Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

As part of an overall assessment of immunological function, several aspects of cellular immunity and circulating lymphocyte subpopulations were evaluated in a group of 10 patients with idiopathic autoimmunhemolytic anemia (AIHA). The absolute numbers of circulating T and B cells were reduced in the patient group compared to normals. A shift from "corticosteroid-sensitive" to "corticosteroid-resistent" and activated cells in the cytogram of clustered Fe-(III)-hydroxide-glucane saccharose labeled T lymphocytes was apparent. In vitro studies of cellular reactivity, as evaluated by PHA, ConA, PWM, antigens and allogeneic cell induced proliferation showed a blend of general or selective depression and sometimes a normal or increased activity with no definite correlation with both the number of circulating T cells and the extent of the hemolytic activity by the disease. The possible significance of the findings is discussed.
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PMID:Functional and surface characterisitics of lymphocytes from patients with warm-antibody type autoimmunhemolytic anemia (AIHA). 30 50

Studies have shown that estrogens and progestogens can cause immuno-depression. Oral contraceptives (OCs) have also been linked with viral and urinary tract infections. In developing countries, women have higher risks of developing these infections because of undernutrition and anemia. This study evaluates cell-mediated immunity (CMI) and one parameter of hormonal immunity--serum hemolytic complement--in undernourished Indian women using OCs. The study population consisted of a random sample of urban women of low income status, between 20 and 30 years of age, mean weight of 45.2 kg. and mean height of 151.2 cm., and mean hemoglobin level of 13.2 g/dl (none had hemoglobin levels below 8 g/dl). 52 of the women were taking OCs (150/ug. of d. norgestrol and either 30 or 50/ug. ethinyl estradiol). The T and B lymphocytes, hemolytic complement in serum (CH50), PHA-induced lymphocyte transformation (PILT) were measured. Results revealed a wide scatter of values in all 4 parameters--% of T cells; % of B cells; 3H-thymidine incorporation, and CH50 levels even in the control group. No significant differences in % of B and T lymphocytes subpopulation or PILT were observed between OC users and the control group. CH50 levels were significantly lower, however, in OC users. Generally, clinical experience of pill users suggests that there is no need for undue concern for potential immune-associated problems in OC users.
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PMID:Immune studies in oral contraceptive users. 31 58

Twenty-six hemodialysis patients were given human recombinant erythropoietin to correct anemia. Eighteen patients had previously received multiple transfusions and 18 had been transfused within the preceding six months. Ten patients had lymphocytotoxic antibodies (panel reactive antibodies, PRA), measured as percent positive reactions against a panel of lymphocytes from 22 lymphocyte donors before the start of erythropoietin treatment. There was a significant decrease in mean PRA activity from 60% to 35% (p less than 0.05) during 6-18 months of treatment. Three of 26 patients received blood transfusions after the start of erythropoietin treatment, because of intercurrent disease or blood loss. Kidney transplantation was performed in four of the PRA-positive patients and in eight of the PRA-negative patients. Nine kidney transplants are currently functioning. The three graft losses were due to rejections. The lymphocyte immune reactivity measured after stimulation in MLC (mixed lymphocyte culture) against pooled lymphocytes and after PHA (phytohemagglutinin) and Con A (Concanavalin A) stimulation, was significantly lower in the hemodialysis patients than in the healthy controls (p less than 0.05). The responses did not change after correction of anemia. The number of OKM1 (Ortho's monoclonal antibody against M1 cells [monocytes])-positive cells among peripheral blood lymphocytes were significantly higher (p less than 0.001) in uremic patients than in healthy controls. After 12-18 months of treatment with erythropoietin this difference disappeared.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Long-term effects on lymphocytotoxic antibodies and immune reactivity in hemodialysis patients treated with recombinant human erythropoietin. 155 Dec 55

