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Query: UMLS:C0002871 (anemia)
 52,094 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Rhesus monkeys fed an ascorbic acid-free, purified liquid diet, developed scurvy in 70 to 105 days as evidenced by loss of weight, anemia, bleeding gums, inflamed palate, diarrhea, and inability to stand. Oral administration of either 10 mg/kg body weight of ascorbic acid or an equimolar amount of the magnesium salt of 1-ascorbic acid phosphate cured all symptoms of scurvy. Similarly, oral administration of 1-ascorbic acid phosphate cured all symptoms of scurvy in the guinea pig and resulted in liver ascorbate levels equal to those of animals feed ascorbic acid. It is concluded that ascorbic acid phosphate is a readily available source of ascorbic acid activity in vivo.
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PMID:Antiscorbutic activity of ascorbic acid phosphate in the rhesus monkey and the guinea pig. 10 21

The 25,000 dalton protein of Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (MPMV) was isolated by gel filtration chromatography. In agreement with results from other laboratories, antisera to type-C and the non-type-C bovine leukemia and equine infectious anemia viruses did not precipitate 125I-labelled MPMV p25. In addition, these viruses did not cross-react in a competition radioimmunoassay for MPMV p25. Twenty-one human tissues (15 breast carcinomas, 2 normal breasts, 3 acute myelogenous leukemias and 1 sarcoma) were fractionated by detergent solubilization, ammonium sulfate precipitation, and DE-52 anion exchange chromatography. These methods were shown to be highly effective for purification of MPMV p25. Under assay conditions which minimized incubation damage to the 125I-MPMV p25, all tissues failed to react in the competition radioimmunoassay (RIAT). Two hundred and two human sera or plasma specimens, including those from patients with breast cancer and 33 age-matched controls, from 50 patients with hematologic malignancies, from 12 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and from 14 patients with systemic lupus erythematosis, were examined for antibodies to MPMV p25. With the exception of two multiple myeloma plasma which produced artifactual false positive reactions based on hypergammaglobulinemia, a known complication of salt precipitation radioimmunoassays, the remainder of the specimens were negative for evidence of MPMV p25 antibodies.
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PMID:Radioimmunoassay for the major structural protein of Mason-Pfizer monkey virus: Attempts to detect the presence of antigen or antibody in humans. 40 48

The observation of a non-metastatic reactive hepatopathy associated with a hypernephroma in a 39-year-old man who had had fever for 4 months led to a review of the literature and an analysis of basically three aspects of the disorder: a) The various manifestations of carcinoma of the kidney, which include a large number of paraneoplastic clinical symptoms (polycythemia, anemia, prolonged fever, hypercalcemia, hypertension, nefropathy, loss of salt, peripheral neuropathy, and amyloidosis); b) an alteracion of hepatic function known since 1961 which is characterized by an abnormal retention of sulfobromophthalein, increase of alkaline phosphatase, prothrombin decrease, dysproteinemia with hypoalbuminemia, and alpha2-globulin increase. It may or may not be accompanied by enlargement of the liver. c) Criteria of operability of the primary tumor.
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PMID:[Liver disease associated with hypernephroma. A case report (author's transl)]. 45 99

Nutrient content often varies somewhat among brands of baby foods today. Dinners, such as vegetables and meat, are higher today in moisture content than when Agriculture Handbook 8 was published in 1963. Modern processing techniques may account for this difference. To combat nutritional anemia, dry cereals, often the baby's first food other than milk or formula, are excellent sources of good-quality protein and iron, as well as of copper. Asorbic acid is often added to fruits and fruit juices to improve and standardize the product. In recent years, sodium in baby foods has been reduced, due to limited use of salt and monosodium glutamate. Trends indicate less sugar will be added to fruits and juices in the future. Variation in content of selected nutrients can be attributed to the proportion of ingredients in the mixture or the variety of vegetable or fruit selected by the baby food processor.
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PMID:Nutrient content of selected baby foods. 62 52

Ponceau 6R (the tetrasodium salt of 1-(4-sulpho-1-naphthyl-azo)-2-naphthol-3,6,8-trisulphonic acid) was fed to pigs at dietary levels of 0 (control), 100, 500 and 1500 mg/kg body wt./day for 102--105 days. In the 1500-mg group a decrease in weight gain and food utilization was seen, and 1 pig died with a hemolytic anaemia. Dose dependent discolouration was seen of the connective tissue in the groups given 1500 and 500 mg/kg body wt. For this effect the no-effect-level was 100 mg Ponceau 6R/kg body wt. per day.
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PMID:A short term peroral study of the food colour, Ponceau 6R in pigs. 69 44

The management of patients with chronic renal failure is complicated and demanding for both physician and patient, but is frequently rewarding. When specific treatment of the underlying cause is not possible, therapy is aimed at making the maximum use of existing nephrons and preventing further loss of nephrons through hypertension and infection. Careful attention to salt and water balance is necessary, and all patients and all drugs prescribed must be considered with care. Special problems exist with regard to anaemia, bone disease, pericarditis and hyperkalaemia. An important aspect of care at this time is the education of patients about the next major phase of management, dialysis and transplantation.
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PMID:The conservative management of chronic renal failure. 93 26

