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Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The hospital and clinic records of 230 neonates with ABO hemolytic disease (HD) were reviewed. There was no significant difference in clinical severity between AO-HD and BO-HD as measured by (1) number of neonates with hyperbilirubinemia and/or those requiring exchange transfusion; (2) hemoglobin concentration; (3) reticulocyte count; (4) bilirubin concentration; and (5) incidence of anemia after discharge from the hospital. There was no difference in the hemoglobin concentrations measured at between four and eight weeks of age in 39 control infants and infants with either AO-HD or BO-HD who did not require an exchange transfusion. Our data do not indicate a clinical difference in the severity of AO-HD and BO-HD. Infants with ABO-HD who do not require exchange transfusion and/or phototherapy and whose hemoglobin concentration at discharge is greater than 15 gm/dl do not need a hemoglobin measurement before 6 weeks of age.
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PMID:ABO hemolytic disease: a comparative study of clinical severity and delayed anemia. 56 35

The following phosphate compounds of the erythrocyte acid-soluble fraction were subjected to chromatographic separation: ADP, ATP, adenylo-diphosphoglycerate, 2,3-diphosphoglycerate, hexose monophosphate, hexose diphosphate. In each of the fractions total phosphorus, and in fraction II inorganic phosphorus, were estimated. The material was derived from ten newborns with haemolytic disease as a result of ABO incompatability and from ten full-term healthy newborns, just after birth. The concentration of the compounds assayed, except for 2,3-DPG (the values in both groups were similar) was higher in the erythrocytes from affected newborns, but lower than that found in the material derived from the newborns with Rh incompatibility. It is suggested that the metabolism of erythrocytes of the newborns with haemolytic ABO disease may be somewhat different from that in Rh incompatibility cases because in the former the haemolysis is weaker, the anaemia is less pronounced and the tissue hypoxia is of a smaller degree.
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PMID:Phosphate compounds in the erythrocytes of newborns with ABO systems haemolytic disease. 103 90

Sixteen episodes of acute anaemia necessitating urgent blood transfusion have been investigated in 13 children with sickle cell anaemia. In five out of seven episodes there was evidence of increased haemolysis while in 10 out of 16 episodes a profound fall in reticulocyte count indicated marrow erythroid cell failure. Cold agglutinins active at room temperature were detected in 13 episodes, and anti-I specificity was demonstrated in 11. Warmed blood of homologous ABO and Rhesus groups was administered without complication despite difficulty with cross-matching. The exacerbation of anaemia was not due to folate lack, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency or splenic sequestration, and an infectious agent appeared responsible. The degree of anaemia in homozygous sickle cell disease is usually constant during asymptomatic periods. An episode of sudden profound anaemia (anaemic crisis) may, however, result from marrow hypoplasia, an exacerbation of haemolysis, splenic sequestration, or folate deficiency.
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PMID:Anaemic crisis in sickle cell disease. 115 Aug 83

A delay in red cell recovery after ABO-incompatible bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is often observed. The authors experienced a case of prolonged anemia after a major ABO incompatible BMT for myelodysplastic syndrome which was successfully treated with recombinant human erythropoietin (Epo). Effects of Epo were confirmed by the recurrence of anemia after withdrawal of Epo as well as the rapid reincrease in reticulocytes on readministration. The patient received a dose of Epo which was similar to the amount used for renal anemia, however serum concentration of Epo after administration exceeded endogenous Epo levels. Epo may have a beneficial role in the treatment of prolonged anemia after BMT.
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PMID:[Successful treatment of prolonged anemia after major ABO incompatible bone marrow transplantation for a case of myelodysplastic syndrome with recombinant erythropoietin]. 150 22

We studied the ABO haemolytic disease of the newborn in our neonatal unit to consider their serological aspects and clinical importance. 21% of all pregnancies were ABO incompatibles. The direct antiglobulin test was positive in 46 (11.3%) of them. The Elution was positive in all the newborns with direct antiglobulin test positive (Cd+). The anti-A o anti-B antibodies concentration in mothers was higher than 1/128 in 38 (84%). The C3d complement fraction was activated in two newborns. The infants Cd+ were born to group O mothers in all cases, and nobody was premature. Twelve (26%) of Cd+ presented jaundice which need phototherapy, and one moreover exchange transfusion. The direct antiglobulin test is very useful for detect the liable newborns of serious jaundice; therefore, we thing that is suitable to make this test in infants born to group O mothers. The newborns Cd+ did not have significant anemia at first three months of life.
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PMID:[Value of the Coombs test in ABO incompatibility]. 176 51

