Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ten cases of multiple myeloma seen in PUMC hospital survived more than six years. 4 of them survived more than ten years. 6 patients were of IgA type. Features of those cases included: (1) symptoms mild; (2) incidence of anemia low; (3) percentage of tumor cell in bone marrow also relatively low; (4) blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and calcium normal; (5) maintenance therapy rather long. The prognostic factors and the current general situation of treatment were briefly discussed.
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PMID:[Report of 10 cases of multiple myeloma surviving more than 6 years]. 181 84

Between 1975 and 1988 authors encountered 44 pregnancies in 26 women who had had chronic renal disease and unimpaired renal function before the conception. Complications during pregnancy and the outcome of pregnancy were studied. There were 5 spontaneous abortions between the 11th and 20th weeks of gestation, 1 therapeutic abortion, 3 still births at weeks 28, 32 and 33, 6 neonatal deaths at age of 26 to 35 weeks, 11 preterm newborns, 35 live births, 9 infants with intrauterine growth retardation including 4 preterm newborns and 1 fetal malformation and 2 cases with premature rupture of the fetal membranes. The pregnancies were complicated with anaemia in 23 cases, with urinary tract infection in 19, with hypertension in 16, with proteinuria in 12 and with edema in 11 cases. Increase in the serum creatinine value during pregnancy was found in 6 cases. These data indicate that the pregnancy in patients with chronic renal disease who had normal renal function before the planned conception, is accompanied with increased risk for both the mother and child.
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PMID:Pregnancy in women with chronic renal disease: a 14-year study. 181 86

DBA/2FG-pcy mice developed the chronic renal failure by the progressive polycystic formation at five months old. Their bilaterally enlarged kidneys occupied about 15% of the body weight. It was about 9 times larger than the normal kidney of DBA/2N mice. A large number of various-sized cysts appeared in cortex and medulla of bilateral light-yellow kidneys of sponge-like shape. Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine increased. Red blood cells (746 +/- 39 x 10(4)/mm3), hemoglobin (8.8 +/- 0.4 g/dl) and hematocrits (31.1 +/- 1.5%) were lower than those of normal control mice. Serum erythropoietin level and reticulocytes did not increase. In addition, the treatment with exogenous erythropoietin improved the anemia in DBA/2FG-pcy mice. It was suggested that the anemia in DBA/2FG-pcy mice was due to the disorder of erythropoietin production caused by the progressive polycystic formation in kidneys.
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PMID:Renal anemia in polycystic kidney disease mouse. 183 4

We compared the presentation features of three series of patients with multiple myeloma diagnosed between 1960 and 1971 (Kyle R, Mayo Clin Proc, 1975, 50, 29, n = 869), 1972 and 1986 (Clinica Medica, University of Pavia, n = 345) and 1987 and 1990 (Cooperative Group for Study and Treatment of Multiple Myeloma, n = 341). In the most recently diagnosed patients, the percentage of those who had symptoms related to multiple myeloma (i.e. any of bone pain, systemic symptoms, disturbances related to hypercalcemia, neurological involvement and hyperviscosity) was reduced (90 vs. 86 vs. 66%) (P less than 0.001), while the percentage of asymptomatic patients diagnosed by chance was increased (not reported, and 14 vs. 34%). In the most recent series, a lower percentage of spontaneous bone pain (68 vs. 60 vs. 37%, P less than 0.001) paralleled a lower incidence of advanced bone disease (osteolyses and pathological fractures, 60 vs. 64 vs. 34%), and renal failure (serum creatinine greater than 1.2 mg/dl) was also less common (56 vs. 44 vs. 33%, P less than 0.01), at least partially due to a decreased incidence of both hypercalcemia (30 vs. 20 vs. 18%, P less than 0.001) and of hyperuricemia (serum uric acid greater than 7 mg/dl, 47 vs. 32 vs. 26%, P less than 0.01). Systemic symptoms (weakness, infections, fever or weight loss) were reported more seldom by recently diagnosed patients, due to a decreased frequency of anaemia (haemoglobin less than 12 g/dl), leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, as well as of the systemic effects of bone pain and of renal insufficiency. These data indicate that multiple myeloma is diagnosed earlier now than in the past, and this must be taken into account when comparing survival data in treated series.
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PMID:Changing clinical presentation of multiple myeloma. 183 56

