Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002874 (aplastic anemia)
 5,905 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 38-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of pancytopenia in April 1992. She was diagnosed as aplastic anemia by bone marrow biopsy and other examinations. Then she was treated with methyl-prednisolone pulse therapy followed by administration of cyclosporin in out-patient clinic. Though the modest improvement of peripheral blood count was observed, the worsening of pancytopenia was developed in association with tapering of cyclosporin. Anabolic steroid was given from June 1994 and gradual improvement of peripheral blood count was observed. On June 1995, she developed sudden onset of swelling and discoloration of a lower extremity, and thrombosis in the femoral vein was detected by Doppler ultrasonography. She was positive for lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibody, thus a diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome was made. Aplastic anemia associated with antiphospholipid syndrome has never been reported as far as we know. This case will be of importance for analyzing the cause of thrombosis in aplastic anemia.
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PMID:[Development of deep vein thrombosis in an aplastic anemia patient with antiphospholipid antibodies]. 896 Jun 62

The etiology and pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases have long been an enigmatic subject that have involved genetic and environmental factors. Recent intriguing data has contributed to the mechanisms involved, including the relationship of infectious agents and loss of tolerance. This loss of tolerance is illustrated by the data on the immune response to Hepatitis B virus such as the molecular mimicry between HBV antigens and self proteins, the generation of immune complexes between HBV antigens and antibodies, and apoptosis/tissue damage resulting in the exposure of intracellular antigens to the immune system. In this paper, we review the current database related to HBV infection and a variety of autoimmune conditions, including autoimmune hepatitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, aplastic anemia, antiphospholipid syndrome, polyarteritis nodosa, rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, thyroid disease and uveitis.
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PMID:Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and autoimmune disease. 1827 Aug 62

Human parvovirus B19 infection is responsible for a wide range of human diseases ranging from mild erythema infectiosum in immunocompetent children to fetal loss in primary infected pregnant women and aplastic anemia or lethal cytopenias in adult immunocompromised patients. Since persistent viral infection is responsible for an autoimmune response and clinical symptoms can mimic autoimmune inflammatory disorders, parvovirus B19 is the object of intense efforts to clarify whether it is also able to trigger autoimmune diseases. Indeed the virus has been implicated as the causative or the precipitating agent of several autoimmune disorders including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus, antiphospholipid syndrome, systemic sclerosis and vasculitides. Molecular mimicry between host and viral proteins seems to be the main mechanism involved in the induction of autoimmunity. By means of a random peptide library approach, we have identified a peptide that shares homology with parvovirus VP1 protein and with human cytokeratin. Moreover the VP peptide shares similarity with the transcription factor GATA1 that plays an essential role in megakaryopoiesis and in erythropoiesis. These new data sustain the role played by molecular mimicry in the induction of cross-reactive (auto)antibodies by parvovirus B19 infection.
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PMID:Human parvovirus B19 infection and autoimmunity. 1870 Jan 74

Interleukin-3 (IL-3) is a multipotent hematopoietic growth factor produced by activated T-cells, monocytes/macrophages and stroma cells. Human IL-3 gene is located on chromosome 5 near segment 5q31. The high affinity receptor for human IL-3 is composed of alpha and beta subunits. IL-3 shares common beta subunit with GM-CSF and IL-5 which has been mapped to chromosome 22q13.1. The biological effects of IL-3 have been studied in human and murine hematopoietic cell lines and normal human bone marrow cells. Addition of IL-3 to the culture medium induces proliferation, maturation and probably self renewal of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells and cells of myeloid, erythroid and megakaryocytic lineages. Various clinical trials have assessed the in vivo potential of recombinant human interleukin 3 (rhIL-3). Initial results of phase I/II studies of IL-3 at a dose of 5-10 ug/kg subcutaneous (s/c) daily for 5-10 days in patients with relapsed lymphomas, small cell lung cancer, breast cancer and ovarian cancer have shown that post-chemotherapy application of IL-3 reduces chemotherapy delays and induces faster regeneration of granulocytes and platelets. However, these results were not confirmed in phase III studies. The role of IL-3 alone in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), aplastic anemia (AA) and other bone marrow failure disorders have also been disappointing. However, preliminary studies of IL-3 in combination with chemotherapeutic agents and immunosuppression have demonstrated encouraging results in patients with MDS and aplastic anemia respectively. The therapeutic potential of IL-3 in peripheral blood stem cell harvesting and priming of stem cells before harvest is beginning to be identified. Initial results of IL-3 in combination with granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or later acting growth factor like granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) have yielded larger amounts of peripheral blood stem cells during PBSC harvesting. This approach and application of IL-3 with cocktail of other cytokines for ex-vivo expansion of stem cells, dendritic cell development and gene transfer requires further evaluation. The role of IL-3 in murine models of antiphospholipid syndrome (APLS) for prevention of recurrent abortion remains experimental and warrants careful assessment of adverse effects of IL-3 therapy on pregnant woman and fetus. The exact therapeutic role of IL-3 in oncology and nononcology patients is beginning to be identified. It appears that future application of IL-3 in combination with other cytokines is an attractive way forward in the prevention of treatment related mortality and morbidity in oncology patients. It also holds prospects for development of new therapeutic strategies for dose escalation and immune modulation for relapsed cancer patients.
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PMID:Interleukin-3: Promises and Perspectives. 2741 83