Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0002874 (aplastic anemia)
 5,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Erythropoietin is a hormone produced by the kidneys and by certain extrarenal tissues and released into the circulation in response to tissue hypoxia. Its study has provided new information about oxygen transport and bone marrow stem cell function and its determination in plasma can give valuable diagnostic clues as to the etiology and pathogenesis of anemias and polycythemias. The various methods used for such measurements are discussed, and it is recommended that the in vivo bioassay in polycythemic mice be utilized until a workable radioimmune assay has been perfected. The results with the use of this in vivo bioassay to measure plasma erythropoietin in patients with uncomplicated anemia, aplastic anemia, anemia of renal disease, anemia of chronic inflammatory or neoplastic disorder polycythemia vera, and secondary polycythemia are charted and their diagnostic significance discussed.
 ...
PMID:Plasma erythropoietin in health and disease. 739 90

In the last decade a large increase of our basic understanding concerning erythropoietin and the regulation of erythropoiesis has led to improved methods for the cell culture of human bone marrow cells. These culture methods in turn have been applied to bone marrow failures with a remarkable increase in our knowledge of the pathogenesis of some of these conditions, particularly the aplasias. The pathogenesis of pure red cell aplasia has been elucidated, and 60% of these patients have been shown to respond to cytotoxic, immunosuppressive treatment. Bone marrow transplantation has proved to be very helpful in the treatment of aplastic anemia and has provided impetus for increased knowledge concerning the pathogenesis of the aplasia. Some of these patients may have suppression of marrow hematopoiesis by the marrow T-cells and can be successfully treated with antilymphocyte globulin or high-dose prednisolone. The future looks bright for further clinical advances concerning the bone marrow failures, but more must be learned about the pathogenesis of these anemias if improved methods of treatment are to be developed.
 ...
PMID:Anemia due to bone marrow failure: diagnosis and treatment. 747 74

The plasma erythropoietin (Epo) concentration was measured by radioimmunoassay in 75 patients with acquired aplastic anaemia. Overall there was an inverse relationship between the concentration of plasma Epo and the degree of anaemia. Plasma Epo concentrations were lower in patients who were sampled soon after diagnosis as opposed to those studied at later times. Although a decrease in the plasma Epo concentration was noted in all erythroid responders following immunosuppressive (IS) therapy or bone marrow transplantation (BMT), it was lower in patients undergoing BMT than in those receiving IS therapy for any given degree of anaemia.
 ...
PMID:Circulating erythropoietin in patients with acquired aplastic anaemia. 750 26

Aplastic anaemia is characterized by multilineage bone marrow failure resulting in pancytopenia. We have successfully treated a young woman with severe aplastic anaemia (SAA) who was resistant to antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) and corticosteroids, with a combination therapy consisting of erythropoietin, cyclosporin A and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF). The patient received erythropoietin and CSA for a period of 10 months without success before G-CSF treatment was started. After 6 weeks of G-CSF therapy she responded with a sustained trilineage recovery. This suggests that immunosuppression together with haemopoietic growth factors may be an effective treatment in patients with SAA who are ALG resistant and cannot be treated by BMT.
 ...
PMID:Sustained trilineage response in a patient with ALG-resistant severe aplastic anaemia after treatment with G-CSF, erythropoietin and cyclosporin A: association of recovery with marked elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase. 751 Sep 93

A 6-year-old girl with post-hepatitic severe aplastic anaemia was referred to our hospital. Haematological examination showed a haemoglobin level of 5.2 g/dl, platelet count of 8,000/microliters, and white blood cell count of 130/microliters with 17% neutrophils. She was treated with recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (15 micrograms/kg/day i.v.) and cyclosporin A (6 mg/kg/day p.o.). The absolute neutrophil count gradually increased, but Hb and platelets were not improved. The intravenous administration of recombinant human erythropoietin (100 U/kg three times a week) was started, and the reticulocyte count reached 20,000/microliters on day 12. The platelets increased to 81,000/microliters after 16 months of combined administration of recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, recombinant human erythropoietin and cyclosporin A. After 20 months of combined administration, the haematological results were: Hb, 13.1 g/dl; platelets 80,000/microliters; WBC, 9500/microliters with 40% neutrophils. After recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor treatment, the myeloid elements of the bone marrow and the number of granulocyte-macrophage colony forming units increased. Bone marrow erythropoiesis and erythroid colonies also increased after recombinant human erythropoietin administration. The clinical course suggested a beneficial effect of haemopoietic growth factors and cyclosporin A in post-hepatitic aplastic anaemia.
 ...
PMID:Haematological improvement by long-term administration of recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor and recombinant human erythropoietin in a patient with severe aplastic anaemia. 751 92

