Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 3 months old girl presented with significant enlargement of liver, spleen and lymphnodes, with moderate anemia, thrombopenia and leucocytosis. In the differential count there was a shift to the left and an increase of monocyte-like cells (35%). Differential diagnosis included leucemoid reaction, infectious mononucleosis, myelo-proliferative disorder with a missing C chromosome and chronic myeloid leucemia. Clinical symptoms, cytochemistry and caryotype of bone marrow cells suggested infantile chronic myeloic leucemia and normal ALP index and possibly normal HbF. Treatment with 6-mercaptopurine was followed by partial remission. The therapeutic consequences of exact differential diagnosis are discussed.
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PMID:[Differential diagnosis of chronic myeloic leucemia in infancy (author's transl)]. 106 32

A case of B cell lymphoma with clinical and histological features of malignant histiocytosis was described. A 57-year-old male was admitted to Shinshu University Hospital because of transverse myelopathy. Five months before admission, he noticed urinary disturbance, which progressed to urinary obstruction. The following month, bilateral muscular weakness appeared in his legs. A few days later he could not stand up, and was admitted to a local hospital. Neurological examination revealed sensory disturbances below the level of Th12 in all modalities, and marked weakness and hyperreflexia in the lower limbs. A spinal tumor was suspected. However, myelography showed no abnormality. The patient's condition worsened and he became bed-ridden in February 1990. He was transferred to Shinshu University Hospital for further evaluation. On admission he was poorly nourished with fever, anemia, hepatomegaly, and bilateral pretibial pitting edema. No lymphadenopathy was observed. Neurological examination showed total sensory loss below the level of Th12, spastic paraplegia, hyperreflexia in the legs, and urinary obstruction. Laboratory findings revealed an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, increased CRP, pancytopenia, and hypoalbuminemia. Serum level of IgG, IgA, IgM, LDH, ALP, GPT and total bilirubin were increased. CSF and MRI imaging of the spinal cord were normal. Proliferation of atypical histiocytes with marked erythrophagocytosis, which is a characteristic pathological feature of malignant histiocytosis, was observed in peripheral blood and aspirated bone marrow. Immunoenzyme staining of bone marrow using monoclonal antibody L-26, which is a B-cell marker, revealed B-cell lymphoma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A case of B-cell lymphoma with clinical and histological features of malignant histiocytosis]. 130 24

We evaluated diagnostic utility of the hematological, biochemical and serological tests comprised in the "essential laboratory tests" advocated by the Japan Society of Clinical Pathology in 1,026 new patients visiting the outpatient unit of Comprehensive Medicine, National Defense Medical College. Of 750 evaluable patients, 52 showed anemia associated with such conditions as ulcer or cancer of digestive tract, inflammatory disease, or renal failure. Leukocytosis (greater than 9,000/microliters) was found only in 25 of 112 CRP-positive (greater than 0.3 mg/dl) patients, suggesting bacterial infection. Forty-four patients showed hypoproteinemia and/or hypoalbuminemia indicating chronic conditions including liver and inflammatory disease. Elevation of serum creatinine level was found in 4 patients subsequently diagnosed with renal failure, whereas 32 patients demonstrated elevated BUN. After application of the "essential laboratory tests", 97 patients were diagnosed with hyperlipidemia (total cholesterol greater than 230 mg/dl and/or triglyceride greater than 250 mg/dl). Determination of serum enzyme activity was useful not only for the diagnosis of liver dysfunction or biliary tract disease but also for those of hematological malignancies or myogenic disorders; however, in patients with abnormal values of LDH, gamma-GT and ALP, clinical significance was not clarified in 53%, 38% and 59%, respectively. These results indicate that the "essential laboratory tests" are useful in the following aspects of primary care medicine: for (1) estimation of the degree or nature of infection or inflammatory status; (2) classification of anemia and its relation to underlying diseases; (3) evaluation of patient general condition and protein-producible function of liver; (4) evaluation of renal function; (5) ambulatory screening for metabolic diseases such as hyperlipidemia; and (6) diagnosis of liver and biliary tract diseases.
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PMID:[Laboratory tests in primary care medicine: "essential laboratory tests" (2). Usefulness of hematological, biochemical and serological tests in diagnosis of new outpatients]. 159 65

Brown Hisex chicks were fed Azadirachta indica ripe fruit at 2, 5 or 10% of basic diet from their 7th to 35th d of age. Decreased body weight gain and efficiency of feed utilization and hepatonephropathy were most severe in chicks fed the 10% A indica diet. These changes were accompanied by anemia and increases in LDH, GOT and ALP activities and uric acid concentration and by decreased serum total protein. Hepatocytes and renal tubular cells did not completely revert to normal 2 w after removal from the test diets.
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PMID:Experimental Azadirachta indica toxicosis in chicks. 160 90

