Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 40 children with iron deficiency anemia and in 15 children with iron deficiency without anemia the diagnosis is made by hemoglobin, red cell count, hematocrit, MCH, serum iron, iron binding capacity, iron saturation and serum ferritin. For treatment an iron resin adsorbate, given one time daily, was used. The average daily increase of hemoglobin in the time of five weeks is 0,71 g/l by an initial value of 91 g/l. In a child with severe anemia (54 g/l) the daily increase was 2,57 g/l Hemoglobin. Serum ferritin increased in 12 weeks from 13 to 51 microgram/l, this normal value shows the filling of the iron reserves.
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PMID:[Serum ferritin and iron therapy in childhood. Experiences with iron resin adsorbate (author's transl)]. 719 62

Since the number of centenarians is increasing rapidly in recent years, the establishment of normal ranges in red blood cell (RBC) parameters for healthy centenarians is necessary for diagnostic criteria of anemia. The subjects were 129 centenarians consisting of 27 men (17; healthy, 69; low ADL) and 102 women (33; healthy, 69; low ADL) after excluding centenarians with diseases affecting RBC parameters. The t test was used for statistical evaluation. The mean RBC count for healthy centenarian men was 403 +/- 54.7 x 10(4)/microliters; hemoglobin (Hb) level, 12.4 +/- 1.3 g/dl; hematocrit (Hct), 38.2 +/- 3.9%; MVC, 95.3 +/- 5.3 fl; MCH, 31.4 +/- 2.2 pg; and MCHC, 32.1 +/- 1.1%. Comparable results for healthy centenarian women were as follows: 375 +/- 43.9 x 10(4)/microliters, 11.6 +/- 1.2 g/dl, 36.3 +/- 3.6%, 97.1 +/- 5.3 fl, 31.0 +/- 2.3 pg, and 32.0 +/- 1.3%, respectively. The mean Hb for healthy centenarian women was significantly lower than that for healthy centenarian men. The mean RBC, Hb and hematocrit values for low ADL-centenarian men were lower than the comparable values for healthy centenarian men. Conversely, the mean MCV value for low ADL-centenarian men was higher than that for healthy centenarian men. There was no difference in any RBC parameter between healthy centenarian women and low ADL-centenarian women. In addition, there was no difference in any RBC parameter between centenarian women living in their own homes and those living in old-aged homes. This study demonstrated the normal ranges of RBC parameters for healthy centenarians, and lower RBC, Hb, and Hct values for low ADL-centenarian men.
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PMID:[Red blood cell parameters of healthy centenarians]. 750 May 49

This study was performed to assess the pregnant women's knowledge and attitudes towards anaemia, its causes, prophylaxis, and treatment and to describe existing problems with interventions for anaemia in antenatal clinics. A total of 310 women were interviewed from three MCH-clinics in suburban Dar-es-Salaam. Anaemia was considered a major problem by 88% and 75%, respectively in the two peripheral MCH clinics, but by only 44% of attenders in the hospital MCH clinic. Over 85% of interviewees were aware of the causes of and ways of preventing anaemia. The most frequently mentioned cause of anaemia were related to nutrition while intestinal parasites was mentioned by a few women. Only 5% believed that anaemia might not be dangerous for the mother. In all three clinics more than 90% were aware of the advantages of early booking for antenatal care. None of the mothers had received any ferrous supplements during the current pregnancy, and only a minority (38%) in the previous pregnancy though 40% of them said they were informed they had anaemia in the previous pregnancy. Side effects were not reported as a reason for non-compliance. Thus, mothers were aware that anaemia is a health problem in pregnancy. They would accept effective intervention if they were offered them. The irregular and inadequate supply of haematinics to antenatal clinics is a far more important obstacle to the implementation of the anaemia prevention programme than the knowledge and attitudes of the mothers.
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PMID:Anaemia in pregnancy: perceptions of patients in Dar-es-Salaam. 758 43

The effects of lead on haematological parameters were studied in 51 occupationally exposed individuals comprising of 27 lead furnace workers, 24 lead pellet handlers and 20 healthy age and service matched controls. Blood lead levels were estimated by atomic absorption spectrometer AAS-180-80 and haematological parameters by Technicon H.1 system. The lead furnace workers had highest blood lead levels (median 71.20 ug/dl, range 21.2-171.10 ug/dl) and low Hb (median 106 g/l, range 73-144 g/l) as compared to healthy subjects (median lead levels 29.80 ug/dl, range 10.20-54.10 ug/dl and Hb median 135 g/l, range 101-153 g/l). The workers handling pellets had moderately increased blood lead levels (median 45.50 ug/dl, range 8.50-130.6 ug/l) and low Hb (median 114 g/l, range 74-158 g/l). The furnace exposed workers had higher blood lead levels and low Hb compared to the lead pellet handlers. TRBC, Hct, MCV, MCH and MCHC did not reveal any significant difference in all groups. It is concluded that chronic lead exposure causes normocytic normochromic anaemia and shows a dose response relationship between lead levels and severity of anemia.
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PMID:Blood lead levels and anemia in lead exposed workers. 759 14

