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Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Young rats weighing 150 g (initial weight) were fed diets sufficient or deficient in vitamin A. Postweaning rats were used in order to retard the rapid onset of vitamin A deficiency. The effects of the deficiency were studied with respect to impairment of hematopoietic function and anemia. Values for hemoglobin and hematocrit provided evidence of anemia before the signs of severe vitamin A deficiency became apparent. These included alopecia, ocular lesions, and low levels of retinol in plasma and liver. At the point where liver stores of vitamin A were virtually depleted, however, estimates for serum iron, hematocrit, and hemoglobin were elevated to control levels. The latter phenomenon appeared to result from hemoconcentration. These data suggest that anemia may be a component of vitamin A deficiency, but might be masked by the dehydration that accompanies severe depletion of vitamin A.
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PMID:Clinical signs of anemia in vitamin A-deficient rats. 45 58

Hematological studies were carried out in 110 children with varying levels of plasma retinol to investigate the relationship between vitamin A deficiency and anemia. In children with plasma retinol levels below 20 microgram/100 ml, the mean levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit were lower than those in children who had retinol levels above 20 microgram/100 ml. Following supplementation of vitamin A, there was a significant increase in the levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit and plasma iron. These findings suggest that apart from deficiency of iron, vitamin A deficiency may also have a contributory role in the development of anemia in children.
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PMID:Hematological studies in vitamin A deficient children. 59 Dec 11

In order to investigate the role of vitamin A nutriture in the prevalence of anemia in Central America, a retrospective evaluation of the data of the six Institute of Nutrition of Central Americal and Panama/Office for International Research nutrition surveys of Central America and Panama has been made. Three groups of children; 1 to 4, 5 to 8, and 9 to 12 years old, living between 0 and 2,5000 feet above sea level were studeid. Several biochemical and dietary parameters related to anemia were corrleated with plasma levels of retinol. Children between the ages of 5 and 12 years showed a significant positive correlation between hemoglobin and plasma retinol. Children aged 1 to 4 years did not show a similar correlation. In children of all age groups there were positive correlations between plasma retinol and serum iron. Percent saturation of transferrin was also found to be lower when plasma retinol levels were low. Children with an adequate intake of iron, as classified by both dietary information and socioeconomic level, showed a significant positive correlation between plasma retinol levels and iron in their serum. In contrast, no correlation was found when dietary iron was low. In the light of these findings, a possible relationship between vitamin A deficiency and anemia is suggested.
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PMID:Vitamin A deficiency and anemia in Central American children. 87 80

A cross-sectional study of the prevalence of iron and vitamin A deficiency in normal pregnant women in West Java, Indonesia, was carried out. Of the 318 women studied, 49.4% were anemic and, according to multiple criteria, 43.5% had iron-deficiency anemia, 22.3% had iron-deficient erythropoiesis, and 6.6% had iron depletion. Serum retinol values revealed that 2.5% of the pregnant women were vitamin A deficient and 31% had marginal vitamin A status. The relative dose-response test carried out on 45 women showed that 4 (8.9%) had deficient vitamin A liver stores. After gestational stage, parity, and subdistrict were adjusted for, serum retinol concentrations were significantly positively associated (P < 0.01) with hemoglobin concentrations, hematocrit, and serum iron concentrations. The suboptimal vitamin A status associated with nutritional-deficiency anemia suggests that pregnant women in the area should be supplemented not only with iron but also with vitamin A. This proposal should be tested in an intervention study.
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PMID:Cross-sectional study on the iron and vitamin A status of pregnant women in West Java, Indonesia. 144 67

The association between plasma ferritin concentration and vitamin A and E status was studied in 17 children aged 15-72 months with severe oedematous malnutrition. The controls were 10 children of similar age who were apparently well and with no obvious signs of clinical malnutrition. Plasma ferritin concentration in the patients was significantly higher than that in the control children. Conversely, the plasma concentrations of beta-carotene, alpha-tocopherol and retinol in patients were significantly lower than those in plasma of control children. The median (interquartile range) plasma alpha-tocopherol concentration of patients, 6.03 (5.29-9.50) mumol/l, is below the threshold of vitamin E deficiency (11.6 mumol/l). Fifteen of 17 (88%) malnourished patients were found to have plasma tocopherol concentrations below the normal threshold. However, all the patients had a tocopherol: cholesterol ratio greater than 2.22, indicating adequate vitamin E status for the level of cholesterol present in plasma. Twelve of 17 patients (70.5%) had plasma retinol concentration less than 0.70 mumol/l, indicative of marginal vitamin A status, while 3 patients had plasma retinol concentrations less than 0.35 mumol/l, indicating vitamin A deficiency. The median (interquartile range) plasma retinol concentration of patients, 0.51 (0.41-0.93) mumol/l, is significantly less than that of control children, 0.96 (0.74-1.09) mumol/l; p less than 0.01 Mann Whitney U test. Furthermore, anaemia (Hb less than 110 g/l) was widespread in the patients. The results also indicate no significant correlation between elevated ferritin concentration and the concentrations of beta-carotene, retinol and alpha-tocopherol in the patients' plasma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Plasma ferritin concentration in relation to vitamin A and E status of children with severe oedematous malnutrition. 171 50

Prevention of nutritional deficiencies should be attained by the consumption of a good diet. Unfortunately, in the case of iron, this is not always possible, and it is advantageous to fortify food with iron. Milk-based formulas and cereals are the most commonly used iron-fortified products in infancy and early childhood. Bioavailability of iron from cereals is low and more clinical studies on the field are necessary to demonstrate the effectiveness of iron-fortified cereals in infants and children of developing countries. Infections and excessive blood loss in infancy related to the use of fresh, pasteurized or powdered cow milk result in much of the anemia we currently see in industrialized countries. Vitamin A deficiency interacts with iron metabolism and recent intervention studies have shown that anemia in Vitamin A deficient children can be successfully treated with oral supplements.
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PMID:Nutritional anemias. 195 26