A nine year old male patient was admitted to a metropolitan general hospital at Santiago, Chile, because of unexplained severe anemia (hematocrit 18%) and redness of the right eye. Uveitis was confirmed by ophthalmological examination. Laboratory work up showed an erythrocyte sedimentation rate of 101 mm.h, marked nitrogen retention (BUN 91 mg/dl), creatinine clearance was 9 ml/min.1,73 sq m, serum IgG and IgM immune globulin concentrations were 2,368 mg/dl and 263 mg/dl respectively, over the normal range for age, with almost absent serum IgA and reduced T cell populations. Negative rheumatoid factor, antinuclear antibodies and anti smooth muscle antibodies reactions were obtained, together with normal levels of C3 and C4 fractions of complement and normal urine sediment. Renal biopsy specimen included 25 glomerular, one of them was wholly sclerotic, another two had periglomerular fibrosis and the remainder showed only slightly increased mesangial matrix. Heavy mononuclear inflammatory interstitial infiltration, with granulomatous structures including giant multinuclear cells as those seen in foreign body reactions (fig 1) and PAS positive intraluminal tubular crystals were also observed. In spite of steroidal treatment, which was complicated by an inflammatory brain granuloma that healed in coincidence with parenteral antibiotic therapy, the patient evolved toward chronic renal failure. We think that the available evidence strongly suggests an immunological disorder as a very likely explanation for this case.
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PMID:[Interstitial nephritis syndrome and uveitis]. 184 26

Hypertensive patients over the age of 60 years were admitted to a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Patients in the actively treated group received a combined potassium-losing and -sparing diuretic (triamterene 50 mg plus hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg; n = 416); this dose could be doubled and methyldopa (up to 2 g, daily) was added in 35% of patients when blood pressure remained high. The placebo group (n = 424) received matching capsules and tablets. Adverse effects were assessed in the double-blind period of the trial by calculating the incidence of abnormal biochemical results, investigator reports of diseases and prescriptions of concomitant therapy and a self-administered symptom questionnaire completed by patients. In 1000 hypertensive subjects over 60 years of age, 1 year of active treatment would prevent 11 fatal cardiac events, 6 fatal and 11 non-fatal strokes and 8 cases of severe congestive heart failure. No unexpected adverse treatment effects were observed. A significant excess incidence rate (per 1000 person years) was found in the active group compared with placebo for: (1) impaired renal function, a serum creatinine greater than 180 mumol/l (2.0 mg/dl); (2) mild hypokalaemia, a serum potassium less than 3.5 mmol/l; (3) reports of gout; and (4) an elevated serum uric acid greater than 0.52 mmol/l in men or greater than 0.46 in women. Elevated blood sugar and prescriptions for hypoglycaemic drugs tended to be more frequent in the actively treated group, but this difference was not statistically significant. In both groups, there was a low incidence (less than 7 per 1000 person years) of anaemia and depression and diseases of the liver, gall bladder or pancreas.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Risks and benefits in the trial of the European Working Party on High Blood Pressure in the Elderly. 185 85