Immunosenescence occurs with aging, which is seen in decline in response to mitogens PHA, ConA, decline in cell-mediated immunity, increase in anemia, and increase in autoimmune antibodies to erythrocytes and DNA. These studies compared FTS, TP5, TM4, and TF5 in C57BL/6NNia mice. Mice aged 4, 26, 52, 78 and 104 wk were treated with various hormones 5x/wk for 3 wk and monitored for hormonal effects on weight; hematocrit; peripheral blood, spleen, and thymic cell numbers; spleen and peripheral blood cell mitogen responses to PHA, ConA, LPS; IgM hemolysin autoantibody; and cell-mediated cytotoxicity to P815 allogenic cells. Hormone treatments altered mitogen responses, enhanced IgM hemolysin autoantibody production, and modulated cell-mediated immune responses. The effects were not consistent for every hormone. There was a tendency for enhancement in younger mice and suppression in older animals. Treatment with FTS showed the greatest changes in either enhancing or suppressing the different parameters measured. The hormonal effects appeared to be age specific in that certain activities were altered for certain age groups but not in others. Hormone treatment did not restore any immune parameters in old mice to the level of young animals. In general, the different hormones did not consistently produce the same effects in C57BL/6NNia mice of different age groups. Even though all animals received from National Institutes on Aging (NIA) animal models program were held under strictly controlled conditions, intrinsic variations between cohorts of different ages are difficult to control. Cohorts of aging animals tested at different times might be intrinsically different. This inherent variability in the cohorts could affect the range of activity, specificity and reproducibility of hormone effects in vivo. Most importantly, it should be emphasized that cross-sectional data identifies age differences rather than age changes. There is no assurance that age changes in any individual or in all subpopulations follow this pattern. In our studies only healthy animals were used. Old, sick, or tumor-bearing animals were culled out prior to being sent to us. Therefore, the 78- and 104-wk-old mice represent selected healthy cohorts. The age changes that take place can be answered only from repeated measurements made in the same individual over time.
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PMID:Survey of thymic hormone effects on physical and immunological parameters in C57BL/6NNia mice of different ages. 185 89

A simple diagnostic test for Fanconi anemia (FA) by flow cytometry is proposed. It is based on the cell cycle disturbances of FA cells and their sensitisation by alkylating agents. Following PHA-stimulation of whole blood cell cultures in the presence or absence of nitrogen mustard, the accumulation of cells in G2/M phase was measured. A sharp increase of cells in G2/M was observed in cultures from FA patients when nitrogen mustard was added. This increase allows one to distinguish FA patients from patients with anemias of other origin, healthy controls, and FA heterozygotes, as effectively as chromosome breakage studies. The rapidity of the test and its reliability as demonstrated on the ten FA patients studied, will make the diagnosis of FA easier in centers without cytogenetic laboratory facilities.
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PMID:A simple diagnostic test for Fanconi anemia by flow cytometry. 202 1

A 19-year-old girl is described with microcephaly, short stature, mental retardation, pigmentation of the skin, and recurrent skin abscesses over the whole body. Her elder brother and sister both showed growth and developmental retardation, microcephaly, and anemia. Both died during childhood. Their parents were first cousins. Laboratory studies of the proband revealed hyperchromic erythrocytes with an increased HbF content, thrombocytopenia, an impaired mitogenic response of the PHA-stimulated lymphocytes, and partial impairment of humoral and cellular immunity. She developed pancytopenia in the terminal stage of the disease. Cytogenetic studies of the bone marrow revealed 46,XX, 15p+, -18, +mar karyotype, increased chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges, in cultured lymphocytes and skin fibroblasts. She died at age 20. Thus, the disorder in the patient was deduced as an unclassified chromosomal breakage syndrome with an apparently autosomal recessive inheritance.
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PMID:A disease with immune deficiency, skin abscesses, pancytopenia, abnormal bone marrow karyotype, and increased sister chromatid exchanges: an autosomal recessive chromosome instability syndrome? 226 3