We examined the combined effects of stem cell factor (SCF), or interleukin-3 (IL-3) with erythropoietin on the development of haemopoietic progenitors in 19 patients with aplastic anaemia (AA) and eight normal controls by using an in vitro clonal assay. SCF significantly enhanced the growth of total erythroid colonies (erythroid bursts, mixed colonies) in 11 patients and all normal controls, whereas IL-3 did so in only three patients. The number of SCF- or IL-3-dependent erythroid colonies was substantially lower in AA patients than in the controls. Comparison of the capacity of SCF and IL-3 to increase total erythroid colony growth indicated that half of the AA patients responded more strongly to SCF than the normal controls, while few patients responded in such a manner to IL-3. These findings suggest that SCF in vivo will have a more dramatic effect than IL-3 in improving anaemia in patients with AA.
 ...
PMID:Stem cell factor enhances the growth of primitive erythroid progenitors to a greater extent than interleukin-3 in patients with aplastic anaemia. 752 18

Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) and erythropoietin (rhEPO) were used to treat patients with aplastic anemia (AA). In terms of effects on erythrocyte recovery, the combined use of rhG-CSF and rhEPO showed a favorable response in 6 of 14 (42.9%) patients with moderate AA following 10 weeks treatment and in 3 of 14 (21.4%) patients thereafter. However, the response was poor in patients with severe AA (3/13). A favorable response in severe AA was observed in 1 of 13 (7.7%) patients following 10 weeks treatment and in 2 of 13 (15.4%) patients thereafter. The overall effect on erythrocytes was observed in 44.4% patients. A dose of 400 micrograms/m2 G-CSF was sufficient to cause an increase in neutrophil count and 100 IU/kg rhEPO appeared to be sufficient to cause an increase in erythrocyte count. In 6 of 27 (22.2%) patients, a trilineage response was observed. Interestingly, a delayed and long-lasting effect was obtained in 5 of 27 (18.5%) patients. These results suggest that rhG-CSF can synergize with rhEPO in erythrocyte response, especially in patients with moderate AA.
 ...
PMID:Combination therapy with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and erythropoietin in aplastic anemia. 753 Apr 5

Ten patients with aplastic anemia (AA) and seven patients with refractory anemia (RA) were treated with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) and erythropoietin (rhEpo) in combination. rhG-CSF (5-20 micrograms/kg) and rhEpo (120-720 U/kg) were administered by s.c. injection three times a week for at least six months, and the administration was continued as maintenance therapy for as long as possible when hematological responses were observed. Six (60%) of the ten AA patients and four (58%) of the seven RA patients showed multilineage responses. Of these responders, six patients achieved trilineage recovery. While all of the responders were dependent on red blood cell transfusions and eight of them required platelet transfusions before treatment, they now no longer need transfusions of either red blood cells or platelets. A median treatment duration of 9 (range 1 to 28) months was required to achieve multilineage recovery. The responders showed an ability to maintain the multilineage recovery for 9+ to 47+ months and to tolerate long-term treatment. These results indicate that the long-term treatment with rhG-CSF and rhEpo may benefit a substantial percentage of patients with AA and RA and provide an optional therapy for these patients.
 ...
PMID:Trilineage recovery by combination therapy with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and erythropoietin in patients with aplastic anemia and refractory anemia. 753 79

The author presents an account of contemporary and perspective indications of the therapeutic use of recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO). He discusses the role of endogenous erythropoietin in the pathogenesis of hypoproliferative anaemias (due to its shortage or inadequate effect) and classification of these conditions as a starting point of expedient therapeutic use of r-HuEPO in clinical practice. More detailed attention is paid in particular to the problem of treatment of anaemia in patients with chronic renal failure, anaemia in chronic inflammatory and malignant diseases, in myelodysplastic syndrome and aplastic anaemia. The author mentions also the use of r-HuEPO in preoperative preparation, in the programme of autotransfusions and its perspective use in transfusiology.
 ...
PMID:[Therapeutic use of recombinant human erythropoietin in clinical practice]. 776 84

Serum erythropoietin (EPO) and soluble transferrin receptor levels were serially measured in 74 patients with aplastic anaemia (AA). As control groups we investigated healthy controls (n = 24) and patients with iron-deficiency (n = 23) or haemolytic anaemia (n = 16). There was a significant negative correlation of log EPO on haematocrit both in AA patients and in the anaemic control group. However, for the same degree of anaemia, log EPO levels in AA were significantly higher than in iron-deficiency or haemolytic anaemia. EPO levels at diagnosis did not correlate with severity of aplastic anaemia, nor did they predict outcome after immunosuppression. During immunosuppressive treatment of AA with anti-thymocyte globulin and cyclosporine A, EPO levels were significantly lower compared with pre-treatment values without a corresponding change in haematocrit. This impaired EPO response to anaemia during immunosuppression might affect recovery of erythropoiesis. In AA patients, EPO levels declined with haemopoietic recovery. However, compared with normal controls, EPO levels in remission patients were still higher with respect to their haematocrit. Results of this study argue against the model of a simple feedback regulation of EPO via hypoxic anaemia. Our data support the hypothesis that cytokines and the erythropoietic progenitor pool are involved in the regulation of EPO production. The results illustrate that serial measurements of EPO along with therapeutic interventions are necessary to identify patients who might benefit from treatment with exogenous recombinant human EPO.
 ...
PMID:Serum erythropoietin and serum transferrin receptor levels in aplastic anaemia. 780 72


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>