We report our experience with 100 orchiectomies for advanced prostatic cancer in hospitalised patients. Approximately 60% of the patients required hospitalisation for additional treatment and investigation of complications due to their disease at the time of orchiectomy. In 51 cases the orchiectomy was combined with transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP); 37 patients had pathological levels of serum creatinine and 17 had pathological dilatation of the upper urinary tract, 6 of whom required a nephrostomy catheter. Because of anaemia on admission, 21 patients received a peri-operative blood transfusion. Two patients had significant post-operative bleeding, 2 developed a wound infection and 1 had a deep thrombophlebitis. The patients' mean age was 76.4 years and the period of hospitalisation ranged from 3 to 150 days with peaks at 3 and 8 days. The most important reason for prolonged hospitalisation was social problems. It was concluded that many patients who were hospitalised as a direct consequence of their prostatic carcinoma would have been in hospital for a similar period regardless of the method of hormonal manipulation used. Because so many patients have other reasons for hospitalisation, or require additional surgical procedures such as TURP, the true average cost of orchiectomy for advanced prostatic cancer is difficult to determine.
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PMID:Hospitalisation of prostatic cancer patients undergoing orchiectomy. 187 93

Because recent data indicate that erythropoietin (Epo) production is defective in allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT) patients, we investigated the role of the immunosuppressant, nephrotoxic, agent cyclosporin A (CsA) on renal Epo production using an animal model. Mice were injected with 1.0 to 40.0 mg/kg/d CsA for 15 days. Thereafter, circulating Epo levels were evaluated in both intact animals and in mice made anemic with phenylhydrazine (PHZ). Serum Epo levels measured in CsA-treated animals were then compared with the predicted levels, which had been calculated in a reference population of normal, either intact or anemic, mice. In CsA-treated, intact animals both hematocrit and serum Epo levels were not significantly different from controls. However, serum Epo levels in CsA-treated, anemic mice were significantly lower than those expected in a control population of untreated, anemic mice with similar degrees of anemia. No significant increase in serum creatinine was recorded even at the highest doses of CsA used, nor were we able to document signs of renal toxicity by histologic examination of the kidneys. Therefore, therapeutical doses of CsA appear to affect the production of Epo under conditions in which the demand of the hormone is increased, as in response to anemia. We suggest that a subclinical kidney toxicity produced by CsA might have a role in the pathogenesis of the impaired Epo production observed in BMT patients, and may contribute to a delayed erythroid engraftment in at least some BMT patients.
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PMID:Impaired erythropoietin production in mice treated with cyclosporin A. 188 28

Two groups, with 4 patients each were selected for study out of 155 patients on regular hemodialysis (HD): Group I, with hematocrit (PCV) less than 20% and group II, with PCV greater than 30%. The patients in both groups had been anemic at the start of HD treatment, but a significant improvement in their anemia had occurred only among the patients in the Group II. The main difference between the two patient groups, other than the degree of anemia, was found to be in serum erythropoietin (Ep) levels. No significant differences were observed between the two groups in serum urea, creatinine, parathyroid hormone or CFU-E growth inhibition. Acquired cystic disease of the kidney was found in five patients from group I, and in 11 patients from group II. The correlation between the number of cysts in the kidneys and the patient's PCV and serum Ep levels proved significantly positive. The results presented could be regarded as another proof that diseased kidney is capable of functioning as an Ep producing organ despite the loss of excretory function.
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PMID:Erythropoietin and improvement of anemia in long-term hemodialysis patients. 188 10

Since 1972, 25 cases of multiple myeloma had been diagnosed. Of them, 22 (88%) were over 50 years old. Most of them had bone pain with anemia to different degrees. Marked elevation of ESR was found in 19 cases. Bence-Jones protein was detected in the urine in 15 cases resulting in elevation of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine. Twenty-two of 23 cases were found to have a high peak of abnormal globulin. Increased plasma cells with abnormal features in the bone marrow were observed in 17/21 cases. Multiple osteolytic lesions, compression fracture and osteoporosis on X-ray films were shown in the majority. Of these 25 cases, 10 had advanced myeloma. These 10 patients all died during admission and eight without any chemotherapy. In the other 15 cases treated with chemotherapy, marked response was seen in 1, partial response in 8 and no response in 6. The diagnosis of the disease is discussed in detail.
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PMID:[Clinical analysis of 25 cases of multiple myeloma]. 188 42


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