Slc/ddY mice (10 male, 10 female per group) were given a single p.o. intubation of tris (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP) in olive oil and were observed for 14 days. LD50 values of male and female mice were 2.67 (2.52 approximately 2.83) and 2.25 2.25 (2.12 approximately 2.39) g/kg, respectively. The animals revealed ataxic gait, hyperactivity, and convulsion. Slc/ddY mice (12 male, 12 female er group) were administered diet containing 1.33, 0.42, 0.13, 0.04, and 0.01% of TDCPP for 3 months. Male and female mice of the 1.33% group showed emaciation, rough hair, and tremor; and all animals died within one month. Hematological studies showed slight anemia in males of the 0.42% group and females of the 0.42% and 0.13% groups. They also exhibited a tendency to increase ALP and GPT levels. The animals of the 0.42%, 0.13% and 0.04% groups exhibited tendency to increase liver weights and kidney weights in both sexes. Histopathologically, very slight focal necrosis was recognized in the liver in only 2 females of the 0.42% group. The NOEL under this condition is 0.01% in the diet of tris (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (male: 13.2 mg/kg/day, female: 15.3 mg/kg/day).
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PMID:[Acute and subacute toxicity studies of tris (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate on mice]. 263 31

Acute toxicity of cefodizime sodium (THR-221) was examined in mice of both sexes, rats of both sexes (including 5-day-old young), and male dogs. The LD50 values of THR-221 (mg/kg) were as follows: (1) mice: intravenous, 7200 for males and 5000 for females; intraperitoneal, 10500 for males and 11000 for females; subcutaneous, 17500 for males and 16500 for females; and oral, 28000 for males and 29000 for females. (2) rats (adult): intravenous, 7000 for males and 8200 for females; intraperitoneal, 9500 for males and 8800 for females; subcutaneous, 17000 for males and 15500 for females; oral, more than 20000 for both sexes; and intramuscular, more than 3200 for both sexes. (3) 5-day-old rats: subcutaneous, 5278 for males and 5314 for females. (4) male dogs: intravenous, more than 5000. Major changes in general conditions observed in mice and rats were decreased spontaneous activity, lying prone, respiratory changes, staggering gait, clonic or clonic-tonic convulsions, and cyanosis, and in the animals dosed orally, diarrhea or salivation was also noted. The changes in 5-day-old rats were respiratory changes, agony, loss of reflex to an external stimulus, and congestion at the injection site, and those in dogs were vomiting, dryness of the nose, and soft or mucous stools. Autopsies on the mice and rats which died revealed hemorrhage on the brain surface. In addition, the following were seen: intraperitoneal retention of fluid and dark red spots on the abdominal wall (i.p.), subcutaneous retention of fluid or jellylike material and hemorrhage at the injection site (s.c.), and retention of fluid and dark red spots on the mucosa in the digestive tract (mice p.o.). In 5-day-old rats which died, the subcutaneous tissue at the injection site showed hemorrhage macroscopically and inflammatory changes microscopically. Hematological and blood chemical tests performed in dogs showed an increase in white blood cells and changes suggesting anemia, increases in GOT, LDH and ALP activities, and slight changes in urea nitrogen and inorganic phosphorus. In one animal given a low dose of 2500 mg/kg, an increase in GPT activity was also seen. However, these changes were all transient. Microscopic findings in dogs were slight inflammatory changes in the subcutaneous tissue around the injection site.
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PMID:[Acute toxicity study of cefodizime sodium]. 317 86

From 1980 to 1987 ileoanal pouches were made in 83 patients. Specimen for a set of laboratory analyses were taken preoperatively, during the ileostomy and loop ileostomy periods and repeatedly during 36 months of follow-up. Cobalamine absorption and 14C-triolein breath tests were performed preoperatively in electively operated patients and postoperatively in all patients at 12 and 36 months. Low S-Ca was most pronounced preoperatively in patients who were to undergo acute colectomy (53%). Decreased S-Mg was detected in 16-36% at all stations. None had signs or symptoms of hypomagnesemia. Low S-albumin was rarely seen except for preoperatively in acute patients. Increased IgM was found in 40% of the patients during the loop ileostomy phase compared to 6-10% preoperatively. Substantially increased orosomucoid and/or haptoglobin were seen in patients during the functional periods but these increased values could not be correlated to episodes with acute pouchitis. High values of S-ALAT and ALP were much more frequent during the loop ileostomy periods than it was preoperatively and during pouch function. Low S-haemoglobin and/or iron were noticed during the functional period in 3-8% and 10-16%, respectively. Severe anaemia, due to iron deficiency developed in one patient after 2.5 years of pouch function. Preoperatively, slight decreases of S-B12 were found in 13% and impaired cobalamine absorption was revealed in 38% of the electively operated patients. The corresponding figures were 3% and 31% after 12 months and 5% and 36% after 36 months of follow-up, respectively. B12 substitution was given to in all 8 patients during the follow-ups. Lipid absorption was disturbed in 38% preoperatively and in 35% and 41% at 12 and 36 months, postoperatively.
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PMID:Biochemical laboratory data in patients before and after restorative proctocolectomy. A study on 83 patients with a follow-up of 36 months. 784 1

