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Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In conclusion, postnatal changes in the 2,3-DPG concentration of the canine erythrocyte are directly related to changes in erythrocyte 1,3-diphosphoglycerate concentration. There is not apparent differential regulation of 2,3-DPG mutase or phosphatase activities. Glucose consumption and lactate production of the canine erythrocyte do not change during postnatal development, thus, overall rate controlling reactions in the upper portion of the glycolytic pathway do not regulate the changes in 1,3-diphosphoglycerate. The analysis of intermediate and enzyme levels below the 2,3-DPG shunt indicates that pyruvate kinase functions as a controlling sink reaction. Variation in the pyruvate kinase step causes changes in the erythrocyte phosphoenolpyruvate levels. Since the enolase, phosphoglyceromutase and phosphoglycerate kinase reactions are at equilibrium, changes in phosphoenolpyruvate concentrations are paralleled by changes in the concentrations of 1,3-diphosphoglycerate and 2,3-DPG. We propose that the rise in erythrocyte 2,3-DPG, during the first 60 days of postnatal age, results from a decline in the levels of the fetal or M2 isozyme of pyruvate kinase. The subsequent decline in erythrocyte 2,3-DPG to normal adult levels may result from a developmental change in pyruvate kinase isozymes. The changes in erythrocyte glycolysis following birth increase the oxygen transporting efficiency of hemoglobin at the higher oxygen tensions of the neonatal environment. This provides an initial reserve of blood oxygen transport capacity which suppresses erythrocyte production, resulting in the condition defined as postnatal anemia. There is no apparent defect in postnatal erythropoiesis.
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PMID:The hematology and biochemistry of canine postnatal anemia. 627 Jun 93

Normochromic anaemia was diagnosed in two brothers in early infancy. At the time of this report they were aged 10 (M.H.) and 12 (T.H.) years. A defect of the atrial septum was found in both patients. They had slight skeletal malformations. Their haemoglobin values have remained constantly at the level of about 100 g/l and the RBC count at about 3.5 x 10(12)/l. At repeated examinations, both the patients and their parents had low or borderline low erythrocyte enolase levels. Erythropoietin levels were normal and so were numerous other laboratory tests, including analysis for abnormal haemoglobins. The condition could represent a mild form of chronic congenital hypoplastic anaemia.
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PMID:Benign congenital erythropenia. 724 40

Glucagonoma is a neuroendocrine tumor of pancreatic alpha cells manifested by necrolytic migratory erythema, hyperglucagonemia, glucose intolerance, weight loss, anemia and hypopaminoacidemia. We report a case of glucagonoma in a 38 years-old patient diagnosed by the presence of a pancreatic tumor, liver metastasis, weight loss, glucose intolerance, necrolytic migratory erythema, hyperglucagonemia (1400 pg/ml; normal < 200 pg/ml) and histologic demonstration of glucagon and neurospecific enolase by immunocytochemical reaction. Actual therapeutic of glucagonoma includes surgery, chemotherapy, somatostatin or octreotide for control of the symptoms, and more recently alpha-interferon was suggested.
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PMID:[Glucagonoma: case report and literature review]. 920 30

Schwann cell tumor occurring in the intestines is rare. A 68-year-old female came to our hospital because of hematemesis. Barium enema and colonoscopic examination revealed submucosal tumor in the sigmoid colon. Laboratory data showed mild anemia. No other abnormal finding was found in the blood chemistry. Tumor marker levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA19-9, alpha feto protein (AFP) and neuron specific enolase (NSE) were within normal limits. The exploratory laparotomy confirmed a large sigmoid colon tumor. She received sigmoid colectomy. The resected specimen was a submucosal tumor with central depression, measuring 4.7 x 3.5 x 3.0 cm in size. The cut surface of the tumor was yellowish hue with necrosis. Histological examination showed spindle-shaped tumor cells with palisading comma-shaped nuclei and the nuclear pleomorphism. Immunohistochemical examination revealed that the tumor was positive for S-100 protein staining, and negative for Actin and for H.H.F. staining. These findings showed that this tumor was of Schwann cell origin. We report here the case in detail of a schwannoma in the sigmoid colon.
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PMID:Schwannoma in the sigmoid colon: report of a case. 1094 55

A 53-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with left chest-wall pain. Computed tomography scans showed a homogenous mass on the left chest-wall with pleural effusion. Laboratory data showed anemia, hypercalcemia, and high levels of serum IgG. An IgG-lambda monoclonal protein was detected with serum immunoelectrophoresis. In addition, the serum level of neuron specific enolase (NSE) was elevated. A chest-wall tumor biopsy and a bone marrow aspiration revealed diffuse proliferation of atypical plasma cells, which were positive for cytoplasmic CD38 and IgG-lambda. The patient was diagnosed as having IgG-lambda type multiple myeloma with a chest-wall plasmacytoma. Immunostaining revealed diffuse NSE staining in the cytoplasm of the atypical plasma cells. These findings suggested that the myeloma cells produced NSE. The left chest-wall tumor and bone marrow myeloma cells disappeared following several courses of chemotherapy and radiotherapy and the serum levels of IgG and NSE also normalized. No recurrence of the multiple myeloma was seen after an autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. This is the second report of an NSE-producing multiple myeloma. Interestingly, our case has similar clinical phenotypes with the previously reported case, such as chest-wall plasmacytoma, pleural effusion and hypercalcemia.
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PMID:[A neuron specific enolase-producing multiple myeloma]. 1709 78

Benign metastasizing leiomyoma (BML) is a rare condition that occurs mainly in premenopausal women and is characterized most commonly by pulmonary metastases. Here, we report the case of a 45-yearold woman who presented with multiple bilateral pulmonary nodules on chest examination during a health checkup 13 years after myomectomy. This patient has a normal menstrual cycle, moderate anemia, and no obvious respiratory symptoms. Serum concentrations of cancer markers such as carcinoembryonic antigen, neuron specific enolase, cytokeratin 19 fragments, and pro-gastrin-releasing peptide were within normal limits. Color doppler ultrasound was also performed, several hypoechoic regions were found in uterine bodies and cavity. The computed tomography (CT)-guided lung biopsy was used for histopathological examination. Immunohistochemical staining revealed BML which were positive for smooth muscle antibody, desmin, vimentin, estrogen and progesterone receptors, and Ki-67 positive rate of about 1%. Hysterectomy and bilateral adnexectomy were performed as a part of treatment. The lung nodules were meticulously monitored at follow-up. Three months later, the repeat CT scan showed that the nodules had reduced in size, and no new nodules had appeared, 1 year later, CT scan showed no obvious changes in lung nodules. This study is of great significance as the results will be helpful in diagnosing and treating future pulmonary benign metastasizing leiomyoma (PBML) cases.
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PMID:Pulmonary benign metastasizing leiomyoma: a case report and literature review. 3304 May 39