A 26-year-old ABO-O positive patient with aplastic anemia received a bone marrow transplant from his genotypically HLA identical, but ABO-A positive, brother. Engraftment of myeloid and megakaryocytic lineages occurred within 4 weeks but pure red cell aplasia and transfusion dependent anemia persisted for 160 days. The authors postulated that the failure of erythropoiesis was due to a high titer of anti-A isohemagglutinins. They tested this hypothesis with clonal cell cultures and flow cytometric analysis of ABO antigen expression by colony forming cells in vitro. During the period of prolonged red cell aplasia, the patient had normal numbers (85 +/- 12 per 10(6) cells) of circulating donor derived, burst forming units-erythroid (BFU-E). Immunophenotypic analysis of erythroid burst colonies derived from culture of the patient's bone marrow cells showed that 91 +/- 5% of 274 nucleated red cells were A-antigen positive, confirming full donor engraftment. Autologous plasma and complement added on day 1 of culture did not affect the colony growth (82.5 +/- 15 per 10(6) cells). However, when the addition of complement was delayed until day 7 of culture, there was 90% inhibition of BFU-E (7.5 +/- 5 per 10(6) cells) compared to controls (p less than 0.0004). Based on this, the authors propose a model for expression of ABO antigens during erythropoiesis, in which BFU-E do not express ABO antigens but their progeny do. The data support the hypothesis that the mechanism of prolonged pure red cell aplasia after ABO-incompatible bone marrow transplantation is complement mediated immune destruction of erythroid progenitors past the stage of BFU-E in differentiation.
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PMID:Case report: isoimmune inhibition of erythropoiesis following ABO-incompatible bone marrow transplantation. 177 22

This is a review and discussion of studies leading to the first use of human umbilical cord blood, material usually discarded, for the provision of stem/progenitor cells for clinical hematopoietic reconstitution. This prospect arose as a result of extensive studies of the harvesting and cryopreservation of cord blood and of its numerical content of progenitor cells demonstrable in vitro. A male patient with Fanconi anemia (FA) was conditioned with a modified regimen of cyclophosphamide and irradiation that accommodates the abnormally high sensitivity to these agents that is characteristic of FA. Cryopreserved cord blood had been retrieved at birth from a female sibling known from prenatal testing to be unaffected by FA and to be human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-compatible with the prospective sibling recipient. After conditioning and therapeutic infusion of thawed cord blood, successful hematopoietic reconstitution was indicated by the general health of the patient, who had previously required supportive transfusions, by satisfactory hematological criteria and by counts of hematopoietic progenitor cells of various types in the bone marrow. Complete engraftment of the myeloid system with donor cells was evident from cytogenetics, ABO typing, study of DNA polymorphisms, and normal cellular resistance to cytotoxic agents that reveal the fragility of FA cells; the blood contained a residuum of host lymphocytes exhibiting chromosomal damage, but the trend has been towards eliminating these damaged cells. This implies that cord blood from a single individual should provide sufficient reconstituting cells for effective hematopoietic repopulation of an autologous or an HLA-compatible allogeneic recipient.
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PMID:Human umbilical cord blood: a clinically useful source of transplantable hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. 196 86

Four hundred and thirty three exchange transfusions (ET) for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in 225 full term (Group I) and 110 premature/low birth weight (Group II) babies were analyzed. A total of 78.5% cases required one, 15.22% two, 4.8% three and 1.5% four ET. In Group I ABO HDN (35.94%), Rh HDN (10.7%), septicemia (8.9%), and G-6-PD deficiency (6.2%) were the major causes. Nearly 20% had multiple factors and in 9.3% no cause was identified. In multifactorial cases 13.3% had septicemia, 17.3% ABO HDN and 6.2% Rh HDN in various combinations. Common causes in Group II babies were septicemia (20.9%), ABO HDN (19.07%), Rh HDN (6.4%) and G-6-PD deficiency (5.4%). Nearly 8% had multifactorial etiology while 30.9% were idiopathic. Complications occurred in 20.4% Group I and 41.8% in Group II babies during ET. Procedure related mortality was 3.2/100 ET which declined to 0.9/100 ET when high risk babies were excluded. Overall mortality in babies subjected to ET was 10.6/100 ET. Cardiorespiratory arrest during procedure (30.4%), septicemia (26.1%) and kernicterus (19.6%) were the leading causes of death. Anemia (23.5% Group I and 50.9% Group II babies) and clinical septicemia (14.2% Group I and 16.4% Group II babies) were major delayed complications.
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PMID:Exchange transfusion in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. 263 Apr 76

Three hundred twenty two transcutaneous bilirubin measurements (TcBM) were performed in 124 Chinese newborns with hyperbilirubinemia and jaundice in evidence. The effect of pathologic factors on the relationship between TcBM readings and total serum bilirubin (SB) levels was analyzed by multiple regression. The results of regression showed that the relationship between TcBM readings and total SB levels was affected by anemia, phototherapy, ABO and Ph hemolytic disease, and premature. Multiple stepwise regression showed that, after adjusting for each other, anemia, phototherapy and Rh hemolytic disease were the significant factors affecting the relationship between the TcBM readings and total SB levels. A practical multiple regression equation for estimation of total SB levels through TcBM readings considering the significant pathologic factors was suggested.
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PMID:[A study of the effect of pathologic factors on the TcBM readings]. 279 47

Acquired immunhaemolytic anemia is a rare but potentially hazardous phenomenon in ABO-mismatched allograft recipients. We report on a further patient, in whom severe haemolytic anemia developed due to a highly specific anti-A1 'auto' antibody of IgG class, after receiving an ABO-mismatched kidney graft. The possible role of immunosuppressive medication in the generation and limitation of this immune disease is discussed.
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PMID:A permissive effect of cyclosporin on the development of isohaemagglutinins of graft origin in ABO-mismatched organ transplantation. 313 48


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