PHA-leukocytes conditioned medium (PHA-LCM) prepared from the patients with chronic renal failure and normal control was tested for BPA by progenitor cell assay with methylcellulose culture method. The BPA of uremic patients, expressed as a percentage of standard CM, was significantly lower than that of normal subjects (96 +/- 9%). However, there was no correlation between BPA and the severity of anemia. The number of circulating BFU-E per milliliter of blood was significantly lower in uremic patients (71 +/- 77) than in normal controls (131 +/- 96), and the number correlated with the severity of anemia. From these results, the maturation process of erythroid series in uremic patients appeared to be impaired at a stage between pluripotent stem cell and BFU-E, and might be secondary to inefficient production of BPA by lymphocytes.
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PMID:[Burst promoting activity of lymphocytes from uremic patients]. 258 43

The in vitro effect of recombinant human GM-CSF (rHuGM-CSF) was tested on bone marrow-derived multilineage (CFU-GEMM) as well as megakaryocytic (CFU-Mk), erythroid (BFU-E), and granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM) progenitors in a group (n = 16) of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Hematopoietic progenitor cell growth was markedly impaired in MDS patients as compared to normal controls (p less than 0.05, at least). Recombinant HuGM-CSF supported the growth of CFU-GEMM, CFU-Mk, and BFU-E at lower, equivalent, or slightly higher frequencies that those found in cultures plated with medium conditioned by peripheral blood leukocytes (PHA-LCM), but it was invariably ineffective in improving growth values. Recombinant HuGM-CSF supported the growth of granulocyte-macrophage colonies in 15 of 16 cases. The overall incidence (mean +/- SEM) of CFU-GM in cultures containing rHuGM-CSF (5 ng/ml) was significantly higher than the one found in cultures stimulated with PHA-LCM (40 +/- 15 vs. 17 +/- 7, p less than 0.05). Upon culture with rHuGM-CSF (5 ng/ml), in 5 of 15 patients de novo colony formation was observed (8 +/- 4) and in 4 of 15 patients CFU-GM growth (129 +/- 33) fell within normal range. Doses of rHuGM-CSF higher than 5 ng/ml did not result in a further increase of MDS-derived colony formation. It is concluded that rHuGM-CSF (a) does not improve the growth of CFU-GEMM, CFU-Mk, and BFU-E; (b) may completely restore the growth of CFU-GM in a subgroup of MDS patients; (c) while ineffective in improving anemia and thrombocytopenia, its in vivo in MDS may correct leukopenia through an effect at the level of granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cell compartment, at least in a subset of highly responsive patients.
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PMID:Growth of human hematopoietic colonies from patients with myelodysplastic syndromes in response to recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. 265 96

Juzen-daiho-to is one of the Chinese traditional medicines which is usually applied with patients suffering from anemia or chronic exhaustive disease. Twenty-three patients after gastrectomy and 16 patients after colectomy were studied for NK cell activity, blastogenesis by PHA, several T-lymphocyte subsets, serum triglyceride and serum lipo-protein before drug administration at one, three, six, nine months and one year after the start of drug administration respectively. A remarkable elevation in NK cell activity was noted 3 and 6 months after the drug administration. Statistical analysis shows a significant converse correlation between NK cell activity and lipo-protein value in the group given Juzendaiho-to.
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PMID:[Clinical effects of Juzendaiho-to on immunologic and fatty metabolic states in postoperative patients with gastrointestinal cancer]. 278 81

The producibility of interferon (IFN)-alpha, which indicates one of the functions of large granular lymphocytes (LGL), was impaired at a high frequency in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients. However, IFN-alpha production in refractory anaemia, which is a subtype of MDS, was almost normal. In contrast, abnormality has not been observed in either proliferative response or the production of IFN-gamma of T-cells by stimulation with PHA. NK activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from MDS patients was generally low and was not augmented by IFN-alpha treatment. These results indicate that, in addition to the abnormality at the level of haematopoietic tissues, LGL among PBMC may be impaired in MDS patients.
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PMID:Impaired alpha-interferon production and natural killer activity in blood mononuclear cells in myelodysplastic syndromes. 348 81


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