The aim of this work was to assess and compare morphological changes in blood and bone marrow of rabbits after per os (po) or intraperitoneal (ip) administration of equimolar doses of tin or lead. The experiment was performed on female rabbits that were divided into four groups of six animals each, and received stannous chloride SnCl2 x 2 H2O (Merck) or lead acetate Pb(CH3COO)2 (POCh Gliwice) in equimolar doses (ip--17/microM/kg) or per os (po--85/microM/kg). Group I was administered SnCl2 ip at the dose of 2 mg Sn/kg every day for 3 mo, group II Pb(CH3COO)2 ip at a dose of 3.5 mg Pb/kg every day for 3 wk, group III po SnCl2 (10 mg Sn/kg), and group IV po Pb(CH3COO)2 (17.5 mg Pb/kg), both for 4 mo. The morphological factors hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Ht), erythrocyte (Ercs), and reticulocyte counts, MCV, MCH, MCHC, and erythropoietic system in bone marrow aspirates with sideroblast count, iron concentration, TIBC, and SI were estimated. Tin caused hemolytic anemia depending on abnormal iron utilization. After ip administration of tin, anemia was observed during the whole time of the study, whereas after po exposure, transient anemia was noticed. It has been proven that the mechanism of toxic action of tin on hematopoietic system is similar to the toxic effect of lead.
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PMID:Comparison of tin and lead toxic action on erythropoietic system in blood and bone marrow of rabbits. 768 84

In both sickle cell (SS) anemia and beta-thalassemia (beta-thal), an increase in fetal hemoglobin (HbF) ameliorates the clinical symptoms of the underlying disease. Several pharmacologic agents have been used to elevate HbF levels in adults; however, concerns regarding adverse effects of the prevailing drugs raise an urgent need for other agents capable of stimulating HbF production. We show here that sodium phenylacetate (NaPA) and its precursor, sodium 4-phenylbutyrate (NaPB), can enhance HbF production in cultured erythroid progenitor derived from normal donors and patients with SS anemia or beta-thal, when used at pharmacologic concentrations. Treatment resulted in (1) reduced cell proliferation, (2) elevated hemoglobin (Hb) content per cell (mean cellular Hb [MCH]), and (3) an increased proportion of HbF produced, associated with elevated levels of gamma-globin mRNA. Moreover, the active phenyl-fatty acids, with NaPA as a prototype, potentiated HbF induction by other drugs of clinical interest, including hydroxyurea (HU), sodium butyrate, and 5-azacytidine (5AzaC). Efficacy could be further enhanced by introducing chlorine substituents at the phenyl ring to increase drug lipophilicity. Our findings indicate that NaPA and NaPB, both already proven safe and effective in treatment of children with urea cycle disorders, might benefit also patients with severe hemoglobinopathies. The two-phase liquid culture procedure used in this study should prove valuable in further studies exploring the mechanisms of HbF induction by these agents, and might provide an assay to predict patient response in the clinical setting.
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PMID:Enhanced fetal hemoglobin production by phenylacetate and 4-phenylbutyrate in erythroid precursors derived from normal donors and patients with sickle cell anemia and beta-thalassemia. 769 Dec 51

The relationship between varying intensities of Trichuris trichiura infection and iron status was examined in Jamaican schoolchildren, aged 7 to 11 years. A total of 409 children was identified with T. trichiura (epg > 1200). A control group comprised 207 uninfected children who were matched by school and class to every pair of infected subjects. Blood samples were obtained from 421 children: 264 infected and 157 controls. Compared to the rest of the children, those with heavy infections (epg > 10,000) had significantly lower (P < 0.05) Hb (11.5 +/- 1.3 vs. 12.1 +/- 1.1 g/dl), MCV (78.6 +/- 6.3 vs. 81.2 +/- 5.5 fl), MCH (26.2 +/- 2.9 vs. 27.5 +/- 2.5 pg) and MCHC (33.2 +/- 1.5 vs. 33.9 +/- 1.4 g/dl). Similarly, the prevalence of anaemia (Hb < 11.0 g/dl) amongst heavily infected children (33%) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the rest of the sample (11%). These differences remained significant after controlling for confounding variables including socio-economic status, age, gender, area of residence and the presence of Ascaris infections. Differences in red cell count, ferritin, and free erythrocyte protoporphyrin were not statistically significant and showed no association with the infectious load. These results suggest that in the Jamaican children studied, iron deficiency anemia is associated with Trichuris infections over 10,000 epg, but not with less intense infections.
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PMID:Iron status of schoolchildren with varying intensities of Trichuris trichiura infection. 772 42

