Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002874 (aplastic anemia)
 5,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

During a period of 32 months (August 1986 until April 1989) 108 patients (74 women, 34 men; mean age 53 years) with neoplastic diseases (59 patients with solid tumors, 45 patients with lymphomas, two patients with acute leukaemias, one patient with chronic myelogenous leukaemia, one patient with aplastic anaemia) were studied in the Department of Internal Medicine of the University Erlangen-Nuremberg. Most were treated with a cytostatic chemotherapy. In order to prevent a mycotic infection in these immunocompromised patients, itraconazole, a new broad-spectrum antimycotic drug of the azole group, was given in an oral dosage of 100 mg day-1 (mean duration of prophylactic treatment 24 months). Localized Candida infections involving the oropharynx and the female genital organs were diagnosed in 16 patients (14.8%). Candida endophthalmitis occurred in one patient (0.9%). The serum concentration of Candida antibodies was significantly elevated in one patient (0.9%) without evidence of fungemia. Itraconazole had to be discontinued in four cases (3.7%) due to minor side effects of the drug (nausea, stomach complaints). Itraconazole appears to be a safe and effective antimycotic drug in long-term use in neutropenic patients.
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PMID:Prophylaxis of fungal infections with itraconazole in immunocompromised cancer patients. 217 92

Invasive aspergillosis is generally a life-threatening invasive opportunistic mycosis affecting principally the upper and lower respiratory tract. Therapeutic response rates vary considerably from one host group to another with particularly high mortality rates in bone marrow transplant, liver transplant and patients with aplastic anaemia or AIDS. Only two drugs are useful for therapy, amphotericin and itraconazole. Recent advances in the formulation of amphoterin B (AmBisome and Amphocil) have resulted in intravenous preparations with lower toxicity, particularly nephrotoxicity, but it has yet to be shown that they have an increased therapeutic index for the treatment of invasive aspergillosis. Itraconazole can only be used orally and in some particularly high-risk or critically ill patients adequate serum concentrations cannot be achieved. The addition of flucytosine or rifampicin to amphotericin B therapy has, at best, only a marginal benefit. Surgery is essential for some manifestations of invasive aspergillosis. This article reviews therapeutic strategies including criteria for initiation of therapy, combination and sequential therapy, duration of therapy and secondary prophylaxis and indications for surgery in invasive aspergillosis.
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PMID:Treatment of invasive aspergillosis. 807 88