneumococcal antigens. It is concluded that the antibody response to 6A and 19F antigens after pneumococcal vaccination is not reduced in splenectomized patients but is impaired in immunodeficiency states associated with B-cell lymphoma and treatment with cytostatic drugs.
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PMID:Type-specific anti-pneumococcal antibody subclass response to vaccination after splenectomy with special reference to lymphoma patients. 261 13

Splenectomy has a major role in the treatment of hematologic diseases. Although it is rarely curative, splenectomy removes the site of the destruction or sequestration of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets. Destruction occurs in such diseases as hemolytic anemia and ITP, whereas sequestration occurs as an idiopathic disease or secondary to a host of other diseases described above. Splenectomy is also indicated for symptomatic splenomegaly associated with leukemia, lymphoma, or myeloproliferative disorders. It is palliative, increasing the comfort of the patient by removing a massive spleen. Splenectomy also serves as a staging tool in lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, and NHL, although it is much more beneficial in Hodgkin's disease, owing simply to stage at presentation. Splenectomy can be performed safely with minimal risk in most patients, but certain diseases carry increased risks of fatality and complications. Such diseases include leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloproliferative disorders, but even in these, splenectomy may be indicated in a select group of patients. The decision to perform splenectomy should therefore be made individually in these cases. Because it can be palliative in some cases, splenectomy can play a role in patient management, even though it may not alter survival.
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PMID:Splenectomy for hematologic disease. 264 43

Anti-A and anti-B antibodies (1: 1-1: 1, 024) of IgM or IgG type of the titers 1: 1-1: 1, 024 were detected in all of the lots of heat-treated human plasma protein (38 Lots), albumin (15 Lots), factor VIII or IX products (9 Lots) and immune globulin preparations for intravenous use (IVIG) (20 Lots) examined. Twelve out of 20 lots of IVIG contained unexpected anti-erythrocyte antibodies of IgG type. Though IgG1 antibody was detected in all of these 12 lots, antibodies composed of all subclasses including IgG3 could be detected in only 8 lots of them, all showing the anti-erythrocyte antibody titer of IgG type over 1:64. Conversely, none of the lots, in which the titer was less than 1:32, contained IgG3 antibodies. A patient of chronic ITP, 28-year-old female of blood type A and Rh-positive, showed contradictive results between the main (A type) and the accessory test (O type) of red blood cell grouping, accompanied with hemolytic anemia, following intravenous high-dose immune globulin therapy (400 mg/kg x successive 5 days), which was attributable to the anti-A antibody of IgG type composed of IgG1,2,3,4 in the IVIG administered. For high dosage administration of human plasma preparation products, those containing only low titer of unexpected anti-erythrocyte antibody should be selected.
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PMID:[Studies of IgG subclasses of anti-erythrocyte antibodies contained in human plasma preparation products]. 276 55

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and Coombs' positive hemolytic anemia (AIHA) were found, respectively, in 5 (1%) and 1 (0.2%) of 492 patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD). 33 cases of ITP associated with HD reported in the literature are reviewed. Of our cases, ITP was coincident with the diagnosis of HD in 1 patient. In another patient ITP preceded the diagnosis of HD by 41 months and in the remaining 3 patients the diagnosis of ITP was established after they had been successfully treated for HD. A herpes zoster infection preceded ITP by 1 month in 1 patient and another had herpes zoster at the time of diagnosis of ITP. AIHA had preceded the diagnosis of HD by 8 months in 1 case. In patients with ITP the prognosis seems to be related only to the status of the underlying HD.
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PMID:Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and autoimmune hemolytic anemia in Hodgkin's disease. 337 97

A patient presented with haemolytic anaemia and a negative direct antiglobulin test (DAT), and was found to have an IgG antibody with anti-Jka specificity in his serum. His red cells were typed as Jk(a-b+). Later he developed idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), and had a positive DAT due to anti-Jka bound to his red cells, which now typed as Jk(a+b+). Family studies suggested that the patient's true type was Jk(a+b+). Splenectomy and immunosuppression were required to treat the thrombocytopenia. The autoanti-Jka was no longer detectable following therapy.
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PMID:Auto-anti-Jka in Evans' syndrome with negative direct antiglobulin test. 340 90

The immunohistochemistry of the cell population of the human spleen was studied. As controls, a strictly defined group of five specimens were used. This study stresses the need for the utmost care in this selection procedure. Using enzyme- and immuno-histochemistry the lymphocyte subpopulations were studied as to their localization in the several specific compartments in the red and white pulp. The findings were compared to those in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, autoimmune haemolytic anaemia and Hodgkin's disease. In the controls a consistent pattern was found. There were specific changes in each of the disease groups consisting mainly of shifts between the compartments.
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PMID:Immunohistology of the human spleen: an inventory of the localization of lymphocyte subpopulations. 351 40


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