Studies of haematological parameters were performed on 366 (177 male and 189 female) normal Malawian neonates with mean +/- s.d. birthweight of 2.99 +/- 0.37 (range 2.1-4.0) kg using a Nova Cell Track, Model Nova CT11. Cord anaemia (Cord Hb < 13.5g dl-1) was detected in 100 (27.3%) of the neonates. It was also shown that although the male babies had a significantly higher erythrocyte protoporphyrin level (p < 0.001) than the females, there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in the red cell, white cell and platelet indices between the two sexes. When the haematological parameters of the 266 (72.7%) non-anaemic (Cord Hb > 13.5g dl-1) neonates were analysed, the mean +/- s.d. values which may serve as local reference standards were: Hb 16.0 +/- 1.7 (range 13.5-21.3) g dl-1, Hct 47.0 +/- 6.0 (range 36.5-67.5) percent, MCV 112.6 +/- 8.9 (range 72.2-131.0) fl, MCH 31.9 +/- 5.5 (range 24.4-48.5) pg, MCHC 33.5 +/- 2.8 (range 29.1-48.9) g dl-1 reticulocyte count 6.9 +/- 3.6 (range 1.2-25.0) percent, free erythrocyte protoporphyrin 3.3 +/- 0.9 (range 1.9-7.7) mgs ZPP gm-1 Hb, platelet count 269.9 +/- 57.7 (range 134.0-454.0) x 10(9) l-1 and total leucocyte count 12.3 +/- 4.8 (range 5.5-35.3) x 10(9) l-1. Further analysis of the differential wbc count disclosed normal levels of eosinophils and neutrophils similar to those given in standard haematology textbooks for Caucasian neonates; thus strengthening the belief that eosinophilia and relative neutropenia previously reported in adult Africans is not of genetic origin, but rather an acquired phenomena.
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PMID:Some haematological parameters in Malawian neonates. 778 47

Red cell and white cell parameters were determined in 600 (310 male and 290 female) normal Black Zimbabwean neonates with a mean +/- sd birth weight of 3.0 +/- 0.4 (range 2.04 to 4.50, median 3.0) kg using a Coulter Counter Model S Plus. Cord anaemia (cord Hb < 13.5 gdl-1) was detected in 60 (10 pc) of the neonates. Although the male babies were significantly heavier than the females (p = 0.004), there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in the red cell and white cell indices between the two sexes. When the haematological parameters of the 540 (90 pc) non-anaemic (cord Hb > or = 13.5 gdl-1) neonates were analysed, the mean +/- sd values which may serve as local reference standards were: Hb 15.2 +/- 1.8 (range 13.5 to 19.4) gdl-1, Hct 47.3 4.9 (range 38.6 to 60.3) pc, MCV 107.8 +/- 9.4 (range 88.8 to 134.3) fl, MCH 31.9 +/- 3.4 (range 25.2 to 45.2) pg, MCHC 32.9 +/- 1.3 (range 30.0 to 38.3) gdl-1, nucleated red blood cells 6.1 +/- 5.9 (range 0 to 55) per 100 white blood cells, reticulocyte count 5.0 +/- 1.9 (range 0 to 24.0) pc, total leucocyte count 13.8 +/- 4.4 (range 4.6 to 132.8) x 10(9)l-1; differential count: neutrophils 7.30 +/- 2.90 (range 1.72 to 18.02) x 10(9) l-1, lymphocytes 5.67 +/- 2.47 (range 0.98 to 16.14) x 10(9) l-1, monocytes 0.81 +/- 0.83 (range 0 to 5.58) x 10(9) l-1, 1 and eosinophils 0.08 +/- 0.13 (range 0 to 0.72) x 10(9)l-1.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Neonatal haematology in Zimbabwe. II: The red cell and white cell parameters. 778 74

In order to evaluate the development of the erythrogram of growing parrot nestlings, blood samples were taken monthly from birds of six different parrot species at the age of 30-200 days. Values for the packed cell volume (PCV), the total red blood cell count (TRBC) and the hemoglobin content (Hb) were determined directly and served as basic data for the calculation of the red blood cell indices MCV (mean cellular volume), MCH (mean cellular hemoglobin) and MCHC (mean cellular hemoglobin concentration). Additionally, stained blood smears were evaluated microscopically to judge the morphology of the red blood cells. The results of five species confirmed most results from earlier publications. The data from the species Pyrrhura leucotis formed an exception. The birds showed a decrease of the Hb during the investigated period. Simultaneously, an increase of the PCV and the TRBC could be observed. Thus an anemia as possible cause for the development of the hemoglobin content is rather unlikely. Possibly a certain hemoglobin structure compensates for this development and may be of metabolic advantage for the affected species.
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PMID:[The development of the red blood picture in growing parrot chicks]. 794 May 8


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