Under exchange conditions (no net increase in calcium), erythrocytes incubated in isoosmotic phosphate-buffered saline have an exchangeable calcium pool comprising about 10% of the total erythrocyte calcium. This pool reaches exchange equilibrium, for either inward-directed or outward-directed transfer of the 45Ca-exchange label, with a half-time of about 20 min. The uptake of Ca2+ requires phosphate, even under hypo-osmotic conditions, where the calcium loading expected as the cells swell is obtained only when phosphate is present. The phosphate requirement is not due to Ca2+ transport as a phosphate salt. This exchangeable-calcium pool is also present in sickle-cell-anemia erythrocytes, and comprises a similar proportion of total cellular calcium.
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PMID:Erythrocyte calcium metabolism. Calcium exchange in normal and sickle-cell-anaemia erythrocytes. 94 40

The syndrome of dwarfism, hypogonadism, iron-deficiency anemia and geophagia, first reported in 1960 from Iran, was thought to be limited to males. In 1971-1972 two females with the same clinical features were observed over a 14-month period. The anemia responded rapidly to iron. Growth and sexual development occurred promptly when 120 mg of zinc sulfate was administered daily in conjunction with a well-balanced diet and iron supplement. This diet prior to the addition of zinc sulfate, resulted in gradual but much slower growth and sexual development. Observations in these two patients provide confirmation of the occurrence of human zinc deficiency in females, which responds to large doses of zinc salt.
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PMID:Zinc deficiency occurring in females. Report of two cases. 114 41

Twenty patients with anemia and massive splenomegaly were studied in order to elucidate the mechanism by which splenomegaly results in plasma volume expansion. In 18 patients, increased plasma volume accounted for most of the anemia. Fourteen patients had an exaggerated renin response to standing, mean 1967 +/- 613 (SE) ng angiotensin ll/100 ml plasma (p less than 0.05). The mean resting forearm blood flow was increased 3.47 +/- 0.32 (SE) ml/100 ml forearm tissue (p less than 0.001). The venous capacitance was normal, as contrasted to a marked decrease in venous capacitance in patients with anemia of comparable degree without splenomegaly. Cardiac indices were increased in 10 of 11 patients (range 4.1-8.1 liters/min/sq m). In nine of ten patients oxygen consumption was increased (range 147-231 ml/min/sq m). Splenectomy was performed on 14 patients. Splenic blood flow was elevated in four of four patients (range 750-2000 ml/min). Splenic A-V oxygen difference was exaggerated in seven of seven patients and in three of three patients splenic indocyanine-green dye dilution curve failed to show an early peak suggestive of A-V shunting in the spleen. Free portal pressure was elevated in 12 of 12 patients and decreased immediately after splenectomy. The intravascular albumin mass decreased in ten patients, was unchanged in three at 2-4 mo after splenectomy, and was accompanied by a rise in the plasma albumin concentration in nine. These data suggest that a flow-induced portal hypertension with expansion of the portal vascular space is an important early hemodynamic change. This finding, together with a decreased peripheral resistance, probably results in a decrease in effective intravascular volume, resulting in stimulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and other renal hemodynamic changes necessary for salt and water retention. Splenectomy usually accomplishes a complete reversal of these abnormalities and correction of the anemia.
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PMID:Mechanism of dilutional anemia in massive splenomegaly. 126 Jan 26

Currently major nutrition supplementation programs in India are: 1) Integrated Child Development Services Scheme (ICDS); 2) Mid-day meal Programs (MDM); 3) Special Nutrition Programs (SNP); 4) Wheat Based Nutrition Programs (WNP); 5) Applied Nutrition Programs (ANP); 6) Balwadi Nutrition Programs (BNP); 7) National Nutritional Anaemia Prophylaxis Program (NNAPP); 8) National Program for Prevention of Blindness due to Vitamin A Deficiency; and 9) National Goiter Control Program (NGCP). The history of the respective programs, their beneficiaries, objectives, activities, organization, and evaluation are detailed. The ICDS beneficiaries are children below 6 years, pregnant and lactating mothers, and women aged 15-44 years, who are provided the following: supplementary nutrition; immunization; health check-ups; referral services; treatment of minor illnesses; pre-school education to children aged 3-6 years. The MDM program's intended beneficiaries are children attending the primary school. Children belonging to backward classes, scheduled caste, and scheduled tribe families are given priority. The SNP is to provide supplementary nutrition and health care services including supply of vitamin A solution and iron and folic acid tablets to pre-school children, and pregnant and lactating mothers of poor groups in urban slums and tribal areas. The ANP strives to make people conscious of their nutritional needs and to provide supplementary nutrition to children aged between 3-6 years and to pregnant and lactating mothers. The beneficiaries of the WNP scheme are children of pre-school age and nursing and expectant mothers in areas with high infant mortality such as urban slums and backward rural areas. The program of BNP aims to supply about one-third of the calorie and half of the protein requirements of pre-school children between the age of 3-5 years to improve the nutritional status. The NNAPP scheme beneficiaries are children in the 1-5 age group and pregnant and nursing mothers, female acceptors of terminal methods of family planning and IUDs. The NGCP aims to supply iodized salt to the entire country by 1992.
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PMID:National nutrition supplementation programmes. 129 17


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