Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002874 (aplastic anemia)
 5,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Forty one cases of drug-induced blood dyscrasia were seen in the last 10 years in six main hospitals in Okinawa. There were 16 males and 25 females. The average age was 53 year-old. The anticonvulsants were the most common causative drugs (12 cases), followed by the antithyroid drugs (6 cases) and Co-trimoxazole (4 cases). The granulocytopenia was the most common type of blood dyscrasia, comprising 51.0% of all cases. Phenytoin was the most common anticonvulsant (8 cases) and 6 cases received it as a prophylaxis following craniotomy. Three cases of antithyroid drug-induced granulocytopenia developed this complication after readministration of the antithyroid drugs. The intervals between the administration of causative drugs and the onset of blood dyscrasia were less than 3 months, except for alpha-methyldopa, gold, and chlorpromazine. Although 30 cases (73.0%) showed complete recovery, there were 3 fatalities (3.0%) which included bicytopenia due to sodium valproate, aplastic anemia due to Co-trimoxazole, and pure red cell aplasia due to aspirin. It is suggested from this study that drug-induced blood dyscrasia is not uncommon in Okinawa.
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PMID:[Drug-induced blood dyscrasia in Okinawa]. 171 25

The case survey of drug-induced hematologic disorders in Shikoku District (Ehime Prefecture) disclosed 21 patients. Cases were 12 rheumatoid arthritis patients, 2 brain tumor, one epilepsy, 2 liver cirrhosis, one neuralgia, one arthralgia, one hyperthyroidism, and one IBL-like T-lymphoma. Causative drugs for aplastic anemia were Metalcaptase, Shiosol, Voltaren and Emeside. Drug-induced aplastic anemia was so severe that 4 out of 5 patients had died of bone marrow dysfunction. Neutropenia was caused by drugs as Rimatil, Cefobit, Sepatren, Mercazole, Sulpyrin, Aleviatin, Cefamedin and Metalcaptase. The real causes of these drug-induced hematologic disorders have not been clear. Remarkably high incidence among rheumatoid arthritis patients is suggestive several reasons as unique reactivity associated with HLA, suppression on hematologic stem cells by abnormal metabolites, and immunologic dysfunction commonly seen in collagen diseases. Further studies of more accurate incidence of drug-induced hematologic disorders are needed in investigating real causes of unhappy side-effects.
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PMID:[Drug-induced hematologic disorders in Shikoku district]. 192 Aug 31

2-Chlorodeoxyadenosine (cladribine, Leustatin) is being used extensively in the treatment of hematologic malignancies, but relatively little is known regarding its toxicity to the normal marrow. Long-term serial hematologic observations have been made on 29 patients with multiple sclerosis undergoing experimental therapy with monthly courses of cladribine, each of which consisted of 0.087-0.1 mg/kg per day for 7 days. The characteristic hematologic responses of the patients consisted of acute transient monocytopenia, prolonged, profound lymphopenia especially of CD4-positive cells, and modest lowering of the granulocyte count and hemoglobin with development of long-lasting macrocytosis. Two patients developed severe aplastic anemia, requiring transfusion both of red cells and platelets. One of these had previously received extensive therapy with chlorambucil, while the other had received carbamazepine (Tegretol) and was ingesting phenytoin (Dilantin) at the time of cladribine therapy. Both patients recovered after several months of marrow suppression.
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PMID:Marrow suppression produced by repeated doses of cladribine. 817 30