Following a three-week administration of alpha-interferon (IFN-alpha), a 62-year-old woman with chronic hepatitis C manifested fever and dyspnea and showed diffuse infiltrative opacities on chest roentgenograms. Her laboratory data included results of anemia with reticulocytosis, a decreased complement level and hepatitis with elevated ALP, LDH and gamma-GTP. Because laboratory data also revealed a positive lymphocyte stimulation test for IFN-alpha, this cytokine was considered to be responsible for the development of interstitial pneumonia, hemolytic anemia and cholestatic liver dysfunction due to its immunomodulatory effects. Although these three disorders have been reported to develop singly after IFN-alpha therapy, this is the first report of a patient in whom these disorders occurred simultaneously.
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PMID:A patient with chronic hepatitis C who simultaneously developed interstitial pneumonia, hemolytic anemia and cholestatic liver dysfunction after alpha-interferon administration. 791 19

Copper sulphate was administered by the oral or intravenous route to five dromedary camels. Two camels (1 and 2) receiving copper sulphate at 200 mg per kg per day by drench died within 8 days and camel 3, receiving 100 mg per kg per day by the same route, was slaughtered on day 172. Intravenous injection of 2 mg per kg per day caused the death of camel 4 on day 95 and camel 5, treated similarly, was slaughtered on day 138. Anorexia, dullness, diarrhoea, dehydration and recumbency in camels 1 and 2 were probably clinical signs of copper toxicity. Camels 3, 4 and 5 lost weight. Jaundice was not a prominent clinical sign. The main lesions in camels 1 and 2 were fatty change and necrosis of the liver cells, dilatation and necrosis of kidney tubules, catarrhal abomasitis, enteritis and congestion of the blood vessels of the heart. In camels 3, 4 and 5 the hepatic lesions were mild, with leucocytic infiltration and gastrointestinal and heart lesions were either mild (camel 3) or absent (camels 4 and 5). Cytoplasmic copper granules in hepatic cells were generalized in distribution but more concentrated in the centrilobular zone. In the kidney these granules were confined to the cells of the proximal convoluted tubules. Copper accumulated in the liver and kidneys of all the camels and zinc accumulated in the liver and kidneys of those receiving copper sulphate intravenously. Macrocytic hypochromic anaemia developed in camels 3, 4 and 5 and haemoconcentration in camels 1 and 2. The concentration of serum copper, zinc and iron increased in animals 1, 2 and 4, and unbound iron binding capacity decreased in four camels. There was a rise in the activity of gamma GT, GOT, LDH and CPK in the serum of all the animals. Serum ALP activity, however, increased in camels 1 and 2 and decreased in camels 3, 4 and 5.
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PMID:Experimental copper poisoning in the camel (Camelus dromedarius). 809 11

Medical records and histologic sections of 40 cats with acute pancreatitis were reviewed. Two distinct groups of cats with pancreatitis were established by histologic analysis of tissue. Group 1 (32 cats) had acute pancreatic necrosis (APN). Group 2 (8 cats) had suppurative pancreatitis. Ages of affected cats ranged from 3 weeks to 16 years. The majority consisted of indoor cats of the Domestic Short-Haired breed but Siamese cats were over-represented relative to the general population (P < 0.05). Twenty-two percent of cats were obese and 57% were underweight. Thirty-eight percent of cats had acute disease. In the other cats, two stages in the progression of the disease were evident: (1) anorexia, weight loss, and lethargy, followed by (2) acute deterioration, development of shock, and a moribund state, despite fluid therapy. The most common clinical signs were severe lethargy (100%), reduced appetite (97%), dehydration (92%), and hypothermia (68%). The initial hemogram occasionally showed a neutrophilia (30%) and anemia (26%) but packed cell volume (PCV) decreased markedly to the extent that 55% of cats were anemic terminally. Serum biochemical abnormalities included increased activities of ALT (68%) and ALP (50%), and increased concentrations of bilirubin (64%) and cholesterol (64%). Cats with APN were hyperglycemic (64%), glycosuric (60%) and ketonuric (20%), whereas cats with suppurative pancreatitis tended to be hypoglycemic (75%). Renal failure and electrolyte abnormalities were mild or infrequent except for hypokalemia (56%). This study characterizes a severe necrotizing pancreatitis in the cat similar to that reported in other species, and a histologically distinct suppurative pancreatitis.
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PMID:Acute necrotizing pancreatitis and acute suppurative pancreatitis in the cat. A retrospective study of 40 cases (1976-1989). 1146 88


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