Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Androgen metabolism has been studied in 33 patients (17 males, 16 females) with chronic renal disease not undergoing dialysis treatment. The mean value of serum testosterone was reduced in both sexes, whereas that of serum leteinizing hormone (LH) was elevated in the males. The parameters became increasingly pathological with decreasing renal function. There was no correlation between serum testosterone and serum LH, indicating an inadequate hypothalamic-pituitary response to the testicular dysfunction. The clinical significance of this relative hypoandrogenaemia is obscure. A possible relation to the anaemia and bone disease of chronic renal failure is discussed.
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PMID:Serum levels of testosterone and luteinizing hormone in patients with chronic renal disease. 47 92

One hundred consecutive patients with hemoglobin concentration less than 3.5 g/dL (hematocrit reading, less than 10%) were admitted to the University of Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Iraq, during a 30-month period. Twenty-eight patients had aplastic anemia, 27 had leukemia or other hemopoietic malignancies, 16 had chronic renal failure, eight had iron-deficiency anemia, eight had hemolytic anemia, seven had thalassemia major, and six had other conditions. Twenty-three patients died within seven days of admission, mostly due to the underlying disease or complications thereof. Heart failure developed in ten patients, and five had retinal exudates and hemorrhages attributed to severe anemia. Arrhythmias and ECG abnormalities were noted in 20 of 68 patients. Blood transfusion was instituted in all but three patients, whose anemia was corrected with specific therapy without blood transfusion. The tolerance of the 100 patients to such severe anemia was remarkable.
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PMID:Severe anemia. Clinical observations in 100 patients with very low hemoglobin levels. 47 23

By use of the fetal mouse liver cell assay, serum erythropoietin (SEp) concentration was measured in 135 patients at various stages of chronic renal failure and in 59 healthy subjects. In patients with creatinine clearances (CCr) ranging from 2 to 40 ml/min/1.73 sq m, endocrine renal function was found to deteriorate in parallel to excretory renal function. The known negative correlation between SEp and hematocrit (Hct) was not apparent, probably because of the loss of renal mass accompanying progress of anemia and renal insufficiency. In contrast, in patients with minimal variation of residual excretory renal function, as in individual patients investigated repeatedly within a short period of time, changes of Hct were always accompanied by opposite changes of corresponding SEp concentrations. Thus, patients with chronic renal failure have a sustained regulatory feedback mechanism between Hct and SEp, which probably works at a lower level.
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PMID:Serum erythropoietin concentration in chronic renal failure: relationship to degree of anemia and excretory renal function. 47 5

The effect of erythropoietin on anemia was studied in anephric rats undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Both the number of bone marrow red cell precursors and plasma iron turnover were markedly depressed in untreated peritoneally dialyzed anephric animals when compared to peritoneally dialyzed sham-operated control rats. Anephric rats receiving 2 U of erythropoietin per day for 12 days had greater than threefold more bone marrow red cell precursors and a twofold larger plasma iron turnover than did the saline injected anephric rats. There was no significant difference in either bone marrow red cell precursors or plasma iron turnover in the erythropoietin-treated anephric rats when compared to the nonuremic controls. Although the rats receiving erythropoietin for 12 days had a significantly higher hematocrit (29.5%) than the saline injected uremic rats did (19.0%), the hematocrit was significantly lower than that found in nonuremic control animals, either receiving erythropoietin (48.1%) or not receiving erythropoietin (41.6%). Our data suggests that erythropoietin is potentially a useful agent for the treatment of anemia of chronic renal failure.
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PMID:Effect of erythropoietin on anemia of peritoneally dialyzed anephric rats. 51 95

A potent inhibitor of cell proliferation was found in the urine of a patient with chronic renal failure. This substance included in "middle molecules" (MM) fraction, was obtained by chromatography. This factor was shown to inhibit noticeably the proliferation of various cells : lymphocytes stimulated by allogeneic cells, monolayer cell lines of normal or tumorous origin and leukemic cell lines derived from acute lymphoblastic leukemia. This effect was reversible and thus could not be related to a direct, rapid cytotoxic effect of MM. Such substances could play an important part in uremic symptoms, such as immunodeficiency, anemia, thrombopenia, gastrointestinal or skin manifestations.
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PMID:A potent inhibitor of cell proliferation in "middle molecules" isolated from the urine of uremic patients. 54 28