A prospective study on the effect of prenatal nutrition counseling on maternal nutrition status and infant birthweight was conducted at an antenatal care clinic by comparing a group of 80 women who attended nutrition counseling sessions with another group of 63 women who did not participate in nutrition counseling (controls). The daily intake of protein, calcium, iron, retinol, and riboflavin in the counseled group was higher than that in the control group. Moreover, the daily intake of nutrients of the counseled women met the recommended dietary allowance. Blood constituent determinations revealed that the levels of serum total protein, albumin, vitamin A, vitamin E, zinc, copper, magnesium, and hemoglobin in the blood of mothers and in umbilical blood at delivery were higher in the counseled group than in the control group (P less than 0.01). The women receiving counseling had fewer low-birthweight infants (1.52% vs 2.70%) and the incidence of maternal anemia was 39.1% against 55.6%, a significant difference (P less than 0.01).
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PMID:Evaluation of prenatal nutrition counseling: maternal nutrition status and infant birthweight. 209 51

This overview of health programs and conditions in India reveals that health is related to economic development antipoverty measures, food production and distribution, drinking water supply, sanitation, housing, environmental protection, and education. There are urgent requirements for effective intersectorial coordination. Unprecedented growth of 1 million a year has resulted in slums and shanties--a place of epidemics; urbanization has contributed to environmental pollution impacting on health, and water pollution to water-born diseases. Health services are still insufficient to meet the needs. Sanitation practices contribute to cholera, dysentery, diarrhea, enteric fevers, and malaria. Indian Systems of Medicine and Homeopathy must be active in preventive and health care. Accomplishments include in 1987/8 a decline in leprosy cases attributed to the existence of leprosy control units. 40 AIDS Surveillance Units are actively treating and screening. The Naval Goitre Control Programme's goal is replacement of iodized salt for edible salt by 1992, thereby reducing mental retardation and low birth weight babies. The Family Welfare Programme, targets a New Production Rate of Unity before 2000. A National Technology Mission on immunization and the Universal Immunization Programme plans to be operational in all districts by 1990. Oral rehydration therapy programs dispense free packets to fill the needs of 1 million children under 5 who suffer from diarrhea 3 times a year with 3 million facing death. The Primary Health Care Programme provides iron and folic acid to women with nutritional anemia and Vitamin A to children. Health service developments have been increased.
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PMID:Status of health in India and its future prospects. 226 69

A study on iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) in adolescence was conducted among 478 teen-age students in Shanghai. The study indicated that the intake of nutrients among the students was generally insufficient. The lack of protein, calcium, Vitamin A, Vitamin B1, and Vitamin B2 was more serious. The morbidities of IDA among male and female students were 15.8 and 32.6%, respectively, higher in the female group (P less than 0.01). The iron-deficiency sufferers among male and female students were 46.8 and 61.8%, respectively, also higher in the female group (P less than 0.01). The causes of IDA were analyzed by the method of stepwise regression. In a study of the effect of IDA on intelligence and physical development in adolescents, we found that there was no significant effect of IDA on intelligence quotient (IQ) and school performance. However, the speed and endurance capabilities of students of both sexes were correlated directly with hemoglobin level. In female students, the speed capability was correlated directly with the serum ferritin content. On the basis of these findings, a special 3-month school lunch program was initiated. The results indicate that a comprehensive, rational, and balanced diet is beneficial to hemoglobin, free erythrocyte porphyrin, and serum ferritin contents and improves adolescent development.
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PMID:Study on iron nutritional status in adolescence. 233 24

The morbidity pattern and nutritional profile was evaluated of school children who resided around Mosaboni Copper Mines and in surrounding villages of Ghatsila subdivision in Singhbhum district of Bihar State, India. A total of 1424 school children (816 boys and 608 girls) between 5-17 years old were studied. Children were examined on school premises with the assistance of teachers and health visitors. Body weight and height, nutritional deficiency signs, common infective conditions, and cardiac murmurs were recorded. Evidence of morbidity was found in 52.8% boys and 67.4% girls. 11.9% boys and 12.2% girls had 2 or more conditions existing together. The average number of children per family was 5.13; it was 4.77 in families with no child illness; 5.03 with 1 illness and 6.94 if 2 or more morbid conditions were found in a child. Approximately 2% girls over 12 years old had dysmenorrhea and polymenorrhea. Only 15.4% of boys and 19% of girls weighed above 80% of the 50th percentile of the Harvard Standard. 76.4% of boys and 71.7% of girls weighed between 61% and 80%, while 8.1% of boys and 9.l% of girls weighed less than 60%. 20% of boys and girls showed features of stunting. Deficiencies of Vitamin B-complex and Vitamin A as well as clinical anemia were common while rickets and scurvy were rare. The prevalence of worm infestation, lymphadenopathy as well as skin and respiratory infections were lower than in some other studies. Dental caries was observed in 21% of cases, but the prevalence of periodontal disease and malocclusion was higher than reported by others. Convulsive disorders and myopia were less common than in urban school children. Prevalence of congenital cardiac lesions was higher than in urban studies probably due to heredity. Nutritional supplementation in schools, regular medical checkups of school children, and health education of the community with emphasis on small family norms could improve the overall health status of rural children.
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PMID:Health status of rural school children. 258 10


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