Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002874 (aplastic anemia)
 5,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 65-year-old female with severe aplastic anemia induced by gold salt, whose hematopoietic recovery was initiated by rhGM-CSF therapy, was reported. The patient has been given a total of 500 mg of gold-sodium thiomalate for treatment of her rheumatoid arthritis. Two months after the final administration of it, she was admitted to our hospital with complaints of palpitation and shortness of breath. The hemogulobin was 5.9 g/dl, the platelet count was 0.5 x 10(4)/microliter, and the leukocyte count was 800/microliters with 19% neutrophils. Her bone marrow showed aplasia, and both of Ham and sugar-water tests were positive. Three times of bolus-methylprednisolone treatment, with or without methenolone acetate, resulted in no definite improvement of peripheral pancytopenia and marrow aplasia. Subsequent subcutaneous rhGM-CSF, 300 micrograms daily for 28 days with oral prednisolone 5 mg and methenolone acetate 40 mg daily, initiated hematopoietic recovery of all three cell lineages in both peripheral blood and bone marrow. The same doses of prednisolone and methenolone acetate were continued after rhGM-CSF administration, and three months later peripheral cytopenia and positive Ham and sugar-water tests disappeared completely.
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PMID:[Initiation of hematopoietic recovery by recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in a case of severe aplastic anemia induced by gold salt]. 771 74

2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) is an important occupational and environmental pollutant. In TNT-exposed humans, notable toxic manifestations have included aplastic anaemia, toxic hepatitis, cataracts, hepatomegaly and liver cancer. Therefore, it is important to develop protection measures and to monitor workers involved in the clean-up of ammunition sites. Haemoglobin (Hb) adducts of TNT, 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (4ADNT) and 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene (2ADNT), and the urine metabolites of TNT, 4ADNT and 2ADNT were found in 22-50% of the exposed workers, but not in the control group. The exposed workers were wearing protective equipment. The levels of erythrocytes, haemoglobin, creatinine, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase and lymphocyte levels were significantly lower in the exposed workers than in the non-exposed workers. The levels of blood urea and reticulocytes were significantly higher in the exposed workers than in the non-exposed workers. Headache (26%), mucous membrane irritation (16%), sick leave (18%), lassitude (8%), anxiety (6%), shortness of breath (3%), nausea (5%) and allergic reactions (8%) were reported by the exposed workers. In a further analysis the U-4ADNT levels and the Hb-adduct levels were compared to the blood parameter and the health effects. The blood parameters were not significantly different between the U-4ADNT positive and U-4ADNT-negative group. Headache, mucous membrane irritation, sick leave, lassitude, anxiety, shortness of breath and allergic reactions were statistically not different between the two groups. Also in the workers with Hb-4ADNT adducts no significant negative changes were seen in regards to the changes of the blood parameters or the health effects. According to the results of the present study, it appears that the blood parameter changes and the health effects are more influenced by other factors than by the internal exposure to TNT.
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PMID:Biomonitoring of workers cleaning up ammunition waste sites. 1785 74

Major surgery in a patient with pancytopenia might be associated with increased surgical risks, especially for bleeding and infection. A 66-yr-old man was admitted to the hospital due to shortness of breath. His dyspnea was classified by the New York Heart Association (NYHA) as functional class III. Prior to admission, he had a 5-yr history of medical management for idiopathic aplastic anemia. The severity of aplastic anemia of the patient was graded as non-severe aplastic anemia. Echocardiography revealed reduced left ventricular function and severe aortic valve regurgitation (grade IV) with left ventricular end diastolic dimension measuring 87 mm. Because of dyspnea and echocardiographically documented aortic valve insufficiency, the patient underwent elective aortic valve replacement. Although extracorporeal circulation for valve operations might be associated with aggravation of impaired blood cell function, the patient recovered from surgery uneventfully. Here, we report a successful cardiac surgery with extracorporeal cardiopulmonary bypass in a patient with severe aortic valve insufficiency and concomitant idiopathic aplastic anemia.
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PMID:Cardiac surgery in a patient with idiopathic aplastic anemia: a case report. 1798 45

Pancytopenia is a condition with decreased numbers of all cell lines. Aplastic anemia is a common cause although malarial infection causing lysis of RBCs may also partly mimic this condition. The infection may also damage the patient's bone marrow resulting in pancytopenia as well. We present the case of a post-partum female patient who reported with fever, body aches and shortness of breath one month after the delivery of her baby. All blood cell counts were decreased and peripheral blood smear showed malarial parasites. Anti-malarial treatment was initiated following which the fever subsided but, despite regular transfusions, the blood counts remained low. Bone marrow biopsy report revealed P. falciparum pigments along with hypocellularity characteristic of severe aplastic anemia. Consequently, bone marrow transplantation was advised as a therapeutic measure. This case report highlights the increased susceptibility of pregnant women to malaria in endemic areas and subsequent aplastic anemia.
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PMID:Postpartum aplastic anemia presenting as pancytopenia due to malarial infection. 2416 91