Patients with chronic renal failure and on chronic intermittent hemodialysis have several metabolic risks such as retention of urea and other products of nitrogen metabolism, catabolism, acidosis, edema, dehydration, hyper- and hypotension, hyperkalemia, renal osteopathy, and renal anemia. Uremic coma is usually avoided by balanced nutritional therapy and treatment with hemodialysis. A dietary regimen containing protein with high amounts of essential amino acids is an important part of treatment. In patients on chronic hemodialysis disorders of protein and amino acid metabolism are caused by either deficiency of essential ingredients of the food or by the metabolic defects due to chronic uremia.
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PMID:[Dangers of a wrong diet in patients with renal insufficiency in the predialytic state or during chronic hemodialysis]. 55 61

The anemia of chronic renal disease has been attributed primarily to a decrease in erythropoietin (EP) production. Results of this study show that measurable levels of plasma EP can be demonstrated in a majority of patients with end-stage renal failure who are undergoing long-term hemodialysis. These levels were not related to the type of renal disease, nor were they greatly affected by androgenic therapy or by nephrectomy. Although EP elevations in such patients were somewhat less than in nonuremic patients with comparable anemia, the presence of measurable EP levels suggests that impaired end-organ response may play a role in the anemia of chronic renal failure.
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PMID:Plasma erythropoietin levels in patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis. 57 68

Erythrocyte life span was determined in 19 children with chronic renal failure on conservative treatment and in 12 children on regular hemodialysis. Erythrocytes were labeled with 111Indium. Blood loss was measured using a special counting chamber. Erythrocyte life span decreased with increasing blood urea nitrogen. Blood loss into the intestine and into the dialysis equipment was found to be a major cause for anemia of children with chronic renal failure. Daily intestinal blood loss amounted to 6 ml/m2 BSA on conservative treatment and 11 ml/m2 on hemodialysis. Mean blood loss in the dialysis equipment was 8 ml/m2 per dialysis, almost half being lost in the connecting tubing systems.
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PMID:Hemolysis and blood loss in children with chronic renal failure. 58 79

Forty children with chronic renal failure (CRF) on conservative treatment, on hemodialysis, or after renal transplantation and 22 children respresenting a non-uremic control group were subjected to repeated cardiologic examinations by ECG, PCG, chest X-rays and cycle ergometer exercise tests to monitor signs of uremic heart disease and to evaluate physical working capacity (W170). In the CRF group a progressive impairment of W170 was found, starting at an early stage of the disease. Exercise tolerance was inversely related to the degree of CRF. A correlation was also found between W170 and renal anemia. After starting dialysis, W170 failed to increase significantly. Immediately after dialysis an acute drop in W170 occurred. Renal anemia was found to be the main pathogenetic factor of uremic heart disease in children. In some cases hypercirculation following arteriovenous fistulae became equally important as a cause of reduced myocardial performance. Physical rehabilitation, as measured by exercise tolerance tests, was better in transplanted than in dialysed children.
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PMID:Cardiovascular impairment and physical working capacity in children with chronic renal failure. 62 68

A case of pituitary adenoma operated on under hemodialysis was reported. The patient was a 43-year-old male who had been obliged to hemodialysis since April 1975 because of chronic renal failure. He was admitted in February 21, 1976 because of progressive visual symptoms. Neurological examination revealed decreased visual acuity and bitemporal hemianopsia. Radiology showed enlarged sella turcica and calcified mass in the suprasellar region. Laboratory examination disclosed severe anemia and the operation was postponed until the hematocrit improved up to 39% by blood transfusion. The operation was performed in March 17, 1976 under conventional GOF anesthesia. The tumor was covered by a calcified capsule and after nibbling off the calcified covering, the tumor was removed. Postoperative course was uneventful. Peritoneal dialysis was continued for three days immediately after operation. Urinary volume of the patient increased up to 600 ml per day after operation, probably due to the postoperative diabetes insipidus. The diabetes insipidus was rather favorable sequela in this case because the patient was released from the severe restriction of water intake.
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PMID:[Intracranial surgery under hemodialysis (author's transl